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SUBSCRIBE The leading Copyright |
DICTIONARY OF OCCUPATIONAL TITLES (4th Ed., Rev. 1991)
500.131-010 to 519.585-014
This category includes occupations concerned with refining, mixing,
compounding, chemically treating, heat treating, or similarly working materials and products.
Knowledge of a process and adherence to formulas or other specifications are required in some
degree. Vats, stills, ovens, furnaces, mixing machines, crushers, grinders, and related equipment
or machines are usually involved.
50 OCCUPATIONS IN PROCESSING OF METAL This division includes occupations concerned with molding, casting, coating, conditioning, or otherwise processing metal. Foundry occupations are included in Division 51.
500 ELECTROPLATING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with covering the surfaces of objects by electro-deposition or electrolysis.
500.131-010 SUPERVISOR (electroplating) alternate titles: plater supervisor
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
cleaning, racking, plating, and polishing of metal or plastic objects: Selects equipment, such as
hooks, plating barrels or tanks, and racks, according to quantity, size, and type of objects to be
plated. Verifies types of plating metals and solutions, length of immersion period, and amount of
electric current flowing through solutions, following plating specifications. Assigns tasks to
workers and processes paperwork, such as timecards and supply, production and personnel
reports. Resolves personnel problems and expedites production bottlenecks to meet deadlines and
production schedules. Inspects plated surfaces of objects to detect defects, such as rough spots,
thin plating, and unpolished areas. Collects and labels samples of plating solutions for laboratory
analysis. Examines equipment, such as plating tanks, polishers, and racks, and notifies
maintenance department of needed repairs. May analyze plating solutions to verify conformance
to specifications, performing variety of tests, such as specific gravity and titration tests. May
measure thickness of plating on metal objects, using micrometer, to verify conformance to
specifications. May be designated according to specific process supervised as Supervisor,
Anodizing (electroplating); Supervisor, Electrolytic Tinning (nonfer. metal). Performs other
duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
500.132-010 SUPERVISOR, SHEET MANUFACTURING (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
making copper starting sheets by electrolysis. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR
(any industry) Master Title.
500.134-010 SUPERVISOR, MATRIX (recording)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
electroplating, stripping, finishing, and inspecting metal phonograph record matrices.
Requisitions processing materials, such as chemicals, wiping cloths, and polishing compounds.
Confers with workers' representatives to resolve grievances. Trains workers in processing
functions. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
500.287-010 INSPECTOR, PLATING (electroplating) alternate titles: sample tester
Inspects plated surfaces of metal or plastic objects visually or
using chemical or electrical tests: Examines part for defects, such as uneven coating or scratches.
Applies chemicals to or immerses object in test solution and observes reaction or measures
dissolving time. Turns on electrical current and reads gauge to measure plating thickness.
Attaches magnet to metal part and reads gauge to measure magnet pull to determine plating
thickness. Compares readings with specifications and returns defective objects for rework. May
test samples of electrolytic solutions.
500.362-010 ELECTROGALVANIZING-MACHINE OPERATOR (electroplating)
Sets up and operates continuous multistrand
electrogalvanizing and heat-treating machine to coat steel strip or wire with zinc, according to
written specifications: Mixes chemical solutions, using formulas. Fills cleaning, pickling,
galvanizing, and waxing tanks. Charges furnace with gas or coal to prepare for galvanizing
process. Inserts wire reels and feeds wire into machine. Moves controls on rheostats and
generators to regulate movement of wire strand between reels, plating tanks, and coils, to obtain
specified thickness of coating. Adjusts controls to regulate temperature of leadpot, cleaners,
picklers, and plating tanks. Performs chemical solution tests, such as titration tests, wire hardness
tests, dip coating tests, and welding tests, to determine conformance to specifications. Readjusts
controls based on findings. Records test results. Examines coating, washing, and alignment of
wire strands visually and using micrometers to compare finished strands with specifications.
Resets and changes combs when changing width and number of strands. Replaces anodes and
recharges leadpot at specified intervals.
500.362-014 PLATER, BARREL (electroplating) alternate titles: barrel-line operator; drum plater; plater, machine; tumbler plater
Operates barrel plating equipment to coat metal objects
electrolytically with metal to build up, protect, or decorate surfaces: Places metal objects in mesh
container and immerses objects in cleaning solutions. Places objects in perforated or mesh barrel
of plating equipment and clamps door in barrel opening. Turns handle to lower barrel into plating
solution and to close electrical contacts. Starts rotation of barrel. Starts flow of electric current
through plating solution that decomposes plating metal at anode and deposits metal coating on
objects in barrel. Stops flow of current after specified time and removes objects. Places objects in
mesh container and immerses objects in rinsing solutions. Dries plated objects, using centrifugal
drier or tumbler filled with sawdust. Tests solutions, using hydrometer, and adds chemicals to
maintain specified concentrations.
500.380-010 PLATER (electroplating) alternate titles: electroplater; plating-tank operator
Sets up and controls plating equipment to coat metal objects
electrolytically with chromium, copper, cadmium, or other metal to provide protective or
decorative surfaces or to build up worn surfaces according to specifications: Reads work order to
determine size and composition of object to be plated; type concentration and temperature of
plating solution; type and thickness and location of specified plating metal; and amount of
electrical current and time required to complete plating process. Immerses object in cleaning and
rinsing baths [METAL-CLEANER, IMMERSION (any industry)]. Suspends object, such as part
or mold, from cathode rod (negative terminal) and immerses object in plating solution. Suspends
stick or piece of plating metal from anode (positive terminal) and immerses metal in plating
solution. Moves controls on rectifier to adjust flow of current through plating solution from
anode to cathode and to permit electrodeposition of metal on object. Removes plated object from
solution at periodic intervals and observes object to ensure conformance to specifications.
Adjusts voltage and amperage based on observation. Examines object visually at end of process
to determine thickness of metal deposit or measures thickness, using instruments, such
micrometers or calipers. Grinds, polishes or rinses object in water and dries object to maintain
clean even surface. May mix, and test strength of plating solution, using instruments and
chemical tests. May measure, mark, and mask areas excluded from plating. May plate small
objects, such as nuts or bolts, using motor-driven barrel. May direct other workers performing
variety of duties, such as racking, cleaning, or plating objects. May operate electroplating
equipment with reverse polarity and be known as Plating Stripper (electroplating). May be
designated according to plating materials used as Brass Plater (electroplating); Bronze Plater
(electroplating); Cadmium Plater (electroplating); Chromium Plater (electroplating); Copper
Plater (electroplating); Gold Plater (electroplating). May be designated: Nickel Plater
(electroplating); Plastics Plater (plastic prod.); Silver Plater (electroplating); Tin Plater
(electroplating).
500.380-014 PLATER APPRENTICE (electroplating) alternate titles: electroplater apprentice; plating-tank-operator apprentice
Performs duties as described under APPRENTICE (any
industry) Master Title.
500.381-010 CYLINDER GRINDER (print. & pub.) alternate titles: grinder and plater
Electroplates rotogravure printing cylinders with coating of
copper and grinds plates to specifications, using grinding machines: Immerses cylinder in
cleaning bath, using chain hoist. Removes cylinder and places cylinder in copper sulfate plating
solution for prescribed period of time to cover cylinder with copper [PLATER (electroplating)].
Removes cylinder from plating vat, rinses in water, and fastens cylinder between centers of
grinding machine, using handtools. Selects and fastens abrasive wheel onto spindle of machine.
Starts machine and turns handwheels to bring abrasive wheel into contact with surface of
cylinder, and to engage automatic feed. Measures dimension of cylinder surfaces during grinding
and polishing operation, using micrometers to obtain required precision. Removes finished
cylinder from machine and places cylinder in rack.
500.384-010 MATRIX PLATER (recording)
Electroplates phonograph record matrices to form metal
replicas of positive and negative recorded surfaces, and to form stamper used in pressing
phonograph records: Inserts silver-coated lacquer disk (original recording) in rubber masking
ring to prevent plating of specified surfaces, such as edges of disk. Hangs disk in tanks
containing plating solutions, such as nickel and copper or inserts disk over centering pin of
automatic plating tanks to form negative metal master matrix of disk. Observes dials and gauges
to ensure solutions and electric current flowing through solutions conform to specifications, and
adjusts controls as required. Removes plated disk from tanks after specified time, removes
masking ring, washes and dries disk, and routes disk to finishing department for stripping and
finishing process by MATRIX WORKER (recording). Washes master matrix after finishing
process to prevent adhesion during subsequent plating processes. Plates master matrix to form
$T3mother$T1 matrix and plates mother to form stamper used on record presses, following
prescribed plating procedures. May prepare and test plating solutions.
500.384-014 MATRIX-BATH ATTENDANT (recording)
Maintains electrolytic baths in operating condition for plating
phonograph record matrices: Draws sample of solution from tanks, using pipette. Tests strength
of solution, using hydrometer, and adds specified amounts of metallic salts, acid, or water to
solution as needed. Examines anodes for specified size and for position in baths. Activates
controls and reads meters to test electrical connections for open or short condition.
500.485-010 ZINC-PLATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (electroplating)
Tends machine that coats wire electrolytically with zinc to
protect wire surface from corrosion: Mixes zinc solution according to specified formula and turns
valves to fill tank with solution. Threads wire through machine and sets rheostat to regulate flow
of current through solution. Starts machine to pull wire through solution. Examines surface of
wire for defects, such as bubbles or bare spots, and measures thickness of coating, using
micrometer. Adjusts controls to regulate speed of reel and flow of current to coat wire to
specified thickness.
500.682-010 ANODIZER (any industry) alternate titles: white-metal corrosion proofer
Controls anodizing equipment to provide corrosion resistant
surface to aluminum objects: Selects holding rack according to size, shape, and number of
objects to be anodized. Wires or clips objects to anodizing rack and immerses rack in series of
cleaning, etching, and rinsing baths. Positions objects in anodizing tank by suspending them
from anode. Estimates amount of electric current and time required to anodize material. Turns
rheostat to regulate flow of current. Removes objects from tank after specified time, rinses
objects, and immerses them in bath of hot water or dichromate solution to seal oxide coating.
Hangs objects on racks to air-dry. May immerse objects in dye bath to color them for decorative
or identification purposes. May anodize workpiece with corrosion resistant material, using
automated equipment that automatically cleans, rinses, and coats.
500.684-010 ELECTROFORMER (electroplating)
Sprays or smears electrically conductive solution onto
nonconductive objects, such as baby shoes or plastic molds, or dips objects in solution to prepare
objects for electroplating. May electroplate objects [PLATER (electroplating)].
500.684-014 MATRIX WORKER (recording) alternate titles: finisher
Performs any combination of following tasks involved in
finishing and inspecting metal phonograph matrices after electroplating processes: Strips
(separates) master, $T3mother,$T1 and stamper matrices, using handtools, files, and knife. Holds
matrices against sanding belt or grinding wheel of bench grinder to remove burrs. Punches center
hole in stamper and mother matrices, using punch press. Fills offcenter holes with solder, using
soldering iron or acetylene torch. Steam cleans and polishes matrices, using brushes, cloths, and
polishing compounds. Examines stamper matrices for defects, and weighs matrices to ensure
conformance to standards, using scale. Cuts and flares edges of stamper matrices, using press.
Marks identifying information on master matrices, using scribe.
500.684-018 PLATE FORMER (elec. equip.)
Forms (treats) storage battery plates for dry charge or wet
charge batteries: Positions plates on conductor base of forming tank and burns lead strips to lugs
of plates [LEAD BURNER (elec. equip.)]. Inserts separators between positive and negative
plates to form element. Places elements in containers and attaches push-on or clamp-type
jumpers to connect elements in series. Mixes forming acid solution of prescribed specific gravity.
Drains solution from mixing tank into forming tanks or element containers, using hose. Connects
posts of units to electrical circuit. Adjusts rheostat to regulate current, using ammeter. Removes
formed plates from acid and places plates in water bath to remove electrolyte. Separates positive
and negative plates, places plates [in racks, and places racks in driers. Dumps forming acid from
element containers and refills containers with finishing acid. Conveys or trucks elements to final
charging line.
500.684-022 SILVER SPRAY WORKER (recording)
Sprays surfaces of prerecorded lacquer disks with silver
solution to make disks conductive, using spray gun: Positions disk on spindle of turntable in
spraying booth. Sprays revolving disk with cleaning solvents to prepare disk for silver coating.
Sprays silver solution on revolving surface of disk. May place disk in spray machine that
automatically cleans and sprays surface with silver solution.
500.684-026 PLATER, PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD PANELS (electron. comp.)
Electroplates printed circuit board (PCB) panels with metals,
such as copper, tin, gold, nickel, or solder, to resist corrosion, improve electrical conductivity,
and facilitate solder connections: Dips panels in cleaning solutions or wipes panels with cloth to
clean panels. Clamps panels or rack of panels to overhead bar above tanks to complete
electrolytic current. Immerses panels in plating solution. Sets timer for specified plating time and
turns on electrical current. Observes meter and turns dial to maintain specified current in plating
solution. Removes plated panels and immerses panels in rinsing tank. Examines plated panels for
defects. May test thickness of plating, using gauge or test equipment. May tape areas to be
excluded from plating, using tape machine. May trim excess material from PCB panels, using
shearing machine. May calculate amperage setting, following specified formula. May be
designated according to plating material used as Gold Plater (electron. comp.); Nickel Plater
(electron. comp.).
500.684-030 PLATER, SEMICONDUCTOR WAFERS AND COMPONENTS (electron. comp.)
Electroplates semiconductor wafers and electronic
components, such as copper leads and rectifiers, with metals, such as gold, silver, and lead:
Reads processing sheet to determine plating time and specifications. Places components or
wafers in basket or fixture, using tweezers, and immerses components or wafers in chemical
solution baths for specified time to clean and plate components or wafers. May measure
thickness of photoresist and metal on wafer surface, using micrometer, and test electrical
circuitry of individual $T3die$T1 on wafer, using test probe equipment. May measure anode
width on wafer surface, using microscope measuring equipment.
500.684-034 PLATER (inst. & app.) alternate titles: electroformer
Plates component parts, such as micromesh screen patterns
and electronic tubes, used in medical and laboratory measuring and controlling instruments,
using electrolytic plating tank: Positions screen pattern or component part in frame or on rack,
and hangs frame or rack in plating tank. Sets switch for specified plating time, and activates
electric current to deposit ionized metal on nonprinted area of screen pattern or component part.
Immerses electroformed part in water to rinse off electrolyte, and immerses rinsed part in solvent
to dissolve pattern. May measure thickness of electroplating on component part to verify
conformance to specifications, using micrometer.
500.685-010 ETCHER, ELECTROLYTIC (cutlery-hrdwr.) alternate titles: etcher
Tends equipment that electrolytically etches markings, such
as insignias, trademarks, and part numbers on metal articles: Turns switches on power control
unit to allow flow of electric current through electrolytic solution in tank. Positions workpiece on
stencil and against contact strip to complete electric circuit. Places workpiece in electrolytic
solution that etches stencil markings on metal. Removes workpiece from solution, after specified
time, and sprays workpiece with water to remove acid. Immerses workpiece in rust preventive
solution.
500.685-014 PLATING EQUIPMENT TENDER (electroplating) alternate titles: electroplater, automatic; plater production
Tends automatic equipment that conveys objects through
series of cleaning, rinsing, and electrolytic plating solutions to plate objects with metallic
coating: Starts equipment and regulates flow of electricity through plating solution and
immersion time of objects in solutions, according to specifications. Monitors automatic plating
process to ensure conformance to standards. Adds water or other materials to maintain specified
mixture and level of cleaning, rinsing, and plating solutions. Observes temperature gauges and
adjusts controls to maintain specified temperatures of cleaning and rinsing solutions. Lubricates
moving parts of plating conveyor. Cleans plating and cleaning tanks. May test plating solution,
using hydrometer and litmus paper, or obtain random sample of plating solutions for laboratory
analysis. May replace anodes and cathodes in plating equipment. May fasten objects onto hooks
or racks, or place objects into containers or onto conveyor attached to plating equipment. May
start and monitor computerized plating process. May manually immerse objects into plating or
rinsing solutions.
500.686-010 LABORER, ELECTROPLATING (electroplating) alternate titles: electroplater helper; plater helper; plating-department helper
Performs any combination of following tasks to load and
unload electroplating equipment or to assist PLATER (electroplating) 500.380-010: Fastens
metal workpieces to devices, such as hooks, racks, and cathode bars, or loads workpieces in
baskets or barrels. Immerses workpieces in series of cleaning, plating, pickling, and rinsing
tanks, following timed cycle, manually or using hoist. Carries workpieces between conveyors
that move workpieces through electroplating processes. Sets temperature dials of tanks to
prescribed level. Flips switch to activate electroplating process in tanks. Removes workpieces
from hooks, racks, bars, baskets, or barrels, and examines workpieces for plating defects, such as
rough spots and thin plating. Dries plated workpieces, using oven, centrifugal drier, or
sawdust-filled container. Packs workpieces in boxes or cartons for shipment [PACKAGER,
HAND (any industry) 920.587-018]. Drains solutions from and cleans and refills tanks. Removes
buildup of plating metal from racks, using hammer or compressed-air vibrator, and coats racks
with shellac. Replaces damaged or worn equipment parts. May be designated according to task
performed as Cleaner (electroplating); Rack Cleaner (electroplating); Racker (electroplating);
Sawdust Drier (electroplating).
500.687-010 PLATE-TAKE-OUT WORKER (elec. equip.)
Removes storage-battery plates from forming tanks
preparatory to further processing. Submerges negative plates in water-filled tank truck to prevent
excessive oxidation. Stacks positive plates in dry tank. May push loaded tank trucks to washing
and drying room.
501 DIP PLATING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with covering, without electrolysis, the surfaces of objects with metal coatings by immersing them in molten, liquid, or solute form of the coating metal, or in materials which react with the object surface to form the metal coating.
501.130-010 SUPERVISOR, HOT-DIP-TINNING (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operating hot-dip-tinning machines to tinplate black-pickled steel sheets, and in classifying and
assorting tinplate. Trains workers in set up of machines. Performs duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
501.137-010 SUPERVISOR, HOT-DIP PLATING (galvanizing)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
applying corrosion-resistant coatings of zinc, tin, or other metal to variety of metal objects.
Monitors gauges to verify operational specifications, such as solution temperature and immersion
time. Examines products for even and complete coating. Trains new workers in job duties.
Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
501.362-010 COATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (galvanizing)
Sets up and controls automatic hot-dip lines to plate steel
sheets with protective coating of metal, such as tin or terne: Reads production schedule to
determine setup of lines. Turns screwdown mechanism to set distance between coating brushes
and rolls, using handtools. Measures and sets stops and guides on automatic feeder and
conveying equipment according to dimensions of product to be coated, using rule and wrenches.
Turns controls to set temperatures of coating metal and palm-oil pots. Starts conveyor line and
moves controls to synchronize speed of line with speed of coating machine that conveys sheets
into molten tin covered with palm oil to cause even distribution of tin. Inspects coated product
for defects and changes setup to coat sheets to specifications. May be designated according to
type of coating as Tinner, Automatic (galvanizing).
501.485-010 WIRE-COATING OPERATOR, METAL (galvanizing) alternate titles: strand galvanizer; wire galvanizer
Tends one or more machines, equipped with series of tanks,
that coat wire with corrosion-resistant material, such as tin, zinc, or lead: Lifts and mounts coils
of wire on feed reels. Threads end of wire through series of guides, rollers, wipers, and tanks and
secures it to rewind reel. Moves levers to heat coating material to molten consistency and set
specified temperature of fluxing, cooling, and cleaning baths. Moves controls to start machine,
set tension on wire, and adjust speed that wire feeds through tanks. Observes levels of materials
in tanks and replenishes material when levels drop below specified point. Measures finished wire
to ensure uniformity of coverage, using micrometer. Adjusts machine settings to regulate
thickness of coating, according to specifications. Welds coils of wire together, using butt-welder,
to maintain continuous wire coating operation. May be designated according to type of coating
material applied as Lead Coater (galvanizing); Wire Tinner (galvanizing).
501.685-010 PLATER, HOT DIP (galvanizing) alternate titles: galvanizing dipper; pot runner
Tends equipment to coat iron and steel products with
corrosion-resistant molten nonferrous metal: Suspends metal objects, such as pails, shelving, nuts
and bolts, and structural steel from conveyor hooks or places them in wire baskets. Immerses
objects in chemical solution to clean surface of scale and foreign matter. Lowers objects into tank
of ammonium chloride or other flux to protect surface from oxidation and facilitate coating. Dips
objects into tank of molten metal to coat objects, using hoist or conveyor. Removes objects from
tanks after specified time. Places objects, such as nuts and bolts, in centrifuge and starts machine
to cool objects and remove excessive coating. Places objects, such as shelving and structural
steel, into water tank or transfers them to storage area to cool. Smooths coating, using wire brush
and file. Inspects objects for even and complete coating and returns defective objects for
reprocessing. Scoops dross from tank, using long-handled scoop, pours dross into molds, and
weighs molded dross. Turns valves to regulate temperature in dipping tank. Adds coating metal
and chemicals to maintain specified levels and mixtures in cleaning, dipping, and fluxing tanks.
May be designated according to type of coating applied as Galvanizer, Zinc (galvanizing); Tin
Dipper (galvanizing).
501.685-014 TINNING-EQUIPMENT TENDER (elec. equip.)
Tends equipment that coats preassembled groups of contact
springs for relays and switches: Secures springs with screws, using foot-controlled pneumatic
screwdriver. Loads multispring subassemblies on conveyor of equipment that coats terminals of
subassemblies with tin. Loads solder bars and flux solution into equipment, and sets thermostat
to control temperature of tinning solution.
501.685-018 BLACK OXIDE COATING EQUIPMENT TENDER (electron. comp.) alternate titles: black oxide operator
Tends computerized equipment that applies black oxide
coating to printed circuit board (PCB) panels to prevent electrical contact between layers and to
aid adhesion of layers of multilayer PCB's: Loads PCB panels into racks and positions racks
under equipment crane. Pushes button to activate crane that automatically lifts racks of panels
and immerses racks into series of tanks that coat panels with black oxide. Measures temperature
of solutions with pyrometer and turns equipment knobs and valves to adjust temperature and
regulate liquid volume. Places panels in oven to dry.
501.685-022 ELECTROLESS PLATER, PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD PANELS (electron. comp.) alternate titles: deposition operator
Tends electroless plating equipment that immerses printed
circuit board (PCB) panels into series of chemical tanks to clean, rinse, and deposit metal plating
on panels to improve electrical conductivity and facilitate solder connections in production of
PCB's: Turns valves to fill tanks with solutions to specified levels. Loads panels onto dipping
racks and attaches racks to bar, hoist, overhead crane, or holding fixture. Sets timer for
deposition cycle. Keys data into computer keyboard, presses buttons or pulls levers to activate
equipment that moves racks of panels through tanks, or lowers racks into tanks manually.
Observes gauges and adjusts valves on tanks to maintain required temperature. Removes PCB
upon completion of deposition cycle. May compute length of deposition cycle, using calculator.
May add chemicals to tanks. May be designated according to type of coating applied as Copper
Deposition Operator (electron. comp.).
502 MELTING, POURING, CASTING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with heating metal to change it from a solid to a liquid state, pouring it into a mold or other receptacle and allowing or causing it to solidify.
502.130-010 SUPERVISOR, CASTING-AND-PASTING (elec. equip.)
Coordinates processes, supervises workers, and sets up
machines used to manufacture storage-battery grids and plates: Coordinates hand and machine
operations, such as lead melting, casting and trimming, paste mixing, grid pasting and drying,
and inspection. Sets up machines, such as trimming press and pasting machines. Adjusts stops,
guides, blades and rollers, and changes molds. Inspects in-process or finished parts, such as
grids, connectors, and wet and dry plates to determine conformance to specifications. Observes
gauges, thermometers, temperature controls, and operation of machines and equipment to detect
malfunctions and directs or makes changes to correct defects. Reports mechanical breakdowns to
maintenance department. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry)
Master Title. May be designated according to operation supervised as Supervisor,
Grid-Casting-And-Pasting (elec. equip.); Supervisor, Plate Pasting (elec. equip.).
502.362-010 SHOT DROPPER (ordnance)
Controls kettles at top of shot tower to melt scrap shot, pure
lead, and lead alloys and drops mixture through perforated pans down tower to form shot for
shotgun shells: Computes in pigs and pounds, amounts of pure lead and lead alloys, containing
various percentages of antimony, required to produce mixture of specified antimony content.
Notifies MATERIAL HANDLER (any industry) type and quantity of pigs to load onto conveyor.
Starts conveyor and turns wheel or moves lever to regulate feed rate of lead pigs and scrap shot
into kettle. Observes pyrometers and turns knobs to adjust kettle temperature, according to
specifications. Positions specified $T3shot pan, spreader pan, and cup$T1 in fixture beneath
kettle spout. Turns crank to regulate molten metal flow from kettle into cup. Observes falling
pellets to detect defects, such as irregular shot size, clogged holes in shot pan, and impurities in
lead. Adjusts flow of lead to increase or decrease size of pellets. Adjusts kettle temperature to
burn out impurities. Removes pans and dips pans in kettle to melt clogged lead from perforations
prior to reuse. Shakes shot samples through gauging sieve and estimates production of specified
shot size from percentage of pellets passing through sieve.
502.381-010 CASTER (jewelry-silver.) alternate titles: molder; slush caster
Casts jewelry pieces and ornamental figures for trophies and
plaques from molten lead or zinc: Melts zinc or lead alloy bars in kettle. Assembles sections of
mold and secures mold with C-clamp. Pours molten metal into mold, using hand ladle.
Disassembles mold after specified time and knocks sand from casting, using mallet. Places
jewelry piece or figure in tray to cool.
502.381-014 MOLDER, PUNCH (aircraft mfg.) alternate titles: molder; molder, closed molds
Casts male dies (punches) used in stamping aircraft parts
from sheet metal: Operates hoist to position female dies on foundry floor [MONORAIL CRANE
OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-042]. Clamps metal and plywood strips around die to form
mold. Shapes mold to specified contours with sand, using trowel and related tools. Tilts melting
pot or uses ladle to pour molten alloy (aluminum, lead, zinc) into sand mold. Places metal jig
with anchor bolts attached, or similar insert setup, over mold and into molten metal in prescribed
manner to attach anchor bolts to punch. May smooth dies. May preheat dies, using blowtorch or
other equipment. May apply parting compound to dies. May operate furnaces and ovens.
502.382-010 BULLET-SLUG-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (ordnance) alternate titles: machine-casting operator and adjuster
Operates machine to cast slugs for subsequent swaging into
small arms ammunition bullets: Slides lead pigs and scrap into melting kettle, turns valves to
control fuel-air mixture to furnace and coolant water flow to molds, and starts pump that forces
molten metal through pipes to casting wheels adjacent to kettle. Starts machine and observes
water on heated molds to determine when water sizzles, indicating specified temperature of
molds for production casting. Examines slugs for such defects as fins, out of miter (halves not
matching), partial formation, and pits. Adjusts machine controls and replaces worn and warped
molds to correct malformation of slugs, using handtools. Examines molds, using straightedge
and light, to detect incomplete closure and warpage, and straightens warped molds, using
hand-powered press.
502.382-014 FLUOROSCOPE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal)
Operates fluoroscope to inspect metal castings for hidden
defects, such as excessive porosity and subsurface cracks: Aligns castings on table, lowers
fluorescent screen over castings, and starts machine. Turns dials to adjust fluorescent penetration
depth according to density of metal. Examines reflections of castings on illuminated lid to locate
defects. Realigns castings for cross-sectional views, adjusting dials to new focus points. Rejects
castings not conforming to plant specifications, and places castings aside for salvaging. Notifies
superior of findings. Records number of castings inspected and rejected, using automatic counter.
Submits minometer pencil worn on person to supervisory personnel for reading to ascertain
amount of stray radiation escaping from fluoroscope. May inspect casting for defects, using
magnetic testing machine [INSPECTOR, MAGNETIC PARTICLE AND PENETRANT (any
industry) 709.364-010].
502.384-010 PEWTER CASTER (jewelry-silver.)
Casts pewter alloy to form parts for goblets, candlesticks, and
other pewterware: Places pewter ingots into cauldron and turns controls to heat cauldron to
specified temperature. Stirs molten alloy and skims off impurities, using skimmer. Sands inside
of mold parts to remove glaze residue, using emery cloth; applies new glaze, using paint brush;
and sets mold parts aside to dry. Assembles mold, wraps mold in heat-resistant cloth, and ladles
molten alloy into mold opening. Manually rotates mold to distribute alloy in mold and prevent
formation of air pockets. Strikes mold to separate dried casting from mold, using knocker.
Repeats casting process until specified number of parts are cast. Trims gates and sharp joints
from cast parts, using bandsaw. Carries trimmed castings to storage area. Periodically weighs and
mixes alloy ingredients according to formulas and knowledge of ingredient chemical qualities,
heats mixture to specified temperature, and fills molds to form ingots from which parts are cast.
May cast items, using other equipment, such as temporary molds or casting machines.
502.482-010 CASTER (nonfer. metal)
Operates gas-fired furnace to melt nonferrous metal, such as
aluminum, magnesium, and zinc, and pours molten metal into molds to form castings of items,
such as kitchen utensils, laundry equipment, metal furniture, and power mower housings: Weighs
specified amounts of ingots or scrap and loads metal into furnace. Turns valve to regulate
temperature in furnace. Verifies specified pouring temperature of molten metal, using pyrometer.
Positions and clamps specified mold in holding device. Dips hand ladle into furnace pot and
pours molten metal into mold. Observes light on preset timing gauge which indicates metal in
mold has solidified. Removes casting from mold with handtools, and examines casting for
defects, such as cracks, chips, and missing metal. May transport ladle from furnace to pouring
station, using jib or monorail crane.
502.482-014 CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC (elec. equip.) alternate titles: parts-casting-machine operator
Operates one or more automatic single- or multiple-mold
casting machines to mold storage battery parts, such as grids, connectors, and posts: Loads lead
bars or shovels pig lead and scrap lead into melting kettle. Ignites burners and sets controls to
melt lead and heat molds to specified temperature. Smokes or coats mold with compound to
prevent sticking, using acetylene torch or spray gun. Aligns and adjusts mold halves to ensure
casting of grids according to specified thickness, using handtools. Turns valves to control flow of
lead to ladles and water to mold-cooling sprays. Starts machine that automatically pours
specified amount of lead from ladle into mold. Inspects parts ejected from molds to detect defects
or discolorations, and measures and weighs grids, using fixed gauges and scale, to ensure
conformance to thickness and weight specifications. Adjusts temperatures of lead and molds and
flow of lead or water to correct defects. Removes lead adhering to mold, using brush or scraper.
Skims dross from molten lead, using hand ladle. May operate single-mold machine equipped
with press that automatically trims grids. May repair pipe connections and stitch or replace
conveyor belt, using handtools. May change or adjust molds.
502.482-018 ROTOR CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (elec. equip.) alternate titles: die-casting machine operator
Sets up and operates die press, using demountable dies (dies
with interchangeable parts) to cast motor and generator rotors: Stacks rotor core laminations
[LAMINATION ASSEMBLER (elec. equip.)] and mounts them over keyed mandrel secured to
die base of casting machine. Verifies skew of core slots, using fixed gauge and places die shell
and top plate over assembly and secures with C-clamp. Loads aluminum bar stock into pot-type
furnace. Observes thermocouple dial and turns gas valve to regulate temperature of molten metal.
Lines cylinder pot with asbestos strips and disk to prevent chilling. Pours specified amount of
molten aluminum into cylinder, using hand ladle. Loads die and lamination assembly into press
cavity and closes door. Pulls levers to activate die rams that force molten aluminum through and
around laminations and eject cast rotor from press cylinder. Removes and stamps rotor with
identifying data.
502.664-010 BLAST-FURNACE KEEPER (steel & rel.)
Taps blast furnace to fill ladles with molten metal: Drills
taphole preparatory to tapping, using power hand drill. Positions splasher plate in front of taphole
to prevent splashing of metal when furnace is tapped. Guides point of oxygen lance into drilled
taphole to tap furnace. Opens gates and shutters to direct flow of molten iron onto runners and
into ladles. Plugs taphole after ladles are filled, using mud gun. Assists other workers in breaking
up and removing slag from runners, relining runners with sand, clay, and refractory mixture, and
drying relined runners. Repairs or replaces defective tuyeres, blowpipes, and boshplates in
furnace, using handtools.
502.664-014 STEEL POURER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: caster
Pours molten metal from ladles into molds to form ingots:
Examines molds to ensure that they are clean, smooth, and coated. Signals OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to position pouring nozzle of ladle over
molds. Pulls lever to lift ladle stopper and allow molten steel to flow into ingot molds to
specified height. Replaces defective stoppers, using handtools, sledges, and bars. Signals
STEEL-POURER HELPER (steel & rel.) during steel pouring operation to obtain sample of steel
for analysis, spray water on filled molds, and cap molds. Removes solidified steel or slag from
pouring nozzle, using long bar or oxygen burner.
502.664-018 STEEL-POURER HELPER (steel & rel.)
Assists STEEL POURER (steel & rel.) in pouring molten
metal into molds: Places equipment, such as shovels, water hose, and boards on pouring
platform. Counts molds and caps to ensure specified number for pouring operation. Measures
and marks molds to indicate specified filling heights, using tape and chalk. Weighs specified
additives, and transports additives to pouring platform, using wheelbarrow. Shovels additives
into molds to prevent metal from boiling and forming air bubbles inside ingot. Signals
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to position hot-tops (covers) or
steel plates on filled molds to retard cooling of steel. Pours sample of molten steel into test mold
for laboratory analysis. Sprays mold covers with water to cool covers. Signals OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) to remove covers from molds after steel has solidified.
Removes bricks from ladles that require relining and sets stopper assemblies and nozzles in
relined ladles, using bars, sledge, and handtools. Performs other duties as described under
HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
502.682-010 BULLET-CASTING OPERATOR (ordnance)
Controls automatic equipment to melt and cast lead into
cylindrical billets, and extrude billets into wire for making bullets and cores used in small arms
ammunition: Starts electric furnace, observes gauges, and turns rheostat to maintain specified
temperature and pressure. Charges furnace with lead pigs and scrap of specified alloy, using
conveyor and elevating platform. Skims dross from molten lead with skimming ladle. Turns
wheel to adjust flow of molten lead into mold. Adjusts stroke of billet extractor mechanism,
installs extruding dies, and regulates ram speed and flow of water coolant, using handtools.
Threads extruded wire over pulleys into slug-forming machines or through guide pipes to be
coiled in drums. Verifies wire size with snap gauges to ensure conformity to specifications.
502.682-014 CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal)
Sets up and operates continuous casting machine to produce
tubes and rods: Threads graphite die into bottom of crucible that holds molten metal during
casting process. Places water jacket around die and connects waterlines. Inserts metal bar
(starting tip) through die into crucible to form weld with molten metal. Inserts metal extension
rod through driving rollers and threads rod to starting tip. Regulates speed of rollers to draw
extension rod, starting tip, and molten metal through die in continuous casting process.
502.682-018 CENTRIFUGAL-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (jewelry-silver.) alternate titles: caster
Operates one or more centrifugal-casting machines to cast
metal parts of costume jewelry: Dusts inside of rubber mold with chalkdust compound to
facilitate flow of metal during casting and prevent mold from burning. Fits halves of molds
together and places them on mold setting. Places disks under mold to adjust working pressure.
Positions metal-pressure plate on mold to level mold on machine. Sets dial for specified pressure
and speed of rotation, closes lid, and starts machine. Pours molten metal through funnel into
machine, using ladle. Stops machine and removes mold. Separates halves of mold to remove
casting, using pliers. May cast wax models of jewelry.
502.684-010 LEAD CASTER (elec. equip.) alternate titles: parts caster, hand
Casts lead storage battery parts, such as grids, connectors,
posts, and straps: Installs specified type and size mold on bed of machine, using handtools.
Loads lead bars or shovels pig lead or scrap lead into melting kettle. Ignites burner and sets
controls to melt and heat lead to casting temperature. Coats or smokes faces of mold to prevent
sticking, using spray gun or acetylene torch. Dips ladle into molten metal and pours metal into
mold. Moves lever or strikes knock-out pins with mallet to open mold and release parts. Inspects
parts for cracks, flash, or faulty molding, and adjusts temperature of kettle to correct defects.
Trims edges of parts, using hand scraper or pedal-operated power shear. Cleans mold, using
brush. May change mold inserts and adjust knock-out pins, using handtools and depth gauge.
May position and manually hold one half of mold against other half, pour metal into mold, and
separate mold parts and loosen castings, using soft mallet. May pour lead into molds held in
radial arms of machine that brings molds to worker and discharges castings onto table. May sort
and weigh parts. May be designated according to part cast as Grid Caster (elec. equip.).
502.684-014 MILL HELPER (nonfer. metal) alternate titles: lead-sheet cutter
Mixes specified ingredients with molten lead, pours lead into
molds, and cuts lead slabs to specified dimensions: Charges kettle with materials for melting,
using shovel. Guides crane-supported mixer into kettle, and mixes contents in kettle. Opens
valve permitting molten metal to flow into mold to form slab. Skims surface of bath to remove
impurities, using skimming board. Marks cutting lines on lead sheet, using chalk, steel square,
and tape measure, after ROLLING-MILL OPERATOR (nonfer. metal) has rolled slabs into
sheets of specified thickness. Guides power-driven knife along chalklines to cut sheets to
specified size. Cuts smaller sheets, using portable electric saw or slitting machine. May melt
solidified metal in outlet pipes, using gas torch.
502.684-018 MOLD SETTER (elec. equip.) alternate titles: casting-machine adjuster
Positions and aligns molds used for hand or machine casting
lead parts, such as grids, battery posts, and straps: Positions and secures mold on bed of machine,
using handtools. Adjusts timing mechanism to coordinate flow of lead and coolant to molds.
May oversee workers engaged in hand or machine casting.
502.684-022 NEEDLE LEADER (button & notion) alternate titles: needle molder
Casts needle or thread guide assemblies for use in knitting
machines: Selects size and type of mold according to instructions. Positions needles or thread
guides into mold slots with fingers and closes mold preparatory to casting process. Ladles molten
lead into mold opening to form casting around parts. Removes assembly from mold, using pliers.
Cuts excess lead from assembly and smooths rough edges, using knife, saw, and electric grinder.
May align needles or thread guides, using gauges, hammer, and pliers.
502.685-010 MOLDER, LEAD INGOT (ordnance)
Tends furnace to melt lead-antimony pigs and scrap, and
ladles molten metal into molds: Slides pigs into furnace pot, allowing oil fumes to burn off
melting metal to avoid accumulation of explosive oil vapor-air mixture. Stirs molten metal,
skims dross from surface, and ladles metal into ingot molds. Turns valves to control flow of
coolant water to molds. Inverts molds, when metal is solidified, and knocks ingots loose.
502.685-014 REMELTER (elec. equip.; machinery mfg.; print. & pub.)
Tends furnace that melts scrap metal and casts it into pigs
(bars or ingots) for reuse: Regulates furnace controls to attain specified temperature. Shovels
scrap metal into furnace. Skims dross (scum) from molten metal, using ladle. Turns valve and
allows molten metal to run into molds to form pigs. Removes cooled pigs from mold and stacks
pigs in storage area.
502.686-010 CASTING-MACHINE-OPERATOR HELPER (elec. equip.) alternate titles: grid-casting-machine-operator helper
Assists CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC
(elec. equip.) in molding storage battery grids performing such tasks as removing grids from
machine rails, counting grids, and stacking grids on dollies. Performs other duties as described
under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
502.687-010 BLAST-FURNACE-KEEPER HELPER (steel & rel.)
Assists BLAST-FURNACE KEEPER (steel & rel.) in tapping
blast furnace: Breaks slag from casting equipment, such as slag runners, iron troughs, gates, and
dams, using bars, hammers, and shovels. Relines runners, troughs, gates, and dams with
refractory materials, such as fireclay, sand, and coal dust. Cleans and loads clay gun for plugging
taphole. Removes obstructions in runners during casting operations, using tong bar. Obtains
sample of molten iron during cast, with spoon and pours sample into test mold. Assists in
changing tuyeres, coolers, cinder notches, and blowpipes on blast furnace, using handtools.
Cleans dust, debris, and solidified metal from blast furnace and casting area. Performs other
duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
502.687-014 BUSHER (nonmet. min.)
Pours molten lead into center of grinding wheels to form
bushing: Lights blowtorch under pot to melt lead. Positions grinding wheels on table with shaft
or spindle protruding through center of wheel. Fills area around shaft with molten lead to form
bushing. Cuts excess lead from around edge of bushing, using mallet, chisel, and power reamer.
502.687-018 LEAD-CASTER HELPER (elec. equip.)
Performs any combination of following duties pertaining to
casting of lead storage battery parts: Inspects cast storage-battery parts, such as lead washers,
lugs, connectors, straps, and trimmed grids for holes, warps, discoloration, or other defects, and
segregates rejects for salvage. Cleans excess lead (fins, flashings, and burs) from parts, using
handtools. Stacks acceptable grids and sorts other parts according to type. Shovels pig and scrap
lead into melting kettle. Skims dross from molten metal, using ladle. May tally number and type
of rejects. May be designated according to part processed as Casting Inspector (elec. equip.);
Grid Inspector (elec. equip.); or task performed as Lead-Supply Worker (elec. equip.).
503 PICKLING, CLEANING, DEGREASING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with removing coatings of grease, scale, tarnish, oxide, etc., from metal objects to obtain a clean surface. Cleaning is usually accomplished by subjecting the metal objects to acid baths.
503.137-010 SUPERVISOR, SANDBLASTER (ship-boat mfg.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
sandblasting surfaces of ships in drydock and shop equipment: Confers with planning personnel
to ensure requisition of equipment and materials. Inspects work to ensure conformance to
prescribed standards. Trains new workers. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
503.362-010 PICKLER, CONTINUOUS PICKLING LINE (any industry) alternate titles: cleaner operator; continuous-dryout operator; pickler operator; strip cleaner
Sets up and controls continuous pickling or
electrolytic-cleaning line to remove dirt, oil, and scale from coils of brass, copper, or steel strip
and wire: Turns valve to add acid to processing tanks and shovels inhibitor into tanks to obtain
baths of specified acid concentration. Installs and adjusts guides, pinch and leveler rolls, and side
shears on processing line, according to specified dimensions of coils to be cleaned, using
handtools. Moves controls to regulate speed of coil through line, to shear coil on each side of
weld or stitch, and to remove coil from upcoiler machine. Verifies dimensions of pickled coils,
using micrometer and measuring tapes. Examines surface of coils to verify removal of dirt, oil,
and scale. Tests solution concentration in baths, using titration test equipment, and adjusts
processing line controls to ensure conformance to specifications. May be designated according to
type of line controlled as Electrolytic De-Scaler (any industry).
503.362-014 SHOTBLAST-EQUIPMENT OPERATOR (foundry)
Operates equipment to clean dirt, scale, and core materials
from steel castings with blasts of steel shot: Presses control panel buttons to adjust equipment
settings for manual or automatic operations, length of cycle, sequence and timing of various
operations, and position of oscillator. Moves control to activate tow-mechanism drive to
transport trolley loaded with castings into shotblast chamber, and watches operation to ensure
that hydraulic doors close completely, trolley and oscillator positions are correct, and that air
turbine and shotblast wheels start in sequence. Monitors control panel dials and listens to
equipment operations to detect jams or malfunctions. Stops equipment to clear jams, replace
fallen castings, reposition oscillator, and adjust hydraulic equipment. Notifies machine repairer
when unable to correct malfunction. Greases equipment, maintains hydraulic fluid levels, and
performs minor maintenance, using grease gun and handtools.
503.684-010 CLEANER (ordnance)
Cleans and prepares subassemblies of pistols, rifles, shotguns,
and revolvers for bluing: Disassembles components, such as barrel and ratchet, trigger and
hammer, trigger guard, and back strap. Blows out particles remaining after sand blasting, using
airhose. Places parts in rack or wire basket and immerses parts in degreasing tank to remove oil
and dirt. Mixes alcohol and whitening powder and rubs resultant paste onto gun parts to facilitate
bluing. Wires parts together and attaches them to immersing rod. Blows excess solution from
blued parts with airhose. Inspects parts for nicks, scratches, clearness of trademark, and
cleanness. Reassembles subassemblies, using screwdriver. May pour specified amount of
chemical solution (acid) into degreasing tanks.
503.685-010 COATER (business ser.)
Tends equipment that cleans, coats, and dries baking pans:
Mixes cleaning and glazing solutions according to formula or uses premixed solutions. Places
pans in baskets and immerses baskets in stripping and soaking tanks to remove glaze and
corrosion. Fills spray reservoirs with cleaning and glazing solutions. Removes pans from tanks
and places pans on conveyor that carries pans through sprays that wash and coat surfaces with
glazing solution to reduce need for greasing and to protect them against rust. Turns nozzles to
adjust direction and pressure of sprays. Transfers pans to ovens that dry coating. Turns knobs to
adjust oven temperature according to chart. Removes pans from oven and examines surfaces to
detect defects, such as warpage and uneven coating. Tends hydraulic press to straighten warped
pans. May tend overhead hoist to immerse and transfer pans to and from tanks, conveyors, and
ovens. May load and unload pans from trucks, using handtruck.
503.685-014 DIP-LUBE OPERATOR (ordnance)
Tends tanks to clean lead bullets and coat bullets with wax:
Scoops bullets into perforated drum and immerses bullets in solvent to remove chips and grease.
Immerses bullets into molten wax. Presses buttons on portable control box to rotate drum.
Empties coated bullets onto conveyor belt, closes cover of blower, and starts blower to dry wax
and draw off solvent fumes. Examines bullets for defects, such as malformations, gouges, dents,
or blunted ends. Discards defective bullets. Starts conveyor to dump bullets that conform to
standards into tote boxes. Tests coating solution, using hydrometer, and adds solvent or wax to
maintain specified viscosity.
503.685-018 DRIFTER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: drifting-machine operator
Tends drifting machine that removes scale from inner
surfaces of pipe: Installs specified drift mandrel in machine, using handtools, and inserts pipe
into head of machine. Moves controls to tighten pneumatic grip that holds pipe in position, and
to move mandrel in and out of pipe to loosen scale.
503.685-022 FLAME DEGREASER (automotive ser.)
Tends oven and auxiliary equipment that burn away grease
from used automobile parts preparatory to rebuilding: Ignites gas jets in degreasing oven. Starts
machine conveyor and hangs or places grease-coated parts on moving conveyor that carries them
through oven and deposits them in collecting basket. Shuts off machine when basket is full.
Removes deposited soot and other foreign matter from parts, after parts have cooled, using
rotating power brush.
503.685-026 FURNACE-AND-WASH-EQUIPMENT OPERATOR (ordnance) alternate titles: continuous-washer operator
Tends equipment that cleans and dries metal cartridge parts:
Loads parts into hopper by hand or using hoist. Moves switches to start conveyor system and
rotate open end tumbling barrels that remove oil, scale, and dirt from cartridge parts. Turns steam
and water valves and reads gauges to regulate temperature and level of cleaning solutions in
tanks and to regulate temperature in drying drum. Adds chemicals, such as acids and detergents,
to maintain solutions at specified concentrations. Examines parts at ejection chute to ensure parts
are cleaned and dried according to specifications. May operate electric tier-lift truck to position
containers filled with parts on platform above feed hopper. May tumble parts in metal-drawing
(lubricating) solution prior to drying process.
503.685-030 METAL-CLEANER, IMMERSION (any industry) alternate titles: acid dipper; cleaner; galvanizer; grease remover; neutralizer; pickler; pickling operator; pickling-tank operator; power washer; process treater
Tends equipment that chemically cleans grease, scale, dirt,
and other foreign matter from metal objects to prepare them for processes, such as electroplating
and galvanizing: Removes shavings, dirt, and rust spots from objects, using airhose, file, or
sandpaper. Loads objects on conveyor which carries them through series of chemical and rinsing
baths, or places objects on racks or in containers and immerses objects in chemical and rinsing
solutions, manually or using hoist. Moves controls to start conveyor and to regulate temperature
of solution or conveyor speed. Maintains consistency of cleaning solutions by adding specified
amount of chemical to solutions. Drains, cleans, and refills tanks with chemicals. May dry
objects, using dryer. May examine cleaned objects to ensure conformance to standards. May be
known as Degreaser (any industry); or may be designated according to type of cleaning
equipment as Ultrasonic Cleaner (any industry).
503.685-034 METAL-WASHING-MACHINE OPERATOR (svc. ind. mach.)
Tends machine that washes, rustproofs, and dries metal parts
used in air-conditioners: Turns valves to activate spray washers. Reads dial instruments and turns
valves to adjust pressure. Observes machine operation and loads conveyor line hooks with parts
which are then degreased, rinsed, coated with rustproof film, and dried in oven. Tests solutions in
tanks by placing few drops in test tubes or pipettes, applying chemical reagents and observing
reaction of test sample. Strengthens or dilutes solution as necessary. May perform same tasks on
parts used in manufacture of oil burners.
503.685-038 SANDBLAST OPERATOR (ordnance)
Tends automatic sandblasting machine that cleans grease, oil,
and grit from fragmentation-bomb cavities: Rolls bomb off conveyor into machine cabinet.
Closes door and sets automatic timer at starting position. Pushes button to release pressurized
sand stream into bomb cavity. Stops machine when timer indicates completion of sandblasting.
Opens cabinet and removes bomb.
503.685-042 SANDBLAST-OR-SHOTBLAST-EQUIPMENT TENDER (any industry) alternate titles: bead blasting machine tender; shot-blast tender
Performs any combination of following tasks to tend
equipment that cleans dirt, scale, and other materials from metal objects with blast of abrasive,
such as steel shot, sand, steel grit, or glass beads: Dumps or shovels objects into tumbler and
starts tumbler that exposes surfaces of objects to blast of abrasive and tumbling action. Stacks
objects on racks, places racks in chamber, and starts blast of abrasive. Places objects on moving
conveyor that carries objects under blast of abrasive. Adjusts controls on equipment to regulate
pressure and amount of abrasive blast. Pours or shovels abrasive material into feed hopper to
replenish supply. May tend equipment to harden or strengthen surface of metal parts and be
designated Shot-Peen Operator (any industry).
503.685-046 STRIP-TANK TENDER (ordnance) alternate titles: enthone solder stripper
Tends electrolytic stripping tank to remove excess silver
solder from brazed areas of shotgun barrels: Loads barrels in rack and immerses rack in hot
cleaning solution and rinsing baths, to remove grease and dirt. Lowers rack into electrolytic tank
filled with sodium cyanide solution, using chain hoist. Connects positive charge (anode) to rack
and turns valves to regulate temperature and level of liquid in tank. Turns controls to set timing
cycle and to regulate flow of current through solution. Returns barrels containing excess solder to
tanks for additional treatment. Dips barrels in rinsing tank and immerses them in oil bath to
impart rustproof coating. Tests strength of cleaning and stripping solutions, using hydrometer,
and adds chemicals to solution to maintain specified concentrations.
503.686-010 PICKLER HELPER, CONTINUOUS PICKLING LINE (any industry) alternate titles: continuous-dryout-operator helper
Assists PICKLER, CONTINUOUS PICKLING LINE (any
industry) 503.362-010 in cleaning coils of metal strips and wire: Sets specified spacing between
scale-breaking and straightening rolls and adjusts wipers, brushes, and feed guides, using
handtools. Places metal coil on feed-out reel manually or with hoist and feeds leading edge of
coil into rollers. Moves controls to lock trailing edge of processed coil to leading edge of coil on
feed-out reel to form continuous workpiece. Stacks processed coils on skids. Performs other
duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
503.687-010 SANDBLASTER (any industry) alternate titles: abrasive-blasting equipment operator
Abrades surfaces of metal or hard-composition objects to
remove adhering scale, sand, paint, grease, tar, rust, and dirt, and to impart specified finish, using
abrasive-blasting equipment: Shovels or pours abrasives, such as sand, grit, or shot of specified
grade into machine hopper. Masks specified areas of object to protect from abrading action.
Loads parts on racks in enclosed rooms, into tumbling barrels, or into cabinets. Turns valves on
equipment to regulate pressure and composition of abrasive mixture flowing through nozzle or
into tumbling barrel. Starts equipment that directs blast or flow of abrasive-laden compressed air,
gas, or liquid over surface of parts. Manually directs nozzle over surface of large parts or inserts
arms through glove-fitted cabinet openings and manipulates small parts under nozzle for
specified interval. May examine finished parts to ensure conformance to specifications. May be
designated by type of equipment or abrasive used as Cabinet-Abrasive Sandblaster (any
industry); Shotblaster (any industry).
504 HEAT-TREATING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with subjecting metal to heat, cold, or chemicals to relieve or redistribute stresses and affect such characteristics as hardness, flexibility, and ductility.
504.131-010 HEAT-TREAT SUPERVISOR (heat treating) alternate titles: heat treater, head; supervisor, hardening; supervisor, heat treating
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
hardening, tempering, annealing, and other heat-treating processes to condition metal workpieces
and products, applying knowledge of heat-treating processes and properties and structure of
metals. Conducts metallurgical analyses on metal samples and machine tools. Estimates,
requisitions, and inspects materials. Confers with other supervisory personnel to coordinate
activities of individual departments. Confers with workers' representatives to resolve grievances.
Trains workers. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master
Title.
504.281-010 HEAT-TREAT INSPECTOR (heat treating)
Inspects parts and assemblies before and after heat treating
for conformance to specifications: Examines parts for cleanliness and previous inspection
clearances. Reads control dials, such as pyrometer, at periodic intervals to ensure specified
temperatures and soaking and cooling times are maintained. Examines processed parts for
conformance to specifications, using handtools and precision measuring instruments. Stamps
approved items and writes rejection notices and rework orders on parts not meeting
specifications. May operate equipment to determine hardness of parts and thermal treatment
required to process parts, following blueprint specifications [HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat
treating)].
504.360-010 FLAME-ANNEALING-MACHINE SETTER (heat treating)
Sets up battery of machines that anneal sidewalls of metal
cartridge and shell cases preparatory to further processing: Lights gas burners and turns valves to
regulate flow of gas and coolant water. Starts conveyors and dial feeder plates, and turns
setscrews in burner nozzles to direct flames which anneal specific area of cartridge case.
Replaces worn dial-feed, burner and conveyor parts, using handtools. Instructs new workers in
machine operation. Observes color and area of dullness of annealed cases to determine flame
temperature and coverage of cases. Crushes random samples between fingers to determine degree
of annealing attained. May test cases for hardness [HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat treating)]
and examine cases to determine grain size of metal, using microscope.
504.380-010 FLAME-HARDENING-MACHINE SETTER (heat treating)
Sets up flame-hardening machines for
FLAME-HARDENING-MACHINE OPERATORS (heat treating) according to metallurgical
work order specifications, utilizing knowledge of heat-treating methods and metal properties:
Positions fixture for holding workpiece and fastens fixture to machine, using wrenches. Mounts
workpiece in fixture, on arbor, or between centers of machine. Estimates flame temperature and
heating time cycle based on degree of hardness required and metal to be treated. Moves controls
to light burners and adjust flame of oxyacetylene, propane, or other gas to prescribed
temperature, judging temperature by flame color. Starts automatic feeding or rotating mechanism
that moves part through hardening flame. Tests hardness of sample part [HARDNESS
INSPECTOR (heat treating)]. Adjusts automatic feeding or rotating mechanism and flame
temperature until sample parts meet specifications.
504.380-014 INDUCTION-MACHINE SETTER (heat treating)
Sets up variety of induction machines for
INDUCTION-MACHINE OPERATORS (heat treating) to heattreat metal objects according to
specifications: Reads work order to determine size and grade of workpiece to be processed.
Determines frequency of current, time cycle, and induction heating coil to be used for each job,
using knowledge of induction machines, heat-treating methods, and properties of metals.
Positions and fastens induction coil and fixture on machine, using wrenches. Adjusts controls to
set frequency of current and automatic timer judging from color whether pan is heated to
specified temperature. Positions and fastens part in fixture and starts machine to heattreat sample
part. Tests hardness of sample [HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat treating)]. Adjusts frequency of
current, automatic timer, and fixture on machine until sample meets specifications. May operate
induction machine as part of regular duties.
504.382-010 HARDENER (clock & watch)
Controls furnace to harden, anneal, or temper watch parts:
Presses button to admit gas mixture, forcing air out of furnace and burning mixture at entrance to
prevent discoloration of parts and to maintain carbon content in parts. Places parts in metal
basket or cylinder and inserts parts into furnace according to specified temperature. Advises on
furnace temperatures and heat-treating time periods, and recommends procedures to produce
desired hardness. Quenches pieces with air or oil. May cover parts with charcoal to prevent rapid
heating causing discoloration of parts. May insert thermocouple into furnace and connect
thermocouple to recorder.
504.382-014 HEAT TREATER I (heat treating)
Controls heat-treating furnaces, baths and quenching
equipment to alter physical and chemical properties of metal objects, using specifications and
methods of controlled heating and cooling, such as hardening, tempering, annealing,
case-hardening, and normalizing: Determines temperature and time of heating cycle, and type
and temperature of baths and quenching medium to attain specified hardness, toughness, and
ductility of parts, using standard heat-treating charts, and utilizing knowledge of heat-treating
methods, equipment, and properties of metals. Adjusts furnace controls and observes pyrometer
to bring furnace to prescribed temperature. Loads parts into furnace. Removes parts after
prescribed time and quenches parts in water, oil, brine, or other bath, or allows parts to cool in
air. May test hardness of parts [HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat treating)]. May set up and
operate die-quenching machine to prevent parts from warping. May set up and operate electronic
induction equipment to heat objects [INDUCTION-MACHINE SETTER (heat treating)]. May
align warped fuel elements, containing radioactive uranium, using hydraulic ram straightener.
504.382-018 HEAT-TREATER APPRENTICE (heat treating)
Performs duties as described under APPRENTICE (any
industry) Master Title.
504.387-010 HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat treating)
Tests metal objects to determine their degree of hardness,
using hardness testing equipment: Positions workpiece on anvil of testing machine and turns
controls to press steel ball or diamond point against surface of piece or to allow diamond-pointed
hammer fall on surface to be tested. Measures diameter of indentation caused by steel balls,
using microscope, or reads scale on test equipment that indicates depth of penetration of ball or
diamond point, or calibrated height of hammer rebound. Reads hardness number from calibrated
scale on equipment or converts scale reading to hardness number, using formula or conversion
chart. Important variables may be indicated by trade names of equipment used. May cut cross
section of sample part and examine part under microscope to determine hardness depth.
504.485-010 RIVET HEATER (heat treating)
Tends furnace that heats rivets to specified temperature:
Places specified rivets in gas, oil, or coke furnace, or between electrodes in electric furnace.
Turns knobs to regulate heat or current of furnace. Removes rivets from furnace when color
indicates rivets are heated to specified temperature and throws rivets to RIVETER HELPER (any
industry), using tongs. May tend portable coke furnace to heat rivets in field. May be designated
according to type of furnace tended as Rivet Heater, Electric (heat treating); Rivet Heater, Gas
(heat treating).
504.665-010 SLAB-DEPILER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) alternate titles: table and slab depiler
Tends equipment that transfers steel slabs from conveyor onto
charging table of reheating furnace: Moves controls to transfer slab from conveyor onto depiler.
Measures slab for conformance to specifications, using tape, and compares identifying marks on
slab with information on charging schedule. Pushes levers to lower depiler table and cause
pushoff arm of depiler to push slab onto charging table. Assists furnace crew in cleaning bottom
of furnace and hearth and in positioning slabs in furnace.
504.665-014 CHARGER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) alternate titles: charger; pusher
Tends charging mechanism that moves steel shapes, such as
blooms, billets, and slabs, in specified sequence, through soaking-pit furnace: Signals
CHARGER-OPERATOR HELPER (steel & rel.) 504.686-010 or OVERHEAD CRANE
OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to position steel on furnace skids. Moves levers on
control panel to position skid on entry bed, open furnace door, and start pusher arm that pushes
steel into furnace. Observes inside of furnace, projected on television screen, and moves controls
to spot steel in specified locations. Moves controls to discharge steel onto mill rollers. Records
quantity of steel charged and discharged. Assists other workers in cleaning furnace bottoms and
repairing or replacing defective equipment, using handtools.
504.682-010 ANNEALER (heat treating) alternate titles: normalizer
Controls furnace to relieve internal stresses in metal objects
and to soften and refine grain structure: Reads production schedule to determine processing
sequence and furnace temperatures for objects to be processed. Turns furnace controls and
observes gauges to prepare furnace for annealing process. Charges objects directly onto furnace
bed, or packs objects into section of furnace or tubes sealed with clay to prevent oxidation.
Reduces heat and allows objects to cool in furnace, or removes objects from furnace to cool in
open air. May operate continuous furnace through which objects are passed by means of reels
and conveyors and be designated Continuous-Annealing Furnace Operator (heat treating). May
anneal wire and be designated Pot Annealer (heat treating).
504.682-014 CASE HARDENER (heat treating) alternate titles: carbonizer; carburizer
Controls furnace to harden surface of steel objects, using any
of following methods: (1) Places objects in wire basket and immerses them in heated chemical
bath, such as sodium cyanide. (2) Packs objects in metal boxes filled with carbonaceous material,
such as coke, coal, bone charcoal, or barium carbonate, and charges boxes into furnace. (3)
Charges objects into furnace and opens valves to circulate carbon-rich gas, such as methane,
around objects during heating process. Removes objects from bath or furnace and quenches
objects in oil, water, or brine, or allows objects to cool to predetermined temperature before
quenching, depending on metal properties specified. May be designated according to article
case-hardened as Die Case Hardener (heat treating); or by process used as Cyanide Furnace
Operator (heat treating).
504.682-018 HEAT TREATER II (heat treating)
Controls one or more furnaces to heat treat metal objects
according to specifications: Places parts in racks, trays, or baskets, and places objects on
conveyor or loads objects directly into furnace. Adjusts furnace temperature and observes
pyrometer to heat metal to prescribed temperature. Sets speed of conveyor for prescribed time
cycle, or records removal time of parts to ensure objects attain specified temperature for a
specified time. Removes parts after prescribed time and quenches parts in water, oil, or other
bath, or allows parts to cool in air. May test hardness of parts [HARDNESS INSPECTOR (heat
treating)]. May feed die-quenching machine to prevent parts from warping. May degrease or
remove scale from parts. May draw wire or sheet metal through furnace and attach metal to
winding mechanism that pulls metal through furnace.
504.682-022 HEAT-TREATING BLUER (heat treating) alternate titles: dulite-machine bluer
Operates gas furnace that heats metal gun parts to rustproof
and impart decorative nonreflecting blue finish: Sprays parts with steam to remove grease, grit,
and dirt. Places parts in barrel of gas furnace and covers parts with mixture of bone chips and
whale or pine tar oil. Closes furnace door and moves lever to rotate barrel. Turns gas valves and
observes pyrometer to regulate temperature of furnace. Opens door after furnace cools, and pulls
lever to tilt barrel and dump contents into sieve. Sifts parts from bone mixture and quenches parts
in oil. Blows oil and chips from blued parts, using airhose. Examines parts to ensure shade and
color conform to specifications, utilizing knowledge of heat-treating methods and metal
properties.
504.682-026 TEMPERER (heat treating)
Controls furnace to reheat previously quenched and hardened
metal objects, and quenches them in brine, water, oil, or molten lead to remove quenching strains
and brittleness and to impart toughness to metal.
504.685-010 BASE-DRAW OPERATOR (ordnance)
Tends electric furnace that anneals base sections of hardened
projectile bodies to facilitate subsequent machining operations: Lifts projectile from conveyor
with tongs and fits projectile in holder on machine table. Pushes switch to activate mechanism
that elevates table and thrusts projectile base into furnace unit. Observes dial indicator and
presses button to maintain flow of current according to specifications. Removes projectile when
table descends automatically. Quenches projectile base in water.
504.685-014 FLAME-HARDENING-MACHINE OPERATOR (heat treating) alternate titles: gas-anneal feeder
Tends flame-hardening machine, according to set procedures,
to case-harden metal objects: Positions and fastens part in fixture, on arbor, or between centers of
machine. Presses buttons on control panel to light burners that direct flame against part and start
automatic feeding or spinning mechanism. Observes machine operation and removes finished
part. May anneal metal cartridge or shell cases and be designated Flame-Annealing-Machine
Operator (heat treating).
504.685-018 HEAT-TREATER HELPER (heat treating) alternate titles: bluing-oven tender; draw-furnace tender; furnace feeder; furnace loader; heat-treat puller; tempering-kiln tender
Assists HEAT TREATER (heat treating) I or HEAT
TREATER (heat treating) II in annealing, hardening, or tempering metal objects by performing
any combination of the following duties: Cleans foreign matter, such as scale, rust, or grease,
from metal objects, using solvents, wire brushes, scrapers, or hammer and chisel. Hangs parts on
racks, hooks, or fixture, or places them on handtrucks or conveyors, and charges them into
furnace manually or using hoist. Adjusts controls to maintain specified temperature in furnace.
Immerses objects in chemical bath or places objects in containers and packs carbonaceous
material around them. Quenches heated objects in liquid, such as oil or water. Marks
identification on parts. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master
Title.
504.685-022 INDUCTION-MACHINE OPERATOR (heat treating) alternate titles: electronic induction hardener
Tends electronic induction machine, according to set
procedures, to harden, braze, or anneal metal objects: Positions and fastens part in fixture of
machine. Presses button on control panel to start electric current flowing through induction coil
for prescribed time. May load automatic machine by dumping parts into hopper. May test parts
for hardness, using preset hardness testing equipment, and stamp heat treatment identification
mark on casting, using hammer and punch.
504.685-026 PRODUCTION HARDENER (heat treating) alternate titles: carbonizer; case hardener
Tends battery of molten carbonizing salt bath or
ammonia-methane furnaces that case harden steel objects, such as buckles, screws, wrenches, and
bicycle crank cups: Loads objects by hand into wire basket attached to steel-rod handle.
Immerses basket into chemical bath inside furnace pot or into ammonia-methane furnace. Scoops
salt into furnace pots to maintain bath level or opens valves to inject gases into furnace, and sets
timer. Removes basket from furnace at end of heating cycle and dumps objects into mesh
container submerged in tank of quenching oil. May lift container from quenching tank and dip
container in rinse water. Dumps objects into box or tray. May signal forklift operator to deposit
or extract containers of objects into and from furnaces and quenching and rinse tanks.
504.685-030 REEL-BLADE-BENDER FURNACE TENDER (agric. equip.)
Tends gas oven that heats lawnmower blades preparatory to
bending: Places cold blade on furnace apron and presses pedal to raise furnace door. Positions
blade in slotted rack on furnace bed, using tongs. Removes blade from furnace after specified
time. Lubricates bending machine, using grease gun.
504.686-010 CHARGER-OPERATOR HELPER (steel & rel.)
Assists CHARGER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) in moving
steel blooms, billets, and slabs through soaking-pit furnace: Straightens steel on furnace skids
and roller conveyor, using bar. Places separators between steel shapes and marks identifying
information on shapes. May cut, transport and store trial bars in bins. Performs other duties as
described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
504.686-014 FURNACE HELPER (heat treating)
Performs any combination of following tasks near heat-treat
furnace: Transfers metal slabs, plates, sheets, and fabricated forms from tables and conveyors to
furnace cars and trays, using hoist, handtruck, tractor or by hand. Loads and unloads material
from heat-treating, and process-chamber furnaces. Feeds metal into straightening rolls. Breaks
lumps of sludge from furnace pots, using airhammer, and shovels sludge into crushing machine.
Cuts, identifies, and marks samples, using shear and crayon. Verifies dimensions with tape and
micrometer. Separates scrap for remelt according to marking. May feed metal rods from coils
into furnace, using hoist, and wind rods into coils as rods emerge from furnace, using winding
mechanism.
504.686-018 HARDENER HELPER (clock & watch)
Assists HARDENER (clock & watch) in hardening and
tempering watch parts, maintaining flow of work into and out of department, and cleaning and
packaging finished work. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry)
Master Title.
504.686-022 HEAT TREATER (electron. comp.)
Feeds and off bears furnace that heats semiconductor wafers
to relieve stress caused by sawing and to stabilize resistivity: Transfers wafers from storage
container to quartz $T3boat.$T1 Places boat on conveyor belt that automatically moves wafers
through furnace. Removes boat from conveyor belt at furnace exit. Transfers wafers from boat to
storage container after cooling. Records production information on work order.
504.687-010 ANNEALER (jewelry-silver.) alternate titles: heat treater
Heat treats jewelry fittings to soften fittings for further
processing, using electric or gas furnace: Sets automatic controls to specified temperature. Fills
steel tray with fittings and places fittings in oven, using tongs. Removes tray after specified time
and immerses fittings in water. May clean oxide and scale from fittings by immersing fittings in
chemical and water baths. May heat treat ingots, using Bunsen burner or torch, and immerse
ingots in alcohol to restore ingot malleability. May open and close gas valves, ignite and
extinguish gas flames, and set time clock alarm for heating and cooling periods.
505 METAL SPRAYING, COATING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with covering the surfaces of objects with metal or an accretion of metal and adjuncts in molten or semimolten form usually by brushing, spraying, immersing, or coating processes.
505.130-010 SUPERVISOR, METALIZING (any industry)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
spraying protective metal coatings on metal to prevent corrosion and to build up surfaces of worn
or damaged metal parts: Analyzes work orders, workpieces, and blueprints to determine process,
materials, and sequence of operations required to coat metal. Sets up machine tools and metal
spray guns to perform special or experimental operations. Trains workers in operation of
equipment. Examines finished pieces for conformity to specifications. Directs workers in
processes, such as degreasing, sandblasting, welding and brazing, metal spraying, and
machining. Inspects malfunctioning of machines and equipment to determine need for repair.
Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
505.130-014 SUPERVISOR, VACUUM METALIZING (any industry)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
vacuum metalizing of glass, plastic, or metal objects, applying knowledge of vacuum metalizing
processes, equipment, and procedures: Computes time and pressure specifications for
VACUUM-METALIZER OPERATORS (any industry). Observes operations to detect
malfunction. Sets up and operates equipment to perform experimental work. Trains workers in
operation of equipment. May insert filaments into holders on rack, fill oil tanks of pumps, and
examine gauges for malfunction to prepare vacuum metalizing equipment for operation. May
position spray nozzles and turn knobs to synchronize conveyor speed, electric-eye action, and
temperature and blower action of drying oven to set up automatic spray-painting equipment. May
repair and maintain tools and machinery. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
505.380-010 METAL SPRAYER, MACHINED PARTS (any industry) alternate titles: flame-spray operator; metalizer, machined parts; metal-spray operator
Sets up and operates flame-spray equipment and machine
tools to build up worn parts, such as crankshafts, motor shafts, clutch plates, and piston rods, and
to salvage defective machined parts, according to specifications: Washes object with solvents, or
heats object with torch or in furnace to remove impurities, such as grease or paint. Operates
machines, such as engine lathes and external grinders, to undercut or groove surface of object.
Cleans and roughens surface of object in sand or shotblast cabinet [CABINET-ABRASIVE
SANDBLASTER (any industry) 503.687-010] or by electrobonding process. Preheats object for
spraying, using oxyacetylene torch or metalizing gun. Sprays metal or other material on object by
either of following methods: (1) Positions and clamps metalizing gun to engine lathe carriage.
Selects nozzle to accommodate size of wire to be sprayed and screws nozzle into place on
metalizing gun. Inserts wire to be sprayed into rear of gun and through feed rollers and nozzle.
Connects hoses from gun to air compressor and tanks of oxygen and fuel gas, such as acetylene.
Turns knobs to synchronize speed of wire feed, air pressure, flow of oxygen and fuel indicated
on dials to specifications computed from data charts. Installs gears in lathe and turns knobs to
synchronize rotating speed of chuck and movement of carriage with rate of spray to achieve
specified coating on workpiece. Ignites gases to melt wire and presses button or trigger to release
compressed air which atomizes and sprays molten metal onto workpiece. (2) Pours specified
powder of metal or other material, such as ceramics, into hopper mounted on metalizing gun.
Selects nozzle according to type of powder to be used and screws nozzle into place on gun. Turns
dials and valves to synchronize feeding rate of powder and flow of oxygen and fuel gas,
according to type of powder used. Ignites gases and presses button or trigger to start flow of
powder which is atomized and sprayed onto workpiece. Heats object with torch or in
heat-treating furnace to fuse coatings, and cools object slowly to prevent cracking. Measures
object, using measuring instruments, such as micrometers, gauges, and calipers, to determine
conformance to specifications. Operates portable metalizing gun to fill cracks, holes, and apply
coating to restore flat or irregular surfaces of machined, forged, or cast objects to original
dimensions. May operate machines, such as engine lathes, turret lathes, or precision grinders, to
machine-coat objects to original specifications. May spray protective coatings of
corrosion-resistant metal onto metal objects. May tend portable air compressors, sandblasting
guns, and set up metalizing gun on lathes in customers' plants to repair damaged, worn, or
improperly machined parts. May be designated according to type of metalizing equipment used
as Thermospray Operator (any industry).
505.382-010 METAL-SPRAYING-MACHINE OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC I (any industry) alternate titles: flame-spraying-machine operator, automatic; metalizing-machine operator, automatic
Sets up and operates metal spraying machine to bond
protective or decorative coatings to metal objects: Positions workpieces into holding fixtures of
conveyor. Attaches nozzle onto spray gun and positions gun at specified distance from
workpiece. Connects hoses from gun to air compressor and fuel tanks. Threads end from roll of
specified wire through gun. Turns knobs and levers to synchronize speed of wire feed, air
pressure, and specified flow of oxygen and fuel. Turns knobs and installs gears to set conveyor
speed and holding device. Ignites gun to melt emerging wire at nozzle and presses button or turns
handle to release compressed air which atomizes and sprays molten metal onto surface of
workpiece. Inspects workpieces for coating defects and removes finished pieces from conveyor.
May install gears to accommodate larger workpieces. May operate sandblasting equipment to
roughen and clean surface of workpieces [SANDBLASTER (any industry)]. May preheat
workpieces in oven. May be designated according to type of equipment used as
Metal-Spraying-Machine Operator, Crucible Gun (any industry).
505.382-014 WELDING-ROD COATER (elec. equip.)
Controls variety of machines to mix, dip, grind, and bake flux
onto electric welding rods: Operates bandsaw to cut welding rod stock to specified length. Pours
flux ingredients into mixing machine and starts machine. Measures specific gravity of flux
mixture, using hydrometer. Pours flux into hydraulic dipping machine. Places rods in dip holding
rack and turns end bolt to secure rods, using wrench. Slides rack into dipping machine and
adjusts temperature and humidity gauges, according to work order specifications. Removes and
places dipped rods on drying rack to dry. Operates grinding machine to remove excess flux from
coated rod tips. Bakes coated rods in drying oven for specified period of time. Operates marking
machine to print identification code on rods as specified. Cleans equipment, using water hose and
scraper.
505.482-010 PASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (elec. equip.) alternate titles: grid-pasting-machine operator
Operates pasting machine and dryer to apply specified
amount of lead-oxide paste onto grids used in making storage battery plates: Stacks grids or
multiple-grid panels on bench or in automatic feeding device. Adjusts shoes (guides) on pasting
machine to size of grid, using handtools. Adjusts scraper blade (wiper) and roller, according to
thickness specified for plate, using wrenches. Hoists carts of paste into position near machine and
shovels paste into hopper. Starts machine that automatically feeds grids or manually places grids
between shoes. Weighs wet plates on scale and changes elevation of scraper to produce plate of
specified weight. Installs device (pyramid) in machine that prevents pasting of center strip of
panels and determines width of plates. Sets temperature of dryer. Cleans machine. Changes
conveyor belts or cheesecloth cover on roller, using handtools. May tend machine that breaks
finished double-grid plates into single units. May segregate defective plates, stack acceptable
plates in box, and set aside for curing period. May clean edges and lugs of plates, using wire
brush. May mix lead-oxide powders, water, and acids into paste.
505.682-010 SPRAYER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls metal spraying machine and melting furnace to coat
carbon anodes with molten aluminum for use in reducing pots: Sets furnace temperature control
dial at desired level and checks level of molten aluminum in furnace. Adjusts flow of compressed
air through spray nozzle and hydraulic tilt of furnace and turntable. Presses button on control
panel to move monorail trolley holding anode assembly onto turntable of spray machine. Starts
hydraulic system that lowers turntable and anode to bottom of spray pit. Starts flow of
compressed air through nozzle that sprays specified amount of molten metal onto rotating anode.
Repositions furnace in original position, stops equipment, and hoists anode assembly onto
monorail conveyor for movement to loading station. Cleans aluminum overspray from sides and
bottom of pit and places residue in container for reuse. Skims slag from molten aluminum in
furnace to remove impurities.
505.684-010 ELECTROLESS PLATER (any industry)
Coats small steel valve parts, crystal slices used in making
semiconductors, or related materials with nickel plate, using nonelectric dipping process: Fills
dip tank with nickel salt solution and sets controls to maintain specified temperature. Fills basket
with parts to be plated or mounts slides bearing crystal slices on holding fixture, and lowers
materials into plating tank. Determines time parts remain in bath, using knowledge of process
and thickness of plating desired. Removes parts when process is completed. Gauges parts
frequently with micrometers to see that specified tolerances are maintained. Adds plating
solution or refills tanks, as necessary, to complete plating process. May immerse materials in
leaching or cleaning solution preparatory to plating.
505.684-014 METAL SPRAYER, PRODUCTION (any industry)
Sprays variety of objects, such as valves, clutch plates, and
cylinder linings, on production basis, to coat them with specified thickness of metal: Cleans and
roughens surface of object in sand or shotblast cabinet [CABINET-ABRASIVE
SANDBLASTER (any industry)]. Fastens objects in fixture or between bench centers. Preheats
object for spraying, using oxyacetylene torch or metalizing gun. Moves controls to set specified
rate of wire feed and flow of oxygen and fuel gases through metalizing gun. Ignites gases to melt
wire and presses button or trigger to release compressed air which atomizes and sprays molten
metal onto workpiece. Manually directs spray over object to apply coating of specified thickness.
May spray metal objects with soft solder preparatory to assembly and be designated Solder
Sprayer (any industry).
505.685-010 BROWNING PROCESSOR (ordnance)
Tends equipment that imparts decorative bluing or
brown-black color, and hard, corrosion resistant surface to gun barrels: Mixes solution of acids
and metallic salts, according to formula. Places barrels on conveyor that passes through coloring
tanks, electrical drying, and preheating oven into steam chamber where controlled temperature
and humidity promote oxidation. Rinses barrels in boiling water and holds them against wire or
fiber brush wheel to remove loose rust particles and produce satin finish. Repeats rusting and
brushing cycle until color of barrel conforms to specified standards. Swabs browned barrels with
rust-preventing oil, using rag or sponge.
505.685-014 METAL-SPRAYING-MACHINE OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC II (any industry) alternate titles: sprayer
Tends automatic or semiautomatic metal spraying machine
that bonds protective or decorative coatings to metal objects, such as clutch plates and valves, on
production basis: Loads objects on conveyor or places them in fixture. Sets controls on panel to
regulate such functions as conveyor speed, rate of wire or powder feed, flow of compressed air
and fuel gas, and starting and stopping of spray. Starts machine and observes operation to detect
malfunctioning of equipment.
505.685-018 VACUUM-METALIZER OPERATOR (any industry) alternate titles: vapor coater
Tends vacuum metalizing equipment that deposits decorative
or protective coating of specified metal on metal, glass, or plastic objects: Hooks or clamps
articles onto rack. Positions pieces of coating metal over heating filament on rack. Positions rack
in vacuum chamber, manually or using hoist. May plug in electrical connection or filaments.
Connects gear to motorized jig that rotates rack inside chamber. Closes door and turns handles to
seal chamber. Turns handwheel and starts pump to remove air from chamber. Starts booster and
high vacuum pumps, and observes dials to obtain specified state of vacuum in chamber. Pushes
button to heat filament which vaporizes coating metal and deposits it as film on objects on rack.
Turns off electric current after specified time and turns handwheel to permit air to enter chamber.
Opens door, removes rack, and lifts coated objects onto truck or dolly.
509 OCCUPATIONS IN PROCESSING OF METAL, N.E.C. This group includes occupations, not elsewhere classified, concerned with molding, casting, coating, conditioning, or otherwise processing metal.
509.130-010 SUPERVISOR, POWDERED METAL (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
mixing and pressing metal powders, and in sintering, coining, impregnating, and inspecting
powdered metal products, applying knowledge of powdered metal properties, press and furnace
operation, and sintering and impregnating processes. Trains workers in setup of machines and
equipment. May set up briquetting and coining presses and sintering furnaces. Performs duties as
described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
509.130-014 SUPERVISOR, POWER-REACTOR (chemical)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
controlling nuclear reactors to produce plutonium and steam: Observes panel control board
indicators to ensure operation of reactors conforms to government and company safety
regulations. Analyzes instrumentation data to determine equipment adjustments. Trains new
workers. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
509.132-010 SUPERVISOR, SOAKING PITS (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
heating and soaking steel ingots preparatory to rolling in blooming and slabbing mills: Prepares
schedule for charging and drawing steel into and from preheating and soaking pits. Directs
workers in charging ingots into pits and in heating and drawing operations. Inspects furnaces and
equipment to determine necessary maintenance. Trains workers in mill operations. Performs
other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
509.362-010 MIXER OPERATOR, HOT METAL (steel & rel.)
Operates machine to mix various charges of molten metal and
maintain metal at specified temperature for use in converters and furnaces: Moves controls to
raise lid of mixer and signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to
pour metal from transfer ladle into mixer. Turns controls to adjust fuel and air mixture to mixer
burners to maintain specified temperature in mixer, and to rotate arm that mixes molten metal.
Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) to position ladle for receiving molten
metal from mixer for delivery to converters or furnaces. Moves controls to tilt mixer and fill
ladle. Inserts long-handled spoon in ladle to obtain sample of molten metal and pours sample into
mold for laboratory analysis. Repairs mixer lining, using refractory materials and handtools.
509.382-010 COATER OPERATOR (any industry)
Operates roll-coating machine and auxiliary equipment to
coat coils of sheet metal, flat metal blanks, or fabricated metal parts with paint, vinyl plastic, or
adhesive film: Positions coiled metal strip on mandrel of feed reel or places metal blanks onto
feed carriage of machine. Feeds coils of sheet metal into take-up rolls of stitching machine. Starts
stitching machine that staples strips together to form endless metal strip. Turns control dials of
machines to regulate speed of metal strip, temperature of drying ovens, and flow of chemicals
that maintain specified viscosity of solutions in cleaning tanks. Mixes paint or coating solution to
specified viscosity and starts equipment to pump mixture into machine reservoir. Turns setscrews
to adjust distance between coating rollers that control thickness of coating. Measures thickness of
coating to test viscosity, using wet film gauge. Starts pump that fills printing machine reservoir.
Adjusts printing cylinder that prints designs on painted metal strip and hydraulic pressure valve
of laminating machine that applies plastic vinyl or adhesives to heated metal strip. Turns valve to
control spray of water in quenching process that tempers paint, adhesives, or plastic vinyl.
Presses pedal of shear machine to cut metal strips. Pushes reel lever to rewind coated metal strip
into coil. Examines coated metal workpieces for defects, such as air bubbles or uncoated
surfaces.
509.382-014 DENTAL-AMALGAM PROCESSOR (nonfer. metal) alternate titles: special-machine operator
Operates machines to process dental-amalgam and tests
amalgam with interferometer: Anneals ingot of tin, copper, and silver to obtain specified
molecular characteristics [ANNEALER (heat treating)]. Cuts ingot into chips of uniform size,
using engine lathe. Pours chips into hopper of grinder and starts machine to grind chips into
microgranules of specified size. Loads granules into elutriator and turns valve to regulate flow of
water that forces granules through sieves to separate granules, according to size. Loads moist
granules in drying machine or oven. Mixes specimen quantity of alloy with mercury, using
amalgamator machine or mortar and pestle, and packs mixture into mold. Removes amalgam
from mold and places amalgam between glass panels of instrument. Counts black bands
appearing within circle of instrument and informs supervisor of number of bands.
509.384-010 CASE PREPARER-AND-LINER (ordnance)
Cleans rocket-motor cases and lines them with heat-resistant
coatings by performing any combination of following tasks: Moves motor cases through various
process stations of building, using hoist and conveyor system. Attaches and removes special
handling devices (handling rings) on motor cases, using wrenches and other handtools or
portable power tools. Immerses case in chemical bath for specified period to remove protective
coatings or contaminants. Wipes solution from inside of case, using cloth. Removes chemical
film from surface of case, using sandblasting equipment [SANDBLASTER (any industry)].
Paints outside of motor case, using spray gun. Bakes motor case in drying oven. Lowers motor
case onto bed of lining machine. Connects turntable to end of motor case, using wrenches. Starts
machine which rotates case and sprays heat-resistant material on inside of case. Examines
coating for voids or other defects. Conveys lined motor case to curing oven. Observes recording
instrument charts on control panel of curing oven to verify specified temperatures and curing
time. Lowers cured cases onto skids and covers ends with paper and gummed tape.
509.462-010 ALODIZE-MACHINE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal)
Sets up and operates machine that coats flat sheet or coiled
metal to specified color and finish: Mixes $T3alodize$T1 solution in tank of machine, according
to formula. Places container of solution sample under test tube and reads gauge to determine
solution concentration. Sets up machine rolls and guides, using handtools and micrometer. Turns
dial and observes gauge to heat solution to specified temperature. Operates hoist to place sheets
on machine feed carriage or to lift coil onto machine spindle. Feeds sheets or end of coil into
machine rolls. Adjusts controls to maintain machine speed and temperature of solution to obtain
specified color and coverage of metal.
509.485-010 COMPOUND MIXER (tinware) alternate titles: coating mixer
Tends agitator machines that mix compounds used to line and
coat tin cans: Measures and pours specified amounts of concentrates and solvents into barrel of
solution, using measuring can. Lowers agitator into barrel and starts machine to mix solution.
Tests viscosity of solution with viscosimeter and adds solvent or concentrates to obtain specified
consistency. Starts pump that forces mix from barrel into storage tank and through feed lines into
coating machine reservoirs. Raises and stacks barrels on racks, using chain hoist, and transports
them to mixing room with handtrucks. Keeps stock control records.
509.485-014 SHOT POLISHER AND INSPECTOR (ordnance)
Tends equipment in shot tower that segregates, routes, blends,
and polishes shot (lead pellets) used in shotgun shells: Starts bucket elevator that conveys newly
formed pellets to shot tower and into screening drums that remove oversize and undersize pellets.
Turns crank to adjust angle of glass plates over which screened shot is rolled to remove
out-of-round pellets, using graduated measuring stick to verify pitch. Pulls levers and chains to
direct flow of shot into sieves, polishing barrel, and storage bins, or into scrap bin for remelting.
Connects Y-pipe between specified bins and polishing barrel, starts barrel rotating, and opens bin
valves to blend full and off-size shot by flowing shot together in Y-pipe. Weighs sample of
mixed shot at designated intervals and counts total number of pellets in sample, using pellet
counting plate. Measures size of pellets, using pellet measuring stick, and counts number of each
size to determine average size. Rolls pellets under dial micrometer to ascertain roundness of
pellets. Turns valves by trial and error to obtain shot blend that conforms to specifications.
Records results of tests.
509.565-010 KILN OPERATOR (steel & rel.)
Tends battery of rotary kilns that heat minerals, such as lime,
chrome ore, and manganese, preparatory to mixing minerals with molten metal to form steel:
Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to deliver specified type
and amount of material to kiln feedbox. Pushes switches to start kiln rotating and conveyors
feeding materials from feedbox to kiln. Ignites burners under kiln and moves controls to attain
specified temperature in kiln. Pulls lever to dump heated material into steel box on platform
scale. Weighs and records weight, type, and amount of material heated.
509.566-010 MIXER OPERATOR HELPER, HOT METAL (steel & rel.)
Assists MIXER OPERATOR, HOT METAL (steel & rel.)
509.362-010 to mix molten metal: Attaches electrical connections to torpedo-ladle car and
pushes controls to tilt car and pour metal into hot-metal transfer ladle. Signals OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to pour molten iron from ladle into mixer.
Records tare weight of torpedo-ladle car. Knocks solidified slag from pouring spout and rim of
hot-metal ladle, using hammer and bar. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any
industry) Master Title.
509.584-010 TEST PREPARER (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.) alternate titles: sampler; steel sampler; test assembler; test carrier
Collects samples of materials, such as scrap iron and ore, and
products, such as metal sheets, rails, tubes, and bars, and prepares samples for physical analysis,
using grinders, crushers, drill press, power saws and milling machine. Identifies samples and
routes samples to laboratory for analysis. Records test data and type and amount of samples
tested.
509.666-010 COMPOUND-COATING-MACHINE OFFBEARER (tinware) alternate titles: end packer
Removes tin can ends from discharge rack of coating
machine: Inspects rubber base coating compound on can ends and ring-pull for conformity to
specifications. Notifies PUNCH-PRESS SETTER (any industry) of machine jam or defects in
can ends. Packs ends in cartons or paper bags and places containers on pallet.
509.684-010 ENAMELER (plumbing-heat.) alternate titles: enamel drier
Sprays finish coat of enamel onto cast-iron sanitary units,
such as bathtubs and sinks and bakes unit to provide permanent finish: Wheels units into furnace
for preheating, using steel fork mounted on overhead conveyor. Observes color of unit through
window in furnace to determine when desired temperature has been reached. Removes unit from
furnace and sprays powdered enamel over it, using pneumatic gun. Returns unit to furnace to
fuse and glaze enamel, repeating heating and enameling process until unit is coated without
discolorations, blisters, or pinholes.
509.685-010 ALODIZE-MACHINE HELPER (nonfer. metal)
Tends machine that rewinds metal coils processed by
ALODIZE-MACHINE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal) and assists in coating metal sheets and
coils: Places cardboard core on rewinding arbor and starts end of coil around core. Pulls levers to
start rewinder. Cuts material to specified lengths, using hand shear. Tapes loose end and removes
coil from rewinder, using hoist. Lifts sheets from discharge end of machine and stacks finished
sheets onto skid. Places coil on unwinding equipment and threads coil end through machine,
preparatory to alodizing process. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any
industry) Master Title.
509.685-014 BRANNER-MACHINE TENDER (galvanizing)
Tends equipment that applies bran or mixture of sawdust and
lime to tin plate surfaces to remove palm oil from plates: Moves controls and valves to regulate
speed of conveyor and feed mechanism and adjust flow of soda ash solution to wash unit.
Observes operation to detect faulty feeding of plates into units that brush plate surfaces with bran
and wash residue from plates. Replenishes exhausting supply of bran in hopper. Inspects plates to
ensure removal of palm oil from plates.
509.685-018 BURNING-PLANT OPERATOR (ordnance)
Tends furnace that heats scrapped small arms ammunition to
explode powder and reclaim lead and brass: Pulls trucks of tote boxes from storage area to
furnace hoppers. Scoops or dumps primers or loaded cartridges into hopper. Shovels exploded
primers from furnace floor or skims cartridge and bullet cases from surface of molten lead, using
skimming tool, and deposits them in containers, according to type of metal. Ladles molten lead
from furnace pot into pig molds. Carries cooled pigs to storage area and stacks them on skids.
May burn waste powder in open pit by dumping it onto wood fire, using remote-control trolley.
509.685-022 CERAMIC COATER, MACHINE (any industry) alternate titles: ceramic plater
Tends machine that coats metal objects with ceramic
material: Places workpiece on rack, observing reflection in mirror below rack to determine when
surface to be coated is exposed. Closes machine door and presses button to start rack revolving
and initiate coating cycle. Observes gauges and turns valves to maintain specified flow through
coating nozzle. Fills reservoir with ceramic material and turns valves on hydrogen supply tanks
to maintain flow of gas to machine. Removes coated parts, blows away excess material with
airhose, and places parts in container.
509.685-026 GETTERING-FILAMENT-MACHINE OPERATOR (light. fix.) alternate titles: getterer; getter operator
Tends machine that sprays or dips tungsten wires with
chemical (getter) used to burn off residual air and moisture in electric light bulbs: Fills receptacle
of machine with getter. Starts machine that sprays or dips getter onto tungsten filaments.
Observes application of getter to ensure uniformity and to prevent distortion. May weigh
specified quantity of filaments and calculate number, using slide rule and known weight of single
unit. May place tray with coated filaments in oven to dry.
509.685-030 IMPREGNATOR (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.)
Tends vacuum or pressure tank that impregnates
powdered-metal parts with lubricating oil or molten plastic: Pours impregnating material into
tank. Sets controls of heating unit to attain specified temperature of solution. Places containers of
parts in tank and closes cover. Observes gauge and turns valves to attain specified pressure or
vacuum in tank. Closes valves after specified time, and removes finished parts from tank.
509.685-034 LACQUER-DIPPING-MACHINE OPERATOR (button & notion)
Tends battery of machines that dip metal buttons, buckles,
and related parts into lacquer: Pours lacquer into tank to indicated level. Hangs racks of parts
over lacquer tank, and starts machine that automatically dips buckles into lacquer and raises them
over tank to drip dry. Lifts racks from machine to handtruck and transports racks into drying
oven.
509.685-038 LUBRICATING-MACHINE TENDER (ordnance)
Tends tumbling machine that sprays small arms cartridge
parts with lubricating solution and dries them preparatory to drawing operations: Empties
containers of parts into hopper, manually or using electric hoist. Turns handwheel to regulate
spray of lubricating solution. Reads gauges and adjusts steam valves or electrical controls to
maintain specified drying temperature within drum. Positions empty container at discharge chute
to receive dried parts and removes filled container, using handtruck.
509.685-042 LUBRICATOR-GRANULATOR (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.)
Tends machines that lubricate, granulate, and pelletize
metallic powder: Pours specified amount of powder and lubricants into mixing machine. Starts
machine that mixes powder with lubricants for specified length of time. Pours mixture into trays
and places mixture in drying ovens. Dumps lubricated and dried powder into hopper of
granulator-screener machine. Starts machine that granulates and screens powder. Pours screened
powder into jars. Dumps specified amounts of lubricated and screened powder in glass
pellet-rolling jars and screws covers on jars. Places jars on rack of rolling machine and starts
machine that forms powder into pellets. Separates pellets according to size and places them in
jars.
509.685-046 SCRAP BALLER (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.)
Tends machine that winds metal scrap into balls for salvage:
Hooks end of scrap onto reel of machine, using hook or handtool. Starts machine that rotates reel
and winds scrap into ball of specified size. Turns lever to eject wound ball from machine. Signals
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to lower sling, and hooks ball
onto sling for removal from work area. Ties ball with wire to prevent unraveling. May grade
scrap according to alloy content. May turn reel, manually to wind scrap. May cut scrap metal,
using power shear. May weigh scrap metal, using floor scale.
509.685-050 SCRAP HANDLER (any industry)
Tends machines, such as baling machine, centrifugal
separator, and oil purifier to salvage metal parts and cutting oil: Loads and moves barrels or
crates of metal chips, shavings, or clippings from machining operations, using handtruck. Dumps
metal scrap into baling machine and activates machine to compress scrap into bales. Binds bales
of metal scrap with wire or metal strapping. Shovels scrap in spinner bucket. Clamps covers, sets
timer, adjusts sump pump and oil line valves, and flips switches to start automatic cycle of
centrifugal machine that spins metal scrap to separate cutting oil from scrap. Starts centrifugal oil
purifier that filters foreign matter from used cutting oil to make oil reusable. Disassembles
rejected devices and materials, such as thermostats, valves, conduit, and connectors, using
handtools, arbor press, vises, and power hacksaw. Sorts parts according to type of metal or part.
Weighs bales and barrels of scrap metal and ties identification tags on scrap. May oversee and
demonstrate salvaging procedures to other SCRAP HANDLERS (any industry).
509.685-054 TANK TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that refines silver in electrolysis tank:
Suspends silver anodes contained in canvas bags, between stainless-steel cathodes held on rack.
Aligns and spaces anodes to prevent dislodging by mechanical scrapers. Swabs cathodes with oil
to facilitate removal of deposited silver. Lowers rack of electrodes into tank and fills tank with
silver nitrate electrolyte. Connects and starts wooden scrapers that scrape deposited silver from
cathode. Scrapes remaining silver from cathode with knife and opens bottom of rack to empty
silver into box. Removes bags containing depleted anodes and black mud. Examines bags for
holes and broken frames and replaces defective parts. May mix acid and silver to prepare
electrolyte solution, following standard formula.
509.686-014 PASTING-MACHINE OFFBEARER (elec. equip.)
Removes battery plates from discharge conveyor of automatic
equipment on which twin battery grids are pasted, dried, and broken apart into single grids:
Removes and discards grids having defects such as bent, cracked, or unevenly pasted plates.
Stacks specified number of finished plates on rack or dolly. Records number and type of rejected
plates.
509.686-018 SCRAP SORTER (nonfer. metal) alternate titles: picker
Sorts scrap metal and removes foreign matter preparatory to
use in recasting: Shovels metal scrap onto conveyor leading to magnetic drum that removes iron
and steel pieces. Removes contaminating nonferrous metals, manually. May sift scrap to remove
excess dirt and rust, using wire sifting tray. May remove inserts from defective castings, using
gas torch, tongs, and pliers, and be designated Salvager, Inserts (nonfer. metal).
509.687-010 BOTTOM MAKER (steel & rel.)
Relines bottoms of ingot-soaking pits with coke dust to retard
formation of oxide scale on hot ingots: Digs out molten metal, slag scale, and cinder from
bottoms of pits, using flat-pointed bar, and scrapes debris into ladle. Shovels coke dust into pit,
using bar to level bottom surface. May change crane tong bits, using sledgehammer.
509.687-014 PORCELAIN-ENAMEL LABORER (any industry) alternate titles: check-and-transfer beader
Performs any combination of following tasks, usually on
conveyor line, in porcelain enameling process: Brushes or scrapes dry porcelain from holes and
designated areas of workpiece, using powered or hand brushes and scraping tools. Inspects
enameled workpiece and sands workpiece to remove dirt, blisters, and lumps. Brushes porcelain
into nicks. Marks workpiece to indicate routing for further repair or processing. Removes excess
enamel from dipped parts with cloth, finger, or suction hose. Marks workpiece with production
number, unit number, or other code. Loads or unloads workpieces from conveyor line. Cleans
workpiece with solvent and hangs workpiece on rack to dry preparatory to dipping in enamel.
May immerse workpiece in porcelain enamel solution. May transport workpiece to work or
storage areas, using handtruck.
509.687-018 STRINGER (jewelry-silver.)
Strings jewelry articles on wire or hangs articles on racks
preparatory to further processing, such as soldering, cleaning, plating, or stripping, and carries to
machine operator. May clean machines. May be designated according to specific operation
performed as Stringer-Up, Soldering Machine (jewelry-silver.).
509.687-022 WEIGHER, ALLOY (nonfer. metal) alternate titles: charge-gang weigher
Sorts and weighs nonferrous scrap metal and ingots for
furnace charges: Separates grades and types of alloys by color or shape of casting and shovels
metal into handtrucks. Selects scrap and ingots for furnace charge, according to specifications.
Takes sample of furnace melts for laboratory analysis, observes metal in diecasting holding pots
and finished castings, or reads label to verify use of specified alloys. May unload box cars of
alloy materials. May operate lift truck to transport materials. May charge furnaces with alloy
materials.
509.687-026 LABORER, GENERAL (steel & rel.)
Performs any combination of following tasks to assist
workers engaged in production of iron and steel: Feeds and off bears equipment, such as
conveyors, pilers, and loaders, to charge furnaces, transport hot metal to rollers, and store
finished products. Bundles and ties metal rods, sheets, and wire, using banding machine and
handtools. Attaches crane hooks, slings, or cradles to material for moving by OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010. Transports material to and from production
stations, using handtruck. Feeds material, such as ganister, magnesite, and limestone into
crushers to prepare additives for molten metal. Grinds defects, such as burrs, seams, and
scratches from rolled steel, using portable grinder. Sweeps scale from work area and empties dust
bins, using wheelbarrow, broom, and shovel. Breaks up manganese and scrap metal to facilitate
handling, using sledge and pneumatic hammer. Marks identification numbers on steel billets,
using chalk. Verifies dimension of products, using fixed gauge. Wipes grease and oil from
machinery with rags and solvent. May be designated Conveyor Feeder (steel & rel.); Crusher
Feeder (steel & rel.); Loading Checker (steel & rel.); Marker (steel & rel.); Racker (steel & rel.);
Scrap Breaker (steel & rel.).
51 ORE REFINING AND FOUNDRY OCCUPATIONS This division includes occupations concerned with reducing, smelting, refining, or alloying metalliferous extracted ore, ore concentrate, pig, or scrap; and casting ingots, shapes for further processing, and finished metal products in a foundry.
510 MIXING AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with combining mineral ore with solvents or other amalgams to produce a single mass or compound.
510.465-010 CARBIDE-POWDER PROCESSOR (machine shop)
Tends machine and ovens to mix and dry ingredients used to
fabricate carbide cutting-tool inserts, following work orders and charts: Reads work order to
determine amount and grade of carbide specified. Computes amounts of ingredients required,
using charts. Scoops ingredients from canisters, and weighs ingredients on scale to obtain
specified amounts. Pours ingredients into cylindrical-tumbler mixing machine, starts tumbler,
and stops it after specified time. Pours mixed ingredients into pans, and places them in
decarbonizing oven to dry and burn off impurities. Removes pans from oven, adds other
ingredients, and sifts mixture through screen to obtain powder of even consistency. Cleans
equipment after each batch.
510.465-014 SLURRY-CONTROL TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends ball mill and auxiliary equipment that grind bauxite
and mix it with materials to form slurry: Computes amounts of bauxite, starch, and liquor in
specified proportion, using weightometer. Turns valves on ball mill to grind bauxite. Turns
valves on pumps to release liquor and starch from storage bins and to mix them with bauxite to
form slurry. Starts pumps to transfer slurry to digester feed tanks. Opens and closes valves to
pump sodium sulfide solution into slurry. Lubricates valves with grease gun, and adjusts packing
glands to prevent leaks.
510.685-010 DUST MIXER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends machines that mix flue dust and milk of lime to
facilitate reprocessing in copper smelter: Starts screw conveyor and opens valves and hopper gate
to start flow of lime solution and flue dust into mixer. Starts mixer, observes mixture for
consistency, and adjusts flow rate to attain specified consistency. Stops flow of ingredients into
mixing tank, and draws sample for laboratory analysis. Starts pump to transfer mix to filtering
process. Cleans mixer after each batch. Records number of mixes, test results, and amount mixed
on production forms.
510.685-014 MIX-HOUSE TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends machine that mixes sintered lead or zinc ore with
materials, such as pulverized coal and coke, salt, water, skimmings, and chemical solutions
preparatory to smelting: Starts rotary-drum or paddle-type mixing machine. Squeezes handful of
mixture into lump and crumbles it to determine consistency and moisture content of mixture.
Turns valves to add water or chemical solution to mixture. May scoop samples of mixed ore into
bucket for laboratory analysis. May be designated according to type of mixer tended as
Mixing-Pan Tender (smelt. & refin.).
510.685-018 MIXER (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.) alternate titles: blender
Tends mixing machines that blend batches of powdered
metal, according to specifications: Weighs out specified amounts of materials, using scales.
Dumps powders into mixing machine, such as tumbling-barrel or paddle-type mixer, and starts
motor. Stops motor after specified time, and dumps mixture into containers.
510.685-022 PUG-MILL OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: mixer tender
Tends pug mill that mixes preheated magnesia and carbon
with hot asphalt to form viscous mixture for use in making pellets: Moves lever to open slide
gate at outlet of heating chamber to permit heated mixture of magnesia and carbon to flow into
pug mill. Opens and regulates valves to control flow of hot asphalt into mill. Opens valves to
feed mixture into hoppers of briquetting machine.
510.685-026 SINTER-MACHINE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.; steel & rel.)
Tends sintering machine and auxiliary equipment, such as
conveyors, pug mill, and suction fan, to produce sinter cake from finely ground iron ore, lead,
coke, and flue dust: Turns gas valve of sintering machine and ignites burner with torch. Moves
controls on panelboard to start equipment. Signals SINTER FEEDER (steel & rel.) to feed pug
mill conveyor specified amounts of sinter material. Feels mixture processed by pug mill to
determine moisture content. Moves controls to regulate water supply to pug mill to attain
specified moisture in mixture. Examines sinter cake produced by sintering machine and moves
controls of machine to produce cake to specifications. Chips sinter material from chutes and
spouts of machine, using bar and hammer. Records weight and type of materials used.
510.685-030 SLIME-PLANT OPERATOR I (smelt. & refin.)
Tends agitation tanks that mix copper ore slime and acid
solution preparatory to precipitation of copper: Turns valves to regulate flow of slime and
sulfuric acid from storage tanks into agitation tanks. Tests samples of solution for alkalinity or
acidity, using filter paper, or by means of titration. Combines samples of solution from various
stages of process for laboratory analysis. May dry, grind, or screen combined sample.
511 SEPARATING, FILTERING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with setting apart desirable materials in ore or concentrate by such means as forcing or drawing it through filtering devices by suction or pressure, sifting, straining, squeezing, centrifugal force, flotation, leaching, amalgamation, electrolysis, distillation, precipitation, or agitating devices.
511.130-010 ALUMINA-PLANT SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: line supervisor; shift adjuster
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
extracting alumina from bauxite: Calculates feed rates of raw materials, using formulas and
chemical analysis reports. Inspects machines and equipment. Performs other duties as described
under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
511.132-010 PRECIPITATOR SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.; steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operating electrostatic dust precipitators to control emission of air pollutants or to salvage usable
dust from flue: Inspects precipitators in service to determine adjustments required, and
out-of-service precipitators for need of maintenance and repair. Trains new workers in adjusting
operation and $T3rapping,$T1 and explains plant layout, working procedures, and safety
regulations. May notify air and water pollution-control personnel when operating difficulties
cause deviations from pollution standards. May be designated according to type of precipitation
as Stack Supervisor (smelt. & refin.). Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR
(any industry) Master Title.
511.135-010 FILTER-PLANT SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
tending machines and equipment, such as screens, settlers, flotation cells, thickeners, or filterers,
to process ore concentrate and slurry: Inspects machines, equipment, and conveyor systems to
detect mechanical defects or malfunctions, and assigns workers to make repairs or adjustments.
Observes workers to ensure compliance with safety regulations. Instructs new employees in
machine and equipment operation. May be designated according to process supervised as
Dewatering-Filtering Supervisor (smelt. & refin.); Flotation Supervisor (smelt. & refin.); Screen
Supervisor (smelt. & refin.). Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
511.382-010 TUNGSTEN REFINER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: chemical operator
Controls chemical-processing equipment to recover tungsten
oxide from ground concentrated ore: Starts conveyor to fill reactor tank with ore. Turns valves to
pump specified quantity of hydrochloric acid into tank and to admit steam into tank jacket.
Observes temperature gauge and adjusts valves to maintain acid solution at specified temperature
for specified time. Fills tank with water to wash slurry, and drains waste-bearing water. Turns
valve to pour slurry into caustic tank. Precipitates impurities, such as chlorides and oxides, by
adding ammonia and sulfuric acid to solution. Filters solution into holding tank to remove
precipitate. Adds specified amount of hydrochloric acid to tank to crystallize solution. Dries
tungsten oxide crystals by pumping them through filter or centrifuge.
511.385-010 ZINC-CHLORIDE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that separates zinc chloride from slag:
Breaks up slag, using sledgehammer. Loads slag into water-filled tank, using hoist. Agitates
solution to dissolve zinc chloride from slag, using airhose. Determines specific gravity and
acidity of solution, using hydrometer and chemical reagents. Pumps impurities from solution
through filters. Samples solution and observes its color to determine need for additional reagents
and agitation. Pumps treated solution to tank cars or drums. Cleans sediment from equipment,
using shovel and water hose, and replaces filter cloths.
511.462-010 CONCENTRATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls machines and equipment from instrumented control
board to scrub, condition, float, classify, and convey phosphate rock for use in fertilizer and
phosphoric acid: Monitors recording instruments, gauges, panel lights, and other indicators, and
listens for warning signal to verify conformance to plant standards. Turns screws and knobs on
control board to adjust flow of reagents, airflow, phosphate-rock feed rate, and conveyor belts.
Observes flotation tanks to determine amount of sand clinging to rock, cyclones to detect
presence of solids, and classifiers to detect wobble in or uneven feed rate of screw. Reports belt
weight, amount and evenness of feed rate, waterflow amount, and specific density of slurry to
mine, using telephone. Weighs samples from scrubber and conditioner to determine that amount
of reagents in tank meets specifications. Reviews laboratory test results and makes adjustments
required on control board. Inspects machines and equipment for potential and actual hazards,
wear, leaks, and mechanical malfunctions requiring maintenance. Collects samples at various
stage of operation for laboratory analysis. Records instrument readings, process conditions, and
other operating data in shift log. Manually regulates or shuts down equipment as directed by
supervisor. May tag samples collected for laboratory analysis. May assist in making mechanical
repairs to machines and equipment during shutdown.
511.465-010 TOP-PRECIPITATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends battery of tanks that precipitate aluminum hydroxide
from rich liquor: Schedules filling, seeding, and emptying of precipitator tanks. Opens feedline
valves to fill tanks to designated levels with liquor and alumina seed slurry. Adjusts valves to
regulate rate of filling precipitators and to maintain specified level in green-liquor tanks. Opens
feedline valves to admit measured quantities of aluminum hydrate seed particles into
precipitators. Turns valves to agitate mixture with compressed air. Turns valves to control flow
of liquor to tanks of secondary thickness. Weighs sample of mixture in flask on platform scale.
Reads charts and graphs to determine amount of slurry or liquor required to obtain specified
consistency. Signals BOTTOM-PRECIPITATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) to pump
mixture from tanks. Records sequence of operations on forms. May lubricate valves and adjust
packing glands to prevent leaks.
511.482-010 CONTROL OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls temperature, chemical composition, and level of
cryolite baths in reduction pots to smelt aluminum oxide into aluminum: Breaks off sample piece
of crust formed on bath surface, and grinds it into powder, using roll crusher. Routes sample to
laboratory for analysis. Dips out sample of solution and pours it into containers, using ladle.
Drops chemicals into sample and notes resultant color. Adds specified amounts of chemicals and
alloys to bath, according to color shade of sample, to maintain solution at specified level and
composition. Measures current flow and voltage between electrical connections on pots, using
meters, and computes voltage drop between connections. Measures temperature of bath, heat
exchangers, and heat-control pipes, using pyrometer, and turns rheostat to regulate temperature.
Verifies specified distance between electrodes, using measuring rod. Measures depth of bath, and
computes amount of aluminum available for tapping. Records tests made, amount of chemicals
and alloys added to bath, and amount of aluminum tapped from pots.
511.482-014 CRYOLITE-RECOVERY OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Operates machines to recover cryolite from scrap potlining:
Sets mill gauge to specified feed rate and adjusts air volume, according to screen analysis from
laboratory. Sets hearth rheostats and heat controller to specified temperature, and turns valves to
adjust rate of flow of steam and oil to burners. Starts system of conveyors, grinder, roaster, mixer
equipment, cooling and exhaust fans, and burners. Moves levers to regulate flow of materials,
and adjusts valve to control volume of liquor. Turns valve to drain spent liquor and lime hydrate
to $T3causticizer$T1 tanks. Makes titration test, records results, and sends samples to laboratory.
Observes gauges, indicators, thermometers, and controls to ensure conformity to specifications.
511.482-018 DUST-COLLECTOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: dust operator
Operates battery of electrical precipitators to collect metallic
dust particles from fumes of smelting ore: Observes ammeters and voltmeters and moves panel
controls to regulate flow of electric current to precipitators according to type of ore being
smelted, or according to amount of draft, moisture content of dust, and color of stack emission.
Switches off electric current. Replaces broken wire in precipitators, using pliers. May turn valves
to spray acid and water into chambers to oxidize dust particles. May pull levers to actuate
airhammers that knock dust from electrodes.
511.485-010 MOLYBDENUM-STEAMER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that removes reagent from molybdenum ore
concentrate: Installs different-size orifices to regulate flow of solids and liquids into vats. Adjusts
steam valve to maintain concentrate at specified steaming point. Draws sample to determine
alkalinity of concentrate, using titration test. Regulates flow of lime solution into vats according
to alkalinity test readings to neutralize acids. Weighs sample and compares it with standard chart
to determine percentage of solids in concentrate. Inserts airhose into vats to clear clogged outlets.
511.485-014 THICKENER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends thickeners that separate waste solids from ore solutions
or water, preparatory to recovery of metal or disposal of waste: Turns valves to regulate flow of
mixture into thickeners. Inserts indicator into mixture to measure sludge level. Observes
operation of equipment, overflow of concentrated metal solution, and flow of sludge from tank.
Breaks up sedimentation in troughs with wooden paddle. Prepares sample of sludge for chemical
analysis by weighing sample, adding acid to facilitate settling of solids, and reducing amount of
sample to desired proportion in splitter. May titrate sample and compare resultant color with
standard chart to test overflow solution for metallic content. May add chemicals to soften water
in tanks. May fill out forms for scale readings and details of malfunctions. May be designated
according to kind of materials separated as Red-Mud Thickener Operator (smelt. & refin.);
Tailing-Thickener Operator (smelt. & refin.).
511.562-010 CLASSIFIER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: hydrate-thickener operator; tray thickener operator
Operates classifier units to separate coarse and fine
precipitated alumina particles from liquor: Regulates valves on settling trays of hydroseparators
to draw fine particles from top and coarse particles from bottom of trays. Adjusts valves to wash
liquor from coarse particles in classifier unit. Pumps fine hydrate from underflow of tray
thickeners to storage tank for use in precipitating more alumina, and pumps coarse particles to
storage tanks to await further processing. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent
leaks. May open and close valves and start and stop pumps to circulate cleaning solutions
through process lines. May keep log of operations.
511.565-010 DEWATERER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: kiln-head house operator
Tends dewatering machines that filter moist solid aluminum
hydroxide from coarse slurry: Turns valves to regulate flow of slurry and wash water to
dewaterers and to admit solids to kilns, according to temperature readings, alumina-quality
reports, and discharge rates given by KILN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.). Adjusts valves to
maintain supply of water for vacuum pumps, wash water, and water-cooled bearings. Regulates
valves in cooperation with other operators to obtain balancing levels in filtrate tanks, hydrate
storage tanks, and hydrate storage overflow tanks. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands
to prevent leaks. Changes automatic recording charts in machines. Records tank levels and
density readings of hydrate in log. May tend dust-recovery system.
511.565-014 DRIER TENDER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: drier operator; rotary-drier operator
Tends oil-fired, rotary, magnetic drier that removes oil and
iron from aluminum-scrap turnings: Ignites burner, and adjusts mixture of oil and air to obtain
desired temperature. Starts drier, and turns on current to remove iron magnetically. Signals
workers to load scrap into drier, and regulates rate of feed in accordance with oil content of
scrap. Places wheelbarrow at discharge end of drier to receive processed turnings. Weighs filled
wheelbarrow, records weight, and dumps load onto pile.
511.565-018 IRON-LAUNDER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends iron launders that precipitate copper from solution:
Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to load launders with
shredded tin cans (iron). Starts pumps and turns valves to regulate flow of solution through series
of launders to ensure maximum precipitation of copper. Measures copper content of solution at
various stages of processing by titration tests. Adds iron to launders to maintain maximum
recovery of copper. Excavates precipitated copper from launders and cleans tanks. Keeps record
of titration tests.
511.582-010 LEACHER (smelt. & refin.)
Controls equipment to leach out metal from ore in solution:
Weighs sample of solution and evaporates moisture from it, using heater. Reweighs sample to
determine percentage of solid material in solution. Siphons water from solution to obtain
specified concentration, following chart. Turns valves to feed chemicals, such as cyanide or acid,
into tank of ground ore or filtered slime. Starts mechanical agitators and observes percolation of
solution to ascertain dissolution of ore. Tests solution with hydrometer to determine degree of
ore concentration. Obtains sample of solution for laboratory analysis. May supervise workers in
loading and excavating leaching tanks. May tend filtering machine to separate fluids from metal.
May tend pumps to force ground ore and solution into or from tanks. May lubricate equipment
and clean tank with water hose. May heat solution in tank with steam and add premeasured
amounts of solid materials, such as manganese. May be designated according to ore leached as
Molybdenum-Leaching-Plant Operator (smelt. & refin.).
511.585-010 HYDRATE-CONTROL TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that pumps aluminum hydrate from
secondary thickeners through wash tanks to storage tanks: Turns valves to regulate amount of
hydrate flowing into thickeners and washing tanks to maintain specified density of hydrate.
Adjusts valves and pumps to transfer hydrate from secondary thickeners through wash tanks into
seed storage tanks. Tests sample of hydrate to determine its density, using hydrometer.
Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks. Keeps operating log.
511.586-010 TOP-PRECIPITATOR-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists TOP-PRECIPITATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
in precipitating aluminum hydroxide from rich liquor: Opens valves and starts pumps to fill
precipitators according to schedule and to add specified seed charges to tanks as directed, using
levelometer to determine amount of seed added. Raises and lowers circulating lines, using
electric hoist. Drops metal weights from tops of tanks to break scale and crust formations in
empty tanks. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks. Examines
precipitator tanks for adequate circulation and empty tanks for cleanliness. Performs other duties
as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
511.662-010 CLARIFIER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls equipment that separates mud from alumina liquor
and recovers soda from mud: Pumps thickened mud to washers and turns valves to regulate flow
of water into washers. Turns valves to release specified amount of mud into washers to maintain
sludge balance. Turns valves to pump sediments from washer into earthen thickeners. Opens
valves to introduce starch into mud settlement and to regulate flow of milk of lime at specified
rates. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands, using grease guns and wrench.
511.664-010 BOTTOM-PRECIPITATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Empties slurry from precipitator tanks as directed by
TOP-PRECIPITATOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.): Starts and stops pumps to transfer slurry
to thickener tanks. Adjusts valves to control rate of discharge of slurry and to maintain required
level of mixture in equalizer tanks. Removes barrel flanges, using handtools. Cleans precipitator
barrels and screen boxes, using hose and cleanup tools. Cleans airline of precipitator tank, using
metal rod. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks.
511.667-010 CLARIFIER-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists CLARIFIER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) in
separating mud from alumina liquor and in recovering soda from mud: Turns valves to flush
lines. Turns valves to divert flow of alumina liquor through standby equipment as directed by
CLARIFIER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.). Reads tank gauge and records sludge levels of mud
settlers and washers. Takes sample of mud sediments and weighs it to determine density.
Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks, using grease gun and wrench.
Cleans screen boxes. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master
Title.
511.667-014 COLOR TESTER (smelt. & refin.)
Collects and tests samples of copper-ore slurries: Draws
samples from processing tanks or vats at specified times and locations, and labels containers with
identifying data. Weighs samples, compares color against chart, and measures acidity or
alkalinity, using pH meter. Records test results on product-control forms. Observes equipment
during rounds to detect malfunctions, and notifies FILTER-PLANT SUPERVISOR (smelt. &
refin.) of irregularities.
511.682-010 DUST COLLECTOR, ORE CRUSHING (smelt. & refin.)
Operates dust-collecting equipment in crushing department of
copper refinery to recover dust from ore: Starts feed conveyors, suction fans, impellers, and
electrodes, and moves controls to regulate dampers, equalizing ports, and water eliminators.
Turns valves to fill and maintain level of water in tanks. Observes operation of equipment and
filling of collected dust in hoppers to ensure efficient operation. Inspects and cleans water
eliminators, impellers, hopper walls, air chambers, fan housings and wheels, safety switches, and
water-level control devices, using water and airhose. Removes and cleans strainers in waterlines.
Adjusts and tightens belts on motors or pulley wheels to maintain tension, using handtools.
Lubricates motors and exhaust bearings.
511.685-010 AMALGAMATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that separates gold or silver from ground
ore by mercury amalgamation process, using either of following methods: (1) Turns valves or
opens gates to regulate flow of ore and water over mercury-coated plates. Adjusts angle of plates
to facilitate collection of amalgam. Scrapes accumulated amalgam from plates and coats plates
with mercury. (2) Turns valves or opens gates to charge ground ore and mercury into
rotating-type barrels or agitating-type tanks. Starts equipment and observes accumulation of
amalgam. Discharges or drains barrel or tank to recover gold or silver amalgam.
511.685-014 CLASSIFIER TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that separates crushed ore into sands (coarse
particles) and slimes (fine particles), preparatory to concentration of metal: Starts equipment, and
regulates flow of crushed ore, water, and flotation reagent into classifiers which separate coarse
particles by raking mechanism or swirling action of water while fine particles are carried off in
overflow. Observes meter indicating alkalinity of slime, and adds lime solution, as necessary.
Removes sand to prevent clogging by flushing or pulling lever on classifier to dump it. May
lubricate machines. May replace defective parts, using handtools. May be designated according
to type of classifier used as Cone-Classifier Tender (smelt. & refin.).
511.685-018 CONDENSER-TUBE TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends battery of condenser tubes in which gaseous mercury is
condensed into liquid mercury: Places water-filled buckets at base of each tube to collect liquid
mercury. Removes buckets as mercury accumulates, pours off water, and strains mercury into
steel flask. Pours mixture of water, mercury, and dust onto sloping table, adds quicklime, and
stirs mixture with hoe to separate remaining mercury from sediment.
511.685-022 DUST-COLLECTOR ATTENDANT (mine & quarry)
Tends equipment that washes taconite ore dust collected from
air: Starts dust collection equipment and turns valves to adjust pressure to required level as
indicated by manometer. Examines parts of dust collector, such as pipes, nozzles, strainers, and
collection surfaces, for pluggings, breaks, leaks, and residue. Closes water valves and stops
pumps to permit cleaning and repairing of equipment. Washes residue from collection surfaces,
pumps, hoppers, and fans, using water hose. Turns threaded water nozzles into fittings to change
type of nozzle or to replace defective ones. Removes mesh strainers and cleans them, using
airhose. Tightens glands on pumps and valves, using wrenches. May record gauge readings. May
tend equipment that extracts carbon dust from air.
511.685-026 FLOTATION TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends flotation machines that separate metals from gangue of
ore: Turns valves to regulate flow of pulp and reagents into cells. Turns valves to introduce
compressed air into cells to agitate mixture and to promote froth that carries metallic particles to
surface of liquid and deposits them through side opening of cell into launders. May tend cells
that are agitated either mechanically or by air, or combination of both. May lubricate and repair
machines. May be designated according to metal separated as Copper-Flotation Operator (smelt.
& refin.); Molybdenum-Flotation Operator (smelt. & refin.).
511.685-030 KETTLE TENDER II (smelt. & refin.)
Tends gas-fired kettle that removes gold, silver, and copper
from black mud: Shovels mud into kettle, and turns valve to admit acid until mud is covered.
Rakes mud to dissolve gold and silver. Ladles solution into water-filled settling tank to
precipitate gold and silver compounds. Removes precipitates and adds reagents to change their
chemical composition. Heats precipitates in cupola furnace to extract gold and silver. Ladles
remaining mud into tank filled with water and admits steam to dissolve copper.
511.685-034 KETTLE TENDER, PLATINUM AND PALLADIUM (smelt. & refin.)
Tends gas-fired evaporator that recovers gold, platinum, and
palladium from electrolyte used in gold-refining tanks: Adds liquid and gaseous reagents to
electrolyte and heats it in evaporator to precipitate metals. Separates each precipitate from
solution, using porcelain filters. Heats platinum and palladium precipitates in crucible furnaces to
make $T3sponge.$T1 Breaks up sponge preparatory to shipment, using pliers.
511.685-038 PRECIPITATOR I (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that precipitates gold or silver from cyanide
solution: Packs zinc shavings into compartments of zinc boxes. Regulates flow of solution
through boxes where gold or silver precipitates on zinc. Shuts off flow of solution and turns on
water. Agitates shavings to remove precipitate. Pulls plugs and draws off slime (precipitate and
water) from boxes. Treats slime with sulfuric acid. Turns slime solution into filter press that
filters solution and removes precipitate residue. Washes precipitate with water under pressure,
and dries it with compressed air.
511.685-042 PRECIPITATOR II (smelt. & refin.)
Tends tanks that precipitate uranium oxide from solution of
uranium nitrate: Moves pump controls and turns valves to regulate flow of uranium nitrate
solution into precipitation tank. Starts tank agitator and turns valve to feed specified amount of
ammonia into tank. Dumps specified amount of magnesium oxide from bags into tank. Turns off
agitator after specified period to allow uranium oxide to settle. Pumps tank underflow to
automatic drier and tank overflow to thickener.
511.685-046 REAGENT TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends mechanical agitator that mixes chemicals for use in
separating metallic particles from ore gangue: Turns valves to pour specified amounts of
chemical solutions from storage tanks into mixing tank. Weighs chemical compounds on scales,
and dumps chemicals into mixing tanks, using forklift truck. Starts agitator to blend mixture.
Turns valves on pumps to transfer mixture to storage tank. May weigh steel rods and balls and
transport them to mills, using air-powered dinkey engine. May open chute door of storage tank to
charge ball mills.
511.685-050 SCREEN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends series of vibrating screens that separate crushed ore or
stone according to size: Pushes controls to start screens vibrating and move ore on conveyors or
belts. Pulls levers to discharge crushed ore from conveyor or chute onto vibrating screens. Clears
screen holes clogged with oversize ore, using bar. Removes clogged screens, using wrenches,
and cleans them with compressed air. May tend conveyor belts and process ore through crushers
[CRUSHER TENDER (smelt. & refin.)]. May obtain ore samples, using mechanical sampler,
hand sieve, or splitter. May tend screens that separate phosphate rock from matrix and be
designated Feed-Preparation Operator (mine & quarry).
511.685-054 SLIME-PLANT OPERATOR II (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment, such as grinders, leachers, filters, pressers,
and evaporators that recover gold, silver, selenium, and other minerals from impurities: Grinds
impure slag or ore in ball mill, and mixes slag with water to form slurry. Turns valves and starts
pumps to force mixture into leaching tanks. Starts agitators and adds chemicals to leach
combined solutions. Starts pumps to force leached solution into settling tanks, and installs
orifices to control rate of flow of sediment and liquids to and from settling tanks to remove
liquid. Feeds settled solution through rotary-drum filters, and presses filtered slime in press
[FILTER-PRESS OPERATOR (any industry)]. Boils selenium residue to remove moisture for
barreling. Obtains and weighs samples of slimes during process, using container and platform
scales, and delivers samples to laboratory for analysis. Drains and cleans tanks, wire screens,
inflow pipes, and equipment with water hose. May be designated according to mineral recovered
as Selenium-Plant Operator (smelt. & refin.).
511.685-058 SLIME-PLANT-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists SLIME-PLANT OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) II in
separating ore concentrate from slurry: Turns valves to regulate flow of liquids into tank.
Observes operation of filters and notifies SLIME-PLANT OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) II of
malfunctions. Replaces worn filters, using handtools. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing
glands. May record operating data in log. May tend overhead bridge crane to transport filters and
equipment. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
511.685-062 TABLE TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends concentrating tables that separate valuable metals from
gangue of ore and scrap: Turns valves to regulate flow of pulp onto tables. Regulates speed of
reciprocating tables to effect maximum separation and recovery of metals. Adjusts slope of tables
to establish line of separation between ore and gangue and between valuable metal and scrap.
Repairs tables, and adjusts and lubricates driving mechanism. May be designated according to
materials processed as Table Tender, Sludge (smelt. & refin.).
511.685-066 TROMMEL TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends trommel (revolving drumlike sieve) that washes copper
precipitate from scrap iron: Starts previously loaded trommel and turns on water sprays. Pumps
precipitated copper and water mixture into settling tank. Shovels spilled scrap iron back into
tank. Lubricates trommel bearings, and washes copper from equipment with water hose. May
line bottom of railroad car with precut wooden boards preparatory to loading car with copper.
511.686-010 REAGENT TENDER HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists REAGENT TENDER (smelt. & refin.) in separating
metallic particles from gangue of ore: Connects air line and line from storage tank to tank car,
using handtools. Turns valves to release air pressure into lines, and observes connections for
leaks. Turns valves to pump chemical solutions, such as chlorine, caustic soda, and fuel oils,
from tank cars into storage tanks. May weigh steel rods and balls and transport them to mills,
using air-powered dinkey engine. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any
industry) Master Title.
511.687-010 BLANKET WASHER (smelt. & refin.)
Cleans flannel blankets over which mixture of finely ground
gold ore and cyanide solution from grinding mills is passed to collect free particles of gold not
dissolved by cyanide: Collects blankets from frames at outflow point of mills. Washes blankets
in pans of weak cyanide solution to dislodge gold particles so they may be collected in
amalgamation process. Replaces blankets on frames after washing.
511.687-014 DUST COLLECTOR-TREATER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: rapper
Assists DUST-COLLECTOR OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
in collecting metallic dust particles from fumes of smelting copper ore: Pushes switches to shut
off electric current to precipitators, and observes amount of dust accumulated on electrode pipes
and plates. Pulls levers to start hammers that knock dust from electrodes into collecting
chambers. Opens chamber doors and blows down dust remaining in chamber, using airhose.
Replaces broken wires in precipitators, using pliers. Turns valves to add acid solution and water
to chambers to cool and treat fumes. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any
industry) Master Title. May be designated Acid Conditioner (smelt. & refin.); Cottrell Blower
(smelt. & refin.).
511.687-018 FLOTATION-TENDER HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Scrapes caked waste material from sides of flotation cells, and
washes cells with water. May ream out air passages of agitators, using steel rod. May collect
samples of pulp and concentrate at prescribed intervals for analysis. May assist in dismantling
and repair of equipment. May record details of operating conditions in log.
511.687-022 SKIMMER, REVERBERATORY (smelt. & refin.)
Skims slag from surface of copper being refined in
reverberatory furnace: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010
to lower pan, and positions it in front of slag tapping hole. Inserts wood pole through door in side
of furnace, working pole back and forth to push slag toward front of furnace. Drags slag from
surface of copper into pan, using steel hoe. Inserts compressed-air line through furnace opening,
and turns valve to force air through molten metal to oxidize impurities. May shovel coke over
surface of skimmed metal to prevent excess oxidation.
511.687-026 TAILINGS-DAM LABORER (smelt. & refin.)
Directs waste ore materials through pipelines into tailings
basin: Opens and closes spigots to regulate flow of tailings. Connects hoses to spigots and adds
pipes to lengthen discharge lines, using wrenches. Distributes tailings evenly in basin to form
dam of waste materials. Digs ditches with shovel to drain water.
512 MELTING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with heating ore concentrate or metal to change it from solid to liquid for such purposes as compounding with other materials, refining, and preparing for casting.
512.130-010 REDUCTION-PLANT SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operation and maintenance of aluminum-reduction pots. Performs duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
512.132-010 MELTER SUPERVISOR (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operating open-hearth, electric-arc, or oxygen furnaces to produce steel: Directs workers in
charging furnace with specified raw material and in taking temperature tests of molten metal.
Observes color of molten metal through cobalt-blue glasses, and orders changes in furnace
temperature. Coordinates charging and melting with molding and pouring operations. Performs
other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title. May be designated
according to type of furnace as Melter Supervisor, Electric-Arc Furnace (steel & rel.); Melter
Supervisor, Open-Hearth Furnace (steel & rel.); Melter Supervisor, Oxygen Furnace (steel &
rel.).
512.132-014 RECLAMATION SUPERVISOR (nonfer. metal)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
melting reclaimed dross and scalpings, casting molten scrap into ingots, and alloying aluminum
with metals, such as copper, nickel, and iron: Inspects condition (paper-covered, dirty,
glass-mixed) and type of incoming scrap to determine melting process, and records information
on planning chart. Confers with other departments to determine alloys to be used and priority of
casting. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
512.132-018 REMELT-FURNACE EXPEDITER (nonfer. metal)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
tapping remelt furnaces, and in fluxing aluminum alloy preparatory to casting: Directs workers in
tapping of aluminum alloy from remelt furnaces into ladles and in introducing chlorine gas into
ladles to flux molten alloys. Directs OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry)
921.663-010 in moving ladles from tapping position to casting units. Records temperature and
time of tapping furnaces and of fluxing ladles. May supervise workers engaged in collecting and
weighing charges of aluminum and other metals for melting into alloys and be designated Metal
Expediter (nonfer. metal). Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
512.132-022 SUPERVISOR, BLAST FURNACE (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
controlling blast furnaces to smelt concentrates of lead ore preparatory to refining it. Performs
duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
512.135-010 POT-ROOM SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
tending reduction pots to smelt aluminum oxide into aluminum: Observes gas flames, warning
lights, and voltmeters on pots to verify specified voltage input. Signals POT TENDER (smelt. &
refin.) to raise and lower anode to restore pot to normal operation. Performs other duties as
described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
512.362-010 FIRST HELPER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: melter assistant; open-hearth-furnace operator
Operates open-hearth furnaces to produce specified types of
steel: Examines raw materials for conformance to specifications. Signals
CHARGING-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to place materials in furnace. Turns fuel,
air, and steam controls to adjust fuel mixtures and draft. Moves levers to circulate gas throughout
furnace to distribute heat and prevent burning out of furnace walls. Signals OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to pour molten metal in furnace. Obtains
sample of metal, using long-handled spoon, and pours sample into test mold. Tests sample for
carbon content, using carbon analyzer. Moves controls to open furnace doors, and shovels
additives, such as fluorspar, lime, and alloys, into furnace to obtain specified type of steel.
Determines temperature of metal, using thermocouple. Observes color of molten metal through
cobalt-blue glasses to determine when to tap furnace and notifies MELTER SUPERVISOR (steel
& rel.). Directs crew in tapping furnace and adding specified additives to ladle. Records
operational data on forms. Examines furnace to determine repairs needed, and directs crew in
repairing furnace walls and flooring.
512.362-014 FURNACE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.)
Controls furnace to refine or melt nonferrous ore or metal to
specifications: Sets furnace controls to regulate flow of air, gas, oil, or current to heat metal to
specified temperature. Observes color, fluidity of molten bath, and appearance of metal on bar, to
estimate temperature, or measures temperature, using pyrometer. Inserts end of green pole into
furnace to prevent oxidation of copper. Adds reagents to remove impurities, according to type of
metal processed. Skims slag with rabble, dross hoe, or ladle. Opens blowers to force air through
tuyeres to agitate bath, and stirs bath with wooden pole or iron rod to release oxygen. Seals
taphole with fire clay and firebrick. Turns handwheel or moves lever to tilt or turn furnace and
taps metal into pots for removal to other furnaces [TAPPER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.)].
Lifts and transfers ladles of melt, using hoist. Sprays dore or silver crystals with water, and dries
them with vacuum drier prior to melting. Samples materials and sends samples to laboratory for
analysis [RAW SAMPLER (smelt. & refin.)]. Sprays molds with bone ash to prevent metal from
adhering to mold. May replace defective parts or clean equipment. May operate puncher to clear
tuyere holes and allow air to pass through molten copper in converters to burn off impurities.
May be designated according to type of furnace operated or product processed.
512.362-018 FURNACE OPERATOR (foundry; steel & rel.) alternate titles: air-furnace operator; caster, investment casting; pit-furnace melter; rotary-furnace operator
Controls gas, oil, coal, electric-arc, or electric induction
furnace to melt metal prior to casting: Weighs out specified amounts of metal ingots and scrap
metal, and charges metal into furnace by hand, using hoist, or by directing crane operator to
charge furnace. Loads molten metal into furnace, using transfer ladle. Turns valves to regulate
injection of fuel and air into furnace, or moves controls to regulate flow of electricity and water
coolant through electrodes to heat furnace to specified temperature. Observes color of metal and
instruments, such as voltmeter, ammeter, wattmeter, and pyrometer, and adjusts controls to
maintain specified temperature. Sprinkles fluxing agent over surface of molten metal to bring
impurities to surface, forming layer of slag. Skims off slag, using strainer. Removes crucible
containing molten metal from furnace, using hoist, moves levers to tilt crucible or open crucible
door, or breaks clay plug to pour metal into ladle for transportation to molds. Removes test
sample of molten metal from crucible, using hand ladle, and pours it into mold. Records data
from each melt on form. Positions new electrodes over worn electrodes in electric-arc furnace,
using overhead crane, and screws electrodes together, using chain wrench. May transport
crucible or ladle to pouring station and pour metal into molds. May be designated according to
type of furnace operated as Electric-Arc-Furnace Operator (foundry; smelt. & refin.; steel & rel.);
Furnace Operator, Oil Or Gas (foundry); Induction-Furnace Operator (foundry); Tilting-Furnace
Operator, Oil Or Gas (foundry).
512.382-010 OXYGEN-FURNACE OPERATOR (steel & rel.)
Operates oxygen furnace and auxiliary equipment from pulpit
to produce specified types of steel: Moves controls to position furnace for charging operation.
Observes temperature gauges and recorders, and moves controls to position oxygen lance and
regulate flow of oxygen through lance onto charge. Sets weight indicator gauge according to
specified amount of additives to be added to charge. Starts automatic weighing machine that
releases additives, such as fluorspar, lime, and alloys, from bins onto conveyor leading to chute
over furnace. Moves lever to release additives from chute into furnace. Moves controls to adjust
position of oxygen lance in furnace, regulate oxygen flow, or adjust hood draft when sparking or
slopping of charge occurs or furnace overheats. Moves controls to position transfer car, carrying
ladle and slag pots, under taphole and to tilt furnace for tapping operation. Records operation
data.
512.382-014 STOVE TENDER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: hot blaster
Operates battery of gas-fired stoves to supply heated airblast
to blast furnace: Turns gas valves and ignites burners in combustion chamber of stove, using
torch. Observes temperature records, and moves controls to close gas and chimney valves when
heat inside stove reaches specified temperature. Opens valves on stove allowing air from blowing
engine to pass through hot-blast stove into furnace. Adjusts stove controls to maintain specified
temperature of airblast. Alternates operation among stoves in battery to provide continuous blast
of hot air. Cleans carbon and dirt from flues to prevent internal explosions. Inspects cooling and
washing equipment for leaks. Assists furnace crew in casting hot metal and flushing slag from
furnace.
512.382-018 TIN RECOVERY WORKER (smelt. & refin.)
Controls scruff and burn-off furnaces and auxiliary equipment
to reclaim tin or terne from coating pots, tinplate, and used electrolytic anodes: Washes scruff
with hose to remove flux. Starts crushing machine, and shovels scruff into machine to reduce
scruff to uniform size. Charges scruff into furnace, and ignites gas burner with torch. Adjusts
heat controls to obtain specified temperature for reclaiming metal from scruff. Breaks up lumps
in scruff, using rake and hoe. Turns valves to tap furnace and allow reclaimed metal to flow into
iron kettle or melting pot. Heats kettle, and skims foreign metal from top, using ladle. Adds
specified amounts of tin or lead in producing terne. Pours metal into pig or electrolytic anode
molds. Weighs and records amount of recovered metal. Marks weight on pigs, and stores pigs in
warehouse.
512.467-010 POTLINE MONITOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tests electrical circuitry and measures temperature and depth
level of materials in aluminum reduction pots: Places contact rods of voltmeter against anode of
reduction pot and against lining (cathode) of next pot on line to obtain voltage reading of pot
circuit. Records meter reading, repeats test on next pot, and deducts reading from previous
reading to determine any power loss. Repeats test on each succeeding pot to obtain and record
power loss at each point along potline. Removes concrete sections of floor, using overhead hoist,
to expose electrical circuits. Places prongs of millivoltmeter on ground and electrical connections
to measure amount of positive and negative charges entering pot. Inspects electrical connections,
firebrick lining, and wiring to detect damaged, worn, or broken parts, and notifies POT-ROOM
SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.) of discrepancies. Breaks hole in pot crust with crowbar, and
inserts thermocouple to measure temperature of contents. Measures depth of contents, using
measuring rod, and records temperature and depth on control form. Dips ladle into pot to remove
sample of aluminum for laboratory analysis, and pours sample into mold. Records test readings,
voltage loss, temperatures, and depth levels on master control form, and submits it to
POT-ROOM SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.).
512.487-010 METAL CONTROL WORKER (foundry)
Weighs alloy, shot, or strips of metal to obtain specified
amounts required by FURNACE OPERATOR (foundry; steel & rel.), using platform scale: Cuts
bar stock to specified lengths, using power saw. Stamps code on bar to indicate alloy and heat
number. Places pelletized metal in barrels. Records weight and kind of metals issued in logbook.
Delivers specified metal to FURNACE OPERATOR (foundry; steel & rel.), using handtruck or
industrial truck. May verify incoming metal shipments against invoice, store metal, and maintain
inventory of metal on hand.
512.662-010 CUPOLA TENDER (foundry) alternate titles: furnace tender
Controls cupola furnace to melt and refine iron, scrap metal,
and other additives to produce gray iron castings: Closes and props door in bottom of cupola.
Shovels sand into cupola and tamps sand to form wedge-shaped layer on cupola bottom sloping
toward taphole. Kindles fire, using gas torch, to ignite coke bed in cupola, and starts and sets
speed of blowers that supply air to cupola. Signals CUPOLA CHARGER (foundry) 512.686-010
to begin charging metal, coke, and limestone into cupola. Reads gauges indicating temperature of
molten metal in cupola and amount of air flowing into and out of cupola, and adjusts controls
accordingly. Taps molten metal from cupola. Estimates, from color of slag draining from surface
of molten metal, physical properties of metal being melted. Pulls prop from bottom doors of
cupola, when shutting down furnace, to allow residual materials to drop out. May charge layer of
excelsior, rags, and wood over sand bed to protect cupola from initial charge of coke and to
ignite fuel.
512.666-010 FURNACE HELPER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.)
Assists FURNACE OPERATOR (nonfer. metal; smelt. &
refin.) by performing any combination of following duties: Seals furnace opening with fire clay
and firebrick, using paddle and shovel. Charges furnace with materials, such as scrap, ore, flux,
reagents, slimes, oxides, pellets, or coke, by moving levers to open bin or hopper gates, by
shoveling, or by signaling FURNACE CHARGER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.) or
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to load furnace. Turns valves to
force air through tuyeres into molten metal to oxidize impurities. Observes gauges and
manipulates controls on panel to admit nitrogen to prevent igniting of magnesium. Stirs molten
metal with green poles to prevent copper from oxidizing. Skims slag from molten metal, using
bar, rabble, or ladle. Cleans slag from tuyeres to let air flow, using bar, hammer, or pneumatic
drill. Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry), or uses electric hoist, to
position ladles or buckets near furnace, and moves levers to tilt furnace into pouring position.
Scrapes and chips slag, solidified metal, furnace lining, and residue from furnace, using hammer,
chisel, and scraper. Breaks condensers and defective retorts with sledgehammer for removal to
crusher. Raps flues and dust catchers with bar to remove dust. Performs other duties as described
under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
512.667-010 TEMPERATURE REGULATOR, PYROMETER (foundry) alternate titles: fire regulator
Tests temperature of molten metal for conformance to
pouring specifications, using optical or thermocouple pyrometers: Advises CUPOLA TENDER
(foundry) or furnace operator when temperature reading varies from specifications. Records
temperature reading on standard form.
512.683-010 CHARGING-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.) alternate titles: charger; furnace-charging-machine operator; poker-in; pusher runner
Controls charging machine to charge open-hearth furnaces
with materials, such as limestone, pig iron, and metal scrap: Moves controls to engage arm of
charging machine in slot of charging box. Pushes levers to position charging machine at door of
furnace, to thrust box through door, and to rotate arm, dumping contents of box on furnace floor.
Withdraws empty box, disengages arm, and moves to next furnace to repeat process. May charge
furnace with molten metal and be designated Hot-Metal Charger (steel & rel.).
512.684-010 SECOND HELPER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: open-hearth-furnace-operator helper
Assists FIRST HELPER (steel & rel.) to melt and cast iron
and steel in open-hearth furnaces: Cleans furnace tapholes, using scraper and oxygen lance.
Closes furnace tapholes with pipe, chrome ore, dolomite, or magnesite to prevent loss of molten
metal, and relines steel runners. Weighs additives, such as fluorspar, lime, and manganese, and
trucks them to furnace areas. Shovels refractory materials into furnace. Assists crew in slagging
or flushing furnace. Starts furnace by igniting gas, using torch. Performs other duties as
described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
512.684-014 FURNACE CHARGER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.; steel & rel.) alternate titles: fettler
Performs any combination of following tasks to charge
smelting furnaces with aluminum scrap and ingots, and other nonferrous metals, as well as ore,
coke, flux, and other materials: Moves levers to open and close furnace doors and to pour
specified materials into furnace. Moves controls of charging machine to lift, insert, and dump
materials into furnace, or shovels materials into furnace, using hood shovel. Draws samples of
molten metal from furnace for laboratory analysis. Reviews laboratory report to determine that
smelting is within specified standards, and computes types and amounts of materials to add to
furnace to correct smelting, using calculator. Rakes dross or flux from furnace, using skimming
tool. Maintains production records of materials charged into furnace. May weigh out specified
amounts of materials to be charged into furnace, using scale. May operate industrial dump or lift
truck to transport, hoist, and dump scrap or refined aluminum into charging machine or furnace.
May operate bucket loader to hoist, convey, and dump aluminum ore, coke, and flux into hopper
of smelting furnace.
512.685-010 FURNACE TENDER (foundry; nonfer. metal) alternate titles: remelt operator
Tends furnace that remelts nonferrous alloyed metals used in
diecasting process: Shovels specified proportions of scrap metal and ingots into furnace.
Sprinkles fluxing compound on molten metal to bring impurities to surface. Skims slag from
surface of molten metal, using hand strainer. May transfer molten metal from furnace to bull
ladle, using hand ladle. May convey molten metal in bull ladle along overhead monorail, and
pour metal into retainer of diecasting machine. May pour molten metal into sand molds, using
power hoist. May clean furnaces and equipment.
512.685-014 NOZZLE TENDER (nonfer. metal)
Tends equipment that produces aluminum powder from
molten aluminum: Installs ceramic tube in furnace and positions air nozzle and power collection
duct as specified. Taps furnace to allow molten aluminum to flow through ceramic tube where it
is transformed into powder by blast from air nozzle and blown into powder collection duct.
Observes flow of metal and adjusts air nozzle to regulate fineness of powder. Sifts powder
sample through series of sieves and weighs contents remaining in each sieve to estimate quantity
of each grade of powder.
512.685-018 POT TENDER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: pot puncher
Tends battery of reduction pots that smelt aluminum oxide
into aluminum: Adds specified amounts of oxide to pots from overhead hopper, at designated
time intervals, and rakes oxide over crust formed by cooling of bath. Observes gas flames
breaking through crust, and rakes oxide or pieces of crust over flames to prevent damage to
anode. Watches warning lights and notes color of electrolyte (solution), and breaks up crust to
add oxide to bath, using crowbar or pneumatic crust-breaking machine. Stirs bath to eliminate
gas, using rake. Observes instruments and turns rheostat, or repositions anode in bath, to increase
or decrease current flow and regulate temperature of solution. May train workers in operation of
reduction pots.
512.685-022 RECLAMATION KETTLE TENDER, METAL (smelt. & refin.)
Tends melting kettle to remelt metal scrap, dross, and
skimmings to recover lead, cadmium, zinc, or other nonferrous metals and cast it into pig molds
for reuse: Charges kettle manually or using shovel or hoist. Ignites burner to melt and heat metal.
Observes thermometer or color of molten metal and adjusts temperature control or turns valve to
adjust fuel supply to obtain pour temperature. Stirs and skims molten metal, using bar and
skimming tool. Drains, ladles, or pumps metal into molds.
512.686-010 CUPOLA CHARGER (foundry) alternate titles: cupola stocker
Charges scrap iron or pig iron, coke, and limestone (flux) into
cupola in which iron is melted to make castings: Determines quantities and types of materials to
be charged, following work orders or verbal instructions from CUPOLA TENDER (foundry).
Shovels materials into wheelbarrow. Weighs net contents and wheels materials to charging door
of cupola. Dumps iron, coke, and limestone through charging door so that charge in cupola is in
alternate layers. May operate power-driven hopper, conveyor, or crane to transfer materials from
storage bins to cupola. May weigh out materials or load materials from preweighed piles onto
conveyor that charges cupola.
512.687-010 CONDENSER SETTER (smelt. & refin.)
Places condenser on plate supports in front of retort in zinc
furnace to collect and condense zinc vapor created by heating ore in retort: Charges retort with
mixture of ore and coal, using skip-loader. Lifts and positions condenser in front of retort, using
tongs. Seals joint between retort and condenser by spreading finely ground and dampened
mixture of coal and loam to prevent escape of zinc vapor. Banks mouth of condenser with
mixture of coal and ore or waste material to prevent zinc from overflowing while allowing
combustion gases to escape.
512.687-014 THIRD HELPER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: open-hearth-furnace laborer
Performs any combination of following duties involved in
operation of open-hearth furnaces: Moves controls to open and close furnace doors. Removes
molten metal in low spots or pockets of furnace floor, using $T3air lance.$T1 Shovels refractory
materials onto furnace bottom. Transports additives from bins to furnace. Shovels additives into
furnace and ladle. Cleans and reams furnace taphole and pries solidified metal from pouring
spout, using reaming rod and bar. Sprays slag with water, using hose. Maintains tools and
equipment required for furnace operations. Cleans charging floor and furnace areas.
513 ROASTING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with heating ore and concentrates in calciners, furnaces, or kilns to remove moisture or to drive off impurities.
513.132-010 CONVERTER SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operating converter furnaces to produce metallic copper from copper matte, or in mixing,
roasting, or drying copper concentrate prior to smelting operation: Monitors processing to verify
conformance to specifications. Inspects equipment to detect malfunctions or defects and assigns
worker to make repairs or adjustments. Demonstrates operation and maintenance of machines
and equipment to new workers, and explains plant layout, processing techniques, and safety
regulations to orient new workers. May be designated according to operation supervised as
Roaster Supervisor (smelt. & refin.). Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
513.362-010 CALCINER OPERATOR (mine & quarry; smelt. & refin.)
Controls calciners and allied equipment from instrumented
panelboard to heat ore slurry, dry slurry, and drive off impurities: Monitors recording
instruments, flowmeters, panel lights, and other indicators, and listens for warning signals on
panel to operate calciner, conveyor system, and allied equipment. Turns screws and knobs on
panelboard to control feed rate, temperature, and conveying of ore. Examines calcined ore to
determine, by color, that it meets company specifications. Confers with other departments to
adjust steam, water, and fuel supply, using telephone or radio. Confers with supervisor to report
equipment failure or malfunction, and to resolve problems in process changes. Maintains record
of steam, water, and fuel used during shift. Records process changes, malfunctions, and other
actions in shift log and operator's sheet. Examines calciners and allied equipment, such as
conveyor belts and chutes, blowers, pumps, compressors, and power lines, waterlines, and air
lines, for wear or defects. Periodically cleans calciner, working as member of team, and using
airhammer, water hose, pick, shovel, and wheelbarrow. When drying copper ore, may be
designated Reactor Operator (smelt. & refin.).
513.462-010 FURNACE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Operates furnace to remove moisture, arsenic, or sulfur from
ore: Charges top hearth of roaster with ore, regulating rate of charge by means of chute door.
Determines speed with which roaster is being charged by weighing sample of charge ore
obtained over measured interval of time. Starts rabbles (automatic rakes) that scrape hearth beds
continually and move ore from one hearth to next lower one. Regulates draft and temperature of
roaster by adjusting dampers and gas pressure. Replaces rabble arms by detaching arm from shaft
with bar and removing it with hoist. Replaces defective rabble teeth. Directs workers in removing
incrustations from hearth beds. Removes samples of roasted ore for laboratory analysis. May
clean arms and rabbles with scrapers and iron bars. May determine oxide content of dried ore by
titrating specified amount of flakes and calculating percentage. May replace defective parts and
clean equipment.
513.565-010 KILN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends battery of rotary kilns in which hydrated alumina is
calcined: Moves levers and switches to start kilns and regulate their speed. Adjusts controls to
regulate temperature, pressure, and rate of flow of oil, gas, air, flue gases, and steam vapor.
Directs DEWATERER OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) in regulating flow of hydrated alumina
into kilns. Turns valves to adjust water supply to cooler coils, kiln trunnions, and water-cooled
bearings. Inspects kilns, carriages, and drive mechanisms for signs of faulty operation or
overheating. Keeps log of operational data, such as air temperature and oil or gas pressure. May
lubricate valves and adjust packing glands to prevent leaks. May tend air slides and bucket
elevators to convey alumina to storage bins.
513.587-010 KILN-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: calcination helper
Assists KILN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) in calcining
hydrated alumina in rotary kilns: Moves controls to direct flow of alumina through standby
equipment. Lubricates valves with grease guns. Adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks, using
handtools. Cleans coolers, using $T3air lance.$T1 Observes flow of alumina through kilns,
inspects equipment, and reports defects or malfunctions to KILN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.).
Takes sample of alumina in bucket for laboratory analysis. Records weights of alumina stored.
Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
513.667-010 CALCINER-OPERATOR HELPER (mine & quarry; smelt. & refin.)
Records machine and equipment readings in shift log at
specified intervals, examines machines and equipment for malfunctions, and draws composite
samples of ore at various stages of processing for laboratory testing: Reads gauges and records
water and oil levels, temperatures, and pressures at specified intervals. Examines motors for
leaks or hot bearings, conveyor belts for buildup or spillage, belt rollers for squeaks that indicate
wear or belt misalignment, oil level in sight glasses, and exhaust fans for dirt and dust buildup.
Turns handle to reposition filter on fluidizing blower. Dips sample of ore into bucket or jar at
various stages of processing to collect composite sample for laboratory analysis. Notifies
CALCINER OPERATOR (mine & quarry; smelt. & refin.) of machine and equipment
malfunctions.
513.682-010 ROTARY-KILN OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Operates rotary kiln in which cinnabar (mercuric sulfide ore)
is volatilized to obtain free mercury: Ignites oil burner and turns fuel and air pressure valves to
heat kiln to specified temperature. Sets controls to regulate conveyor speed and rotation of kiln.
Observes gauges and flow of ore into kiln and turns controls to maintain temperature and amount
of ore in kiln. Lubricates and repairs kiln and equipment.
513.685-010 SINTER FEEDER (steel & rel.)
Tends table-feeding equipment that regulates flow of finely
ground iron ore, coke, and flue dust from storage bins onto sintering machine conveyors: Starts
table feeder and conveyor and adjusts rheostats to regulate speed of vibrating feeders. Moves
controls to regulate opening of feed gate according to rate of flow of material onto conveyor.
Observes equipment to detect malfunctions. Clears clogged chutes or feed gates, using bar and
shovel. Fills sample box with material on conveyor, weighs sample, and records weight. Reads
weightometer scale and records weights of material being processed.
514 POURING AND CASTING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with pouring, injecting, centrifuging, or pressing molten or powdered metal into a mold or other receptacle, and permitting or causing it to solidify.
514.130-010 PERMANENT-MOLD SUPERVISOR (foundry; nonfer. metal)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
producing nonferrous metal castings by permanent-mold process: Verifies setup of
permanent-mold casting machines. Consults with LAY-OUT INSPECTOR (machine shop)
600.281-014 to check layout of castings and to determine cause of casting defects, such as core
shift, mold shift, or pouring temperature. Initiates changes in mold and core alignment, pouring
temperature, or timing cycle of casting machine to correct defects. Trains new workers in
departmental or job procedures. May perform minor maintenance on permanent-mold casting
machines. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
514.130-014 SUPERVISOR, DIE CASTING (foundry; smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
setting up and operating diecasting machines, applying knowledge of diecasting process and
properties of molten metal: Reads work orders to determine type of diecasting machines to be
used. Initiates changes in timing of casting cycle, lubrication of dies, cooking of dies, or spacing
between dies to correct defects in castings. Trains new workers in job duties. May supervise
operation of melting furnaces and trim presses. May adjust thermostats to control temperatures of
molten metal. May set up diecasting machines for workers. May be required to have experience
with specific materials or type of machine. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR
(any industry) Master Title.
514.131-010 INSPECTOR, CHIEF (foundry)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
inspecting and measuring metal castings: Lays out reference points on sample castings and
verifies dimensions against blueprints [LAY-OUT INSPECTOR (machine shop) 600.281-014].
Inspects rejected castings for defects, such as blowholes, cracks, and rough spots, to determine
repairs required to salvage castings. May weigh and count castings, and record inspection data on
standard form. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master
Title.
514.134-010 TAPPER SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
tapping molten aluminum from reduction pots: Inserts metal rod into pots and inspects coating
deposited on rod to determine amount of metal to tap. Moves hand controls to raise and lower
anode and to control voltage drop in pot during tapping. Records pot number on outside of
crucible, using chalk. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry)
Master Title.
514.137-010 SUPERVISOR, PIG-MACHINE (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
casting molten iron into pigs, and in cleaning blast furnace area, pig machine, and slag pits.
Coordinates movement of materials into and out of department. Performs duties as described
under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
514.137-014 SUPERVISOR, PIT-AND-AUXILIARIES (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
preparing equipment for tapping furnace, teeming (pouring) molten steel in molds, and stripping
and weighing ingots. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master
Title.
514.360-010 DIE-CASTING-MACHINE SETTER (foundry)
Sets up diecasting machines that cast parts, such as
automobile trim, carburetor housings, and motor parts from nonferrous metals, such as zinc,
aluminum, or magnesium: Lifts specified die sections into machine, using chain fall or hoist.
Secures die sections in position and adjusts stroke of ram, using handtools. Connects water hoses
to cooling system of die. Preheats die sections with torch or electric heater. Turns valves and sets
dials to regulate flow of water circulating through die, timing cycle, and operating speed of
machine, based on size and structure of part to be cast and type and temperature of metal being
used. Starts machine to produce sample casting, and examines casting to verify setup. May clean
diecasting machines, using high-pressure steam hose and detergent. May perform maintenance
on machine or dies, such as replacing pipelines or hoses, lubricating machine, or replacing
ejector pins in dies. May verify machine setups and adjust malfunctioning machines and be
designated Die-Casting-Machine Maintainer (foundry). May dismantle dies for repair by DIE
MAKER, STAMPING (machine shop).
514.362-010 PIG-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.) alternate titles: mold-car operator
Operates pig machine to pour molten iron into molds to cast
pig iron: Starts conveyor that positions mold under spout of pig-machine ladle. Moves controls
to tilt ladle, allowing molten iron to flow into mold. Observes filling operation to detect sticking
of molten iron to inside of molds, and signals LIME MIXER TENDER (steel & rel.) to spray
additional lime on walls of molds. Performs maintenance, such as relining iron runners, repairing
pig machine chains, and replacing broken molds, using handtools, bars, and jib crane.
514.382-010 DIE-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR I (foundry)
Sets up and operates diecasting machine to cast parts, such as
automobile trim, carburetor housings, and motor parts from nonferrous metals, such as zinc,
aluminum, or magnesium: Lifts specified die sections into machine, using chain fall or hoist.
Bolts die section in position and adjusts stroke of ram, using handtools. Connects water hose to
cooling system of die. Preheats die sections with torch or electric heater. Turns valves and sets
dial to regulate flow of water circulating through die and to control speed of machine, based on
size and structure of part being cast and type and temperature of metal being used. Blows metal
fragments from die surfaces, using airhose, and brushes lubricant into die cavity and onto
plunger. Hand ladles molten metal into chamber of machine when operating cold-chamber
machine. Pushes button to close and lock dies and activate plunger that forces molten metal into
die cavities. Removes casting after dies open automatically, using pliers or tongs. Inspects
casting for defects. May inspect castings, using fixed gauges. May dip castings in water to cool
them. May load metal ingots into melting furnace, and transfer molten metal to heated reservoir
of diecasting machine, using hand ladle.
514.562-010 CENTRIFUGAL-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR III (foundry)
Operates centrifugal casting machine to cast artillery barrels:
Grinds rough spots from inside of mold with grinding wheel mounted on end of long rod. Fills
pits on inside surface of mold with refractory material. Fits refractory stoppers into ends of mold.
Mounts pouring box, which serves as funnel for pouring melt from furnace into mold, on special
frame at breech end of mold and fits spout of box through hole in stopper. Starts machine
rotating at specified speed. Directs OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry)
921.663-010 in positioning portable furnace containing melt for pouring, and pushes electric
controls to tilt furnace and pour melt into pouring box. Forces casting from mold, using hydraulic
ram. Observes instruments and records data, such as temperature of mold before and after
pouring and time required to complete pour. May operate machine from control board and be
designated Casting-Machine-Control-Board Operator (foundry).
514.567-010 MOLD WORKER (steel & rel.)
Removes steel ingots from molds after casting, and prepares
molds for additional castings: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry)
921.663-010 to lift mold, and knocks out ingot, using handtools and sledge. Marks casting code
on ingot with paint or chalk. Examines mold and supporting plates for dirt, cracks, or breaks, and
removes dirt and metal particles, using scraper, wire brush, and airhose. Mixes mold wash
according to formula, and coats mold, using spray gun; or signals OVERHEAD CRANE
OPERATOR (any industry) to dip mold in tar tank.
514.582-010 VACUUM CASTER (foundry)
Operates vacuum casting machine to produce molten metal
and pour castings of high density: Removes ceramic mold from preheat oven, using tongs, and
places it on lift in lower air lock of machine. Closes and clamps air-lock door. Inserts
premeasured metal charge into upper air lock. Starts pumps to create specified vacuum in air
locks. Pulls levers that cause ram to push charge into melting pot in vacuum chamber. Turns on
current and adjusts temperature controls of furnace. Determines when molten metal is ready to
pour by observing color through glass-covered opening, or by measuring temperature of molten
metal with pyrometer. Moves controls that cause lift to raise mold from lower air lock to vacuum
chamber. Pulls lever that causes furnace to invert and pour molten metal into mold.
514.584-010 INGOT HEADER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: billet header; casting header; header
Pours molten, nonferrous metals into solidifying ingots to
compensate for shrinkage that occurs when ingots cool in their molds: Dumps specified amount
of metal and flux into pot of gas- or oil-fired furnace. Reads temperature indicators and adjusts
furnace flame to melt heading metal. Adds metal to molds to compensate for shrinkage, using
ladle. Stencils identifying characters on top of solidified ingots, using special hammer tool.
Opens mold and removes ingot, using tongs.
514.662-010 CASTING OPERATOR (nonfer. metal)
Controls pouring station in which aluminum and aluminum
alloys are cast into ingots: Regulates flow of molten metal from ladle or directly from melting
furnace into trough feeding casting molds of casting unit. Regulates flow of metal from trough
into molds by adjusting screw valves at bottom of trough. Controls cooling conditions of casting
unit by maintaining constant level of metal in molds and regulating series of valves to spray
water against molds to produce ingots of uniform crystalline structure. Signals OVERHEAD
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to remove ingots.
514.664-010 CUPOLA TAPPER (foundry)
Draws molten metal from cupola into ladles for pouring into
molds to make castings: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010
or POURER, METAL (foundry) to place ladle under cupola spout. Withdraws bott (clay plug)
from taphole, using long iron rod, and allows molten metal to flow into ladle. Inserts new plug
on end of rod when ladle is full. Molds clay plugs by hand and affixes them to rods.
514.664-014 TAPPER (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.)
Taps refining furnaces or reduction pots by one of following
methods to pour molten slag or nonferrous metal, such as copper or aluminum, into molds,
crucibles, or ladles: (1) Punches clay plug from taphole, using steel rod, to allow molten metal to
flow into molds. Molds clay plugs and inserts them into taphole to stop flow of metal, using rod,
or builds clay-retaining wall over taphole. Chips or burns away solidified slag and metal from
taphole, using chisel-edged bar, oxygen lance, or by short-circuiting current from $T3bus bar$T1
to taphole with steel rod. (2) Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry)
921.663-010 to place pouring crucible near pot. Breaks hole in crust of electrolytic bath, using
crowbar. Clamps siphon lid on crucible, and inserts other end of siphon into hole. Attaches
airhose to siphon, and turns valve to siphon molten metal into crucible. Lowers anode into bath,
using pulley to maintain its position beneath bath surface.
514.667-010 CASTING-WHEEL-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Removes castings from molds by performing any
combination of following duties: Brushes and sprays empty molds with water and bone ash or
clay to prevent castings from sticking to mold. Chips and removes surplus bone ash, using
chipping hammer and vacuum hose. Turns valves to adjust water sprays to cool molds or to
loosen and drop castings from inverted molds. Pries castings from molds, using bar. Attaches
crane hooks to lugs and signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010
to lift casting from mold. May mix water, bone ash, or clay to specified consistency for coating
molds.
514.667-014 PIG-MACHINE-OPERATOR HELPER (steel & rel.)
Assists PIG-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to cast
pig iron: Observes pouring operations and signals PIG-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to
stop flow of metal from ladle when molds overflow or mechanical malfunction occurs. Knocks
pieces of iron and slag from ladle lips, pouring spout, or iron runners, using pole. Cleans slag and
iron from pouring equipment and pig machine, using bars and sledges. Performs other duties as
described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
514.667-018 SPOUT WORKER (smelt. & refin.)
Directs pouring of slag from ladle through spout into
reverberatory furnace used for smelting: Raises furnace door, using lever or air hoist. Guides
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 by signal horn and lights in
positioning ladle over spout and pouring slag. Sprays water on inner walls of spout to remove
encrusted slag, or pries slag loose with iron bar. Shovels slag into car or furnace. Patches cracks
in spout with moist clay, smoothing surface with hand or shovel. Scatters slurry of silica and clay
evenly over inner surface of spout to decrease slag-crust during pouring operation. May guide
DINKEY OPERATOR (any industry) into position over furnace, using hand signals. May record
amount of slag dumped into furnace on analysis sheet.
514.682-010 CASTING-WHEEL OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: pourer
Operates rotating casting wheel to pour molten nonferrous
metal, such as copper, lead, or aluminum into molds to form ingots: Moves control lever to rotate
wheel and position mold under pouring spout of kettle or furnace. Pulls lever to remove stopper
from bottom of kettle or to tilt ladle to allow metal to flow into mold. Rotates wheel to spot
successive molds under spout. Observes process to ensure that castings are dumped and that
molds are returned to starting position. May spray empty molds with coating to prevent metal
from sticking to mold [CASTING-WHEEL-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)]. May skim
slag or dross from metal in furnace with rake or hoe [FURNACE HELPER (nonfer. metal; smelt.
& refin.)]. May divert stream of metal into bucket, using hose, to obtain samples for laboratory.
May operate pump to force lead from kettle into mold. May skim impurities, using spatula or
spoon, and solidify molten lead by regulating flow of water in water-cooled mold. May observe
furnace gauge to verify that temperature of molten metal meets specifications. May change
pouring spout, using chain hoist and handtools. May operate casting-wheel machine that
advances molds automatically at predetermined rate.
514.682-014 PRESS OPERATOR, CARBON BLOCKS (smelt. & refin.)
Operates press that forms carbon paste into anodes used in
metal-reduction pots: Pushes panel buttons to activate hopper, chain conveyor, cooling chamber
belt, and power rolls. Turns valve to regulate flow of water to carbon cooling chamber. Observes
signal light on hopper which indicates hopper is filled and paste is discharged into mold. Starts
mechanical vibrator to pack mix in mold. Moves levers to synchronize rotation of index table
with dropping of ram to press mix into blocks. Adjusts ram stroke to press carbon block to
specified size, using wrench. Stops press when warning light indicates malfunction or when mold
is overheated. Removes rejects from conveyor, using pneumatic ram.
514.684-010 CASTER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: metal pourer
Casts nonferrous metal into pigs and transports them to
storage, using handtools and forklift: Secures hook to eye on bottom of crucible and signals
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to position crucible and pour
metal into stationary molds. Turns handwheel and moves levers to regulate flow of metal from
furnace into conveyor molds. Skims slag from surface of pigs into dross buggy, using dross hoe,
metal rake, or carbon stick. Installs and changes stencils in automatic stenciler, or stamps
identifying information on pigs with hammer and die. Removes pigs from mold, using crowbar,
or sets pins and hooks chain for crane to lift pigs from molds. Shovels scrap metal into buggy for
return to furnace. Moves pigs to storage area, using forklift. Inserts fire clay on end of rod into
taphole to seal furnace.
514.684-014 LADLE POURER (smelt. & refin.)
Casts refined lead into molds moving along conveyor belt:
Connects pipelines from kettle to ladle, and preheats pipes, valves, and ladle with gas burner to
prevent hardening of metal. Controls flow of metal into ladle, and pours lead into molds by
tilting ladle. Skims oxide from surface of metal in molds.
514.684-018 NOZZLE-AND-SLEEVE WORKER (nonfer. metal)
Removes, replaces, and adjusts nozzles and cylinders
(sleeves) of diecasting machines: Disconnects and removes gooseneck (spout) from gooseneck
machine, using wrenches, chain falls, and hoist. Knocks nozzle loose with bar and hammer.
Drives replacement nozzle into gooseneck. Reinstalls gooseneck in metal pot, aligning nozzle
with gate according to scale measurements. Removes plunger from sleeve of cold-shot machine,
using wrenches, and pushes defective sleeve from machine. Installs new sleeve by inserting
holding pin, making screw adjustments, and taking scale measurements. Periodically inspects
nozzle and sleeve adjustments along machine line. Assists other workers in adjusting, installing,
and removing diecasting machine nozzles and cylinders. Keeps records of sleeve and nozzle
adjustments and replacements. May replace movable gooseneck setup with new parts.
514.684-022 POURER, METAL (foundry) alternate titles: ladle handler
Pours molten metal from ladle into molds to produce metal
castings: Tilts ladle or opens pouring spout by turning handwheel or moving levers to pour metal
into sand molds. Skims slag off molten metal, using strainer device, or tilts ladle to dump out
slag. May move ladle from cupola or furnace to work station, manually or using overhead
monorail or chain fall. May be designated according to type of ladle used as Pourer, Buggy Ladle
(foundry); Pourer, Bull Ladle (foundry); Pourer, Crane Ladle (foundry); Pourer, Crucible
(foundry).
514.685-010 CENTRIFUGAL-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR I (foundry)
Tends centrifugal casting machine that casts tubular metal
products, such as pipes, brakedrums, or bushings: Lays specified mold on spinning mechanism.
Brushes dirt and metal fragments from inside of mold. Places and fastens cover on ends of mold.
Preheats mold with torch. Starts machine and sprays insulation on inside surface of rotating
mold. Pours molten metal into mold, using hand ladle. Allows mold to spin for specified time to
solidify metal against mold walls. Unfastens mold cover and removes casting, using tongs or
hydraulic ram. May set machine controls to rotate mold at specified speed.
514.685-014 CENTRIFUGAL-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR II (foundry)
Tends one station on indexing-type centrifugal casting
machine, performing any combination of following tasks involved in casting metal: Removes dirt
and metal fragments from mold, using brush, water, or airhose. Fastens cover on end of mold.
Starts mold rotating, and sprays insulation on inside surface of mold. Pours specified amount of
metal into mold, using hand or crane ladle. Moves levers on tilting furnace to control flow of
metal into pouring ladle. Removes cover on end of mold, and pulls casting from mold, using
tongs. May be designated according to task performed as Dumper, Mold Cleaner (foundry);
Puller (foundry); Sprayer (foundry).
514.685-018 DIE-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR II (foundry)
Tends diecasting machine that casts parts, such as automobile
trim, carburetor housings, and motor parts from nonferrous metals, such as zinc, aluminum, or
magnesium: Turns valves to regulate flow of water circulating through dies. Blows metal
fragments from die surfaces, using airhose, and brushes lubricant over die cavity and plunger.
Ladles molten metal into chamber by hand when using cold chamber machine. Pushes button to
close and lock dies and activate plunger that forces molten metal into die cavities. Removes
casting after dies open automatically, using tongs or pliers. Inspects casting for defects, such as
cracks or bubbles. May measure casting, using fixed gauges. May dip castings in water to cool.
May regulate speed of machine.
514.685-022 LIME MIXER TENDER (steel & rel.)
Tends mixing machine that mixes lime and water, and sprays
mixture on interior of molds to prevent cast iron from sticking to molds: Shovels lime into
mixing machine, starts machine, and opens valve to allow water to enter machine to obtain
mixture of specified consistency. Cleans molds, using airhose. Starts pump of spray gun, and
sprays molds. Observes coating on molds, and adjusts spray gun and consistency of mixture to
obtain specified coating. Sprays water on molds containing molten iron to cool metal, using hose.
Removes stuck pigs from molds, using bar.
514.685-026 TUBE-CLEANING OPERATOR (foundry)
Tends machine that extracts core pipe from interior of tubular
castings: Strikes end of core pipe with sledge to loosen baked sand between casting and core
pipe. Inserts end of core pipe through holding block and secures pipe between jaws set on dolly.
Starts machine that pushes and pulls dolly along tracks, pulling out core pipe while casting
strikes against holding block. Cleans casting, using airhose and wire brush.
514.687-010 CASTING INSPECTOR (foundry) alternate titles: casting tester; final inspector; soft-iron inspector
Inspects metal castings for dimensional accuracy and surface
defects: Measures dimensions of casting, using fixed gauges. Examines casting for defects, such
as cracks and blowholes. Separates and marks defective castings according to salvage operation
required. May chip surplus metal from casting, using hammer and chisel. May tap casting with
hammer to determine from sound if casting has been heattreated or to detect defects, such as
cracks or thin walls.
514.687-014 CASTING-HOUSE WORKER (nonfer. metal)
Assists aluminum foundry workers by performing variety of
manual tasks: Skims dross from furnaces. Loads handtrucks with ingots or sorted scrap. May sort
and weigh metal, charge furnaces, and transport metal. May mark heat number on billets. May
operate tier-lift truck to transport materials.
514.687-018 CASTING-OPERATOR HELPER (nonfer. metal)
Assists CASTING OPERATOR (nonfer. metal) in casting
aluminum alloys into ingots: Places distributing trough between furnace taphole and mold.
Positions baffle plates, screens, and control pins in trough, using handtools. Takes sample of
molten metal for subsequent analysis. Skims dross off molten aluminum in holding furnace,
using drag rake. Inserts thermocouple into mold and records temperature of ingot. Examines
ingot for cracks, using reflectoscope. Stencils identification numbers on ingots. Hooks cable to
ingot for removal by OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010. Performs
other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
515 CRUSHING AND GRINDING OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with reducing ore or concentrate to granules, grits, powder, paste, or pulp, or otherwise changing it from larger to smaller particles by such means as compression, smashing, cutting, grinding, or any combination of these methods.
515.130-010 MILL SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: supervisor, grinding; supervisor, ore dressing
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
crushing, grinding, and concentrating ore preparatory to further processing or shipment:
Observes meters, gauges, recording instruments, and operation of machines and equipment to
detect malfunctions, faulty operation by worker, or need for repairs. Orders adjustments and
repairs to restore machines and equipment to production specifications. Directs dismantling, and
inspects parts to determine cause of malfunction or breakdown. Demonstrates and explains
machine operation and processes to new workers. May determine time, duration, and sequence of
utilizing ore from silos, and rates of extraction to attain blend of ore specified on work order.
Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
515.132-010 CRUSHER SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
transporting, crushing, and storing ore, skimmings, and other residue. Trains workers in
operation of equipment. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry)
Master Title.
515.382-010 GRINDING-MILL OPERATOR (mine & quarry; smelt. & refin.)
Operates panelboard to control machinery and equipment,
such as conveyor belts, vibrating feeders, rod and ball mills, centrifugal separators, distributors,
magnetic separators, and pumps, to grind ore and scrap metal and to separate iron particles from
gangue: Sets and adjusts automatic controls on panel to regulate feed flow of conveyors, flow of
lubricant to rod and ball mill bearings, and flow of water to mills and separators. Starts grinding
and separating machinery and equipment. Observes lights, dials, and gauges, and turns levers or
pushes buttons on panel to adjust operating conditions, such as temperature of mill bearings,
amount of electric current flowing through mill drive motors, and rate of ore and scrap metal
flowing from feeder conveyors. Records number of machinery breakdowns and repairs, number
of rods and balls charged into mills, and amount of ore and scrap metal processed. May pass
hand magnet over sludge to determine extent of separation of iron particles from gangue by
magnetic separators.
515.567-010 WEIGHER-AND-CRUSHER (smelt. & refin.)
Weighs and crushes zinc ore and other materials, using
platform scale, crusher, and handtools: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any
industry) 921.663-010 to lower loaded bucket of zinc ore onto platform scale. Balances scale
beam. Records weight of materials and signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any
industry) to dump them into crusher. Starts vibrating screens that crush ore and separate it
according to size. Shovels unscreened ore back into crusher. Scoops samples of ore from
conveyor belt for laboratory analysis. Opens bin gate to fill bucket with sintered ore. Levels ore
in bucket, using bar and shovel. Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) to
remove filled bucket and to replace it with empty one. Moves empty or filled buckets on cars
about yard and plant, using power-driven winch.
515.585-010 SCALE-RECLAMATION TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends conveying and grinding equipment that reclaims
aluminum-hydrate scale: Moves controls to regulate conveyor flow of hydrate scale to hammer
mill and rodmill. Turns valves to add plant liquor to rodmill to maintain specified slurry density.
Clears hoppers, pan feeders, and conveying equipment of accumulated materials, using bar,
hammer, or shovel. Cleans conveyors, idlers, and pulleys, using scrapers and cleaning tools.
Turns valves and starts pumps to switch product flow through auxiliary units. Catches product
samples. Keeps operating log. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks.
515.685-010 BATCH MAKER (nonfer. metal; steel & rel.)
Tends equipment that mills and recovers powdered metal
used in powder metallurgy: Pours specified amount of powder into ball mill. Screws covers on
drum and straps drum to ball mill machine rack. Starts motor that rotates drum to grind powder
by tumbling action of metal balls. Inserts filter bag and sieve in centrifuge drum. Opens water
valve to flush milled powder from mill through sieve and filter bag into centrifuge. Starts
centrifuge that separates water from powder. Pours extracted powder into trays for drying.
Charges ball mill with additional balls as specified.
515.685-014 CRUSHER TENDER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: ore crusher
Tends machine that breaks ore, skimmings, furnace residue,
clay pieces, pot-room butts, or green carbon scrap into smaller sizes for further processing: Starts
crusher. Regulates flow of materials into crusher from conveyors, chutes, or bins. Prods large
lumps with bar to force them through crusher. Breaks oversize lumps with sledgehammer.
Maintains uniform flow of crushed materials to screens or roll crushers for further sizing by
controlling movement of conveyor belt or feeder. Cleans, lubricates, and makes minor repairs to
crusher. May remove scrap wood or iron by hand or with an electromagnet. May operate
vibrating screens to separate materials within size ranges. May select samples of materials, using
shovel or mechanical sampler. May tend control panel to monitor crushing machines that clean
anode assemblies and be designated Anode-Assembly Cleaner (smelt. & refin.) I.
515.685-018 STAMPING-MILL TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends stamping mills that crush ore to specified fineness:
Turns valve to regulate flow of ore and water over plates beneath stamps. Examines crushed ore
at outflow of mill to determine degree of fineness. Adjusts raising and dropping sequence of
stamps. Replaces broken stamps, plates, and shafts.
515.686-010 BATTERY-WRECKER OPERATOR (nonfer. metal)
Loads conveyor of battery-crushing machine: Lifts batteries
from stockpile. Loads conveyor of machine that crushes batteries and separates plastic, metal,
and lead-bearing acid. Listens for machine jams and other malfunctions. Dislodges jams, using
metal bar or air compressor. Notifies designated worker of major malfunctions. May operate
industrial truck to move pallets of batteries from storage area to work area.
515.687-010 HAMMER-MILL OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: shredder operator
Prepares iron and steel machine-tool cuttings for use in
making ferrosilicon by selecting scraps of desired thickness and breaking them up in hammer
mill.
518 MOLDERS, COREMAKERS, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with making molds or cores to be used in casting metal in foundries.
518.361-010 MOLDER (aircraft mfg.; concrete prod.; foundry) alternate titles: sand molder
Forms sand molds to fabricate metal castings, using patterns
or match plates, flasks, handtools and power tools, following instructions and applying
knowledge of variables, such as metal characteristics, molding sand, pattern contours, and
pouring procedures: Places flask and drag onto $T3molding board$T1 and positions pattern
inside drag. Sprinkles or sprays parting agent onto pattern and flask, to facilitate removal of
pattern from mold, and positions reinforcing wire in flask. Sifts sand over pattern, using riddle,
and compacts sand around pattern contours. Shovels and packs sand into flask, using hand or
pneumatic ramming tools. Inverts drag, positions cope half of pattern and flask onto drag, and
repeats sand molding operation to imbed pattern into cope. Lifts cope from drag and removes
pattern. Cuts runner and sprue hole into mold and repairs damaged impressions, using handtools,
such as slick, trowel, spoon, and sprue cutter. Positions specified cores into drag and reassembles
cope and drag. Moves and positions workpieces, such as flasks, patterns, and bottom boards,
using overhead crane, or signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010
to move and position workpieces. Pours molten metal into mold, manually or using crane ladle,
or directs POURER, METAL (foundry) 514.684-022 to fill mold. May form and assemble slab
cores around pattern to reinforce mold, using handtools and glue. May operate ovens or furnaces
to melt, skim, and flux metal. May form molds at bench and be designated Molder, Bench
(concrete prod.; foundry) or form molds on floor and be designated Molder, Floor (foundry).
518.361-014 MOLDER APPRENTICE (aircraft mfg.; concrete prod.; foundry) alternate titles: sand-molder apprentice
Performs duties as described under APPRENTICE (any
industry) Master Title.
518.361-018 MOLDER, SWEEP (foundry) alternate titles: floor molder, sweep method
Makes molds, using sweep method which is adaptable only in
cases where required casting is symmetrical: Assembles drag, flask, bottom plate, and spindle
(projects through center of flask). Shovel sand into flask, and compacts it by hand ramming.
Attaches sweep (board with bottom edge cut to shape corresponding to casting surface) and
rotates it about spindle, until mold impression (usually convex) is swept (scraped) to desired
shape. Places cope flask on drag, and shovels and compacts sand over drag mold which serves as
pattern for cope mold. Removes cope mold. Scrapes drag mold with smaller sweep to reduce size
of mold. Smooths and shapes mold surface, using slick and trowel. Assembles mold sections for
pouring. When making parts of large floor or pit mold, usually rectangular in shape, with sides
parallel and same impressions running full length of part of mold, draws sweep back and forth
along guides to scrape out desired impressions.
518.380-010 SETTER, MOLDING-AND-COREMAKING MACHINES (foundry) alternate titles: pattern setter
Sets up and adjusts molding and coremaking machines, such
as roll-over, squeeze, coremaking, and shell molding: Obtains specified pattern, moves pattern to
work station manually or using hoist, and bolts it to bed of mold or core forming machine, using
wrenches. Adjusts stops, height of squeeze or roll-over mechanism, and height of sand hopper
according to size of pattern or core, using handtools. Adjusts timing cycle of machines to
specified settings. Replaces worn parts, such as air lines, gaslines, gaskets, and core box vents,
using handtools.
518.381-010 BENCH-MOLDER APPRENTICE (jewelry-silver.) alternate titles: sand-caster apprentice
Performs duties as described under APPRENTICE (any
industry) Master Title.
518.381-014 COREMAKER (foundry) alternate titles: coremaker, experimental
Makes sand cores used in molds to form holes or hollows in
metal castings: Cleans core box with blast of compressed air. Dusts parting sand over inside of
core box to facilitate removal of finished core. Partially fills core box with sand by pulling cord
that releases sand from overhead chute or by using hands or shovel. Compacts sand in core box,
using hands, hand rammer, and air rammer. Bends reinforcing wires by hand, and inserts them in
sand. Fills core box and rams sand in tightly. Inverts core box onto metal plate, and lifts box
from sand core. Patches cracked or chipped places on core and smooths core surfaces, using
spoon and trowel. May bake cores to harden them. May assemble cores. May work at bench
making small cores and be designated Coremaker, Bench (foundry); or make large cores on floor
of foundry and be designated Coremaker, Floor (foundry).
518.381-018 COREMAKER APPRENTICE (foundry)
Performs duties as described under APPRENTICE (any
industry) Master Title.
518.381-022 MOLDER, BENCH (jewelry-silver.) alternate titles: sand caster
Casts metal molds to form jewelry articles: Forms plaster
mold of model. Builds sand mold in flask, using plaster mold as pattern. Places flask in furnace
or heats flask with blowtorch to dry and harden sand mold. Removes plaster mold from flask.
Melts metal in crucible or furnace, and pours molten metal into channel of sand mold to cast
metal mold. Opens flask and removes metal mold when metal has hardened, using pliers or
tongs.
518.484-010 PLASTER MOLDER II (foundry)
Forms plaster molds, used to make metal castings, using
molder's handtools, patterns, and flasks: Mixes plaster powder and water according to specified
formula. Places cope and drag on molding table. Places drag half of pattern in drag. Pours liquid
plaster into drag, removes excess plaster, using straightedge, and allows mold to harden.
Assembles cope half of pattern to drag half of pattern in mold. Places cope on drag and makes
depressions in plaster around drag pattern to ensure accurate joining of mold halves for casting.
Brushes parting agent on surfaces of mold, pattern, and flask, and pours liquid plaster into cope.
Separates cope and drag after specified time and removes pattern. Repairs cracks and broken
edges of mold, using molder's handtools, such as spoon, trowel, and slick. May cut gates and
risers in mold after mold is baked. May position cores in drag and assemble mold. May pour
molten metal into molds, using hand ladle. Makes plaster cores by pouring plaster in core box
and clamping box shut. May cast plaster molds from rubber molds, spraying parting agent on
mold face and pouring plaster into drag and cope.
518.664-010 MOLD MAKER (smelt. & refin.)
Forms molds used in casting copper: Assembles metal casting
frame on flat car, using wrench. Seals frame with fire clay, using trowel, and sprays interior of
frame and core with bone ash to prevent adherence of molten metal to core. Pushes car under
pouring spout of ladle. Moves lever to tilt ladle of molten copper and fill frame to indicated level.
Pulls lever to lower core, attached to hydraulic press ram, to imbed core in molten copper. Turns
valve to circulate water through core to solidify copper. Withdraws core when mold cools,
dismantles frame, and removes mold.
518.682-010 MACHINE MOLDER (foundry) alternate titles: machine line molder
Operates molding machine to form sand molds used in
production of metal castings: Assembles flask, pattern, and $T3follow board$T1 on molding
table of machine. Sifts sand over pattern, using riddle, and fills flask with sand by opening
hopper or using shovel. Packs sand around pattern contours, using ramming tool or pneumatic
hammer. Starts machine that compacts sand in flask to form mold. Cuts pouring spout and vents
in mold, using sprue cutter and wire. Lifts cope half of flask off drag half and removes pattern.
Cleans cavity of mold, using airhose. Positions cores in drag, and assembles cope and drag. May
set cores in mold cavity. May install pattern on bed of machine, and adjust pressure of ram. May
be designated by machine operated as Machine Molder, Roll-Over (foundry); Machine Molder,
Squeeze (foundry); or product molded as Molder, Fitting (foundry).
518.683-010 SAND-SLINGER OPERATOR (foundry)
Controls sand-slinging machine to pack sand in mold flask:
Engages controls to move machine along tracks and to position impeller head over flask. Starts
machine, and moves controls to guide impeller head back and forth to direct flow of sand into
flask. Cleans and oils machine. May replace worn parts in impeller head, using handtools.
518.684-010 CORE SETTER (foundry)
Positions cores in drag of sand mold. Examines mold and
cores for defects, such as cracks and broken surfaces, before mold is closed. Verifies spacing
between mold and cores, using gauges. May assist in closing mold. May operate hoist to move
and position large cores. May assemble groups of cores in fixture of automatic core-setting
machine.
518.684-014 COREMAKER, PIPE (foundry)
Makes clay cores around which ferrous and nonferrous pipe is
cast: Clamps rod in bench vises so that it can be rotated. Wraps rod with paper, straw, or jute,
tying it firmly in place with twine. Mixes mud, sand, and loam to form clay. Spreads clay over
wrapping, adding molasses to make mixture cohesive and working coating by hand so that it is
smooth and even. Spreads core blacking over core and places it in drying oven for specified time.
Removes dried core and applies second coating to bring core to specified diameter. Spreads
blacking on core and returns it to oven for final drying.
518.684-018 MOLD CLOSER (foundry) alternate titles: core mounter; core setter; finish molder; flask fitter; mold finisher
Cleans and assembles foundry molds to prepare them for
pouring: Cleans inside surface of sand molds with airhose. Positions cores in drags. Thrusts rod
into ventholes to remove obstructions. Fits and clamps cope and drag together to form flask.
Places runner cup over pouring hole. May patch and smooth damaged portions of mold, using
spoon or trowel. May assist in pouring metal into molds. May remove castings from molds.
518.684-022 WAX-PATTERN ASSEMBLER (foundry)
Assembles wax components of patterns used in lost-wax
casting process: Melts edges of wax components, using heated knife, and manually positions and
joins components. Repairs surface defects of patterns, such as holes and indentions, and smooths
and seals joints, using wax and heated knife.
518.684-026 WAX-PATTERN REPAIRER (foundry) alternate titles: inspector
Repairs wax patterns used in lost-wax casting process:
Inspects patterns for defects, such as cracks, seams, broken edges, and excess wax. Seals cracks,
seams, and joints, removes excess wax, and builds up damaged edges, using wax and heated
knife.
518.685-010 CORE-OVEN TENDER (foundry)
Tends baking oven that hardens and strengthens green sand
cores used in casting metal: Loads cores on racks, trays, or carts, and pushes them into oven.
Lights gas- or oil-fired furnace and turns valves to obtain specified temperature; or sets
thermostat and closes switch to heat element in electric furnace. Closes oven door and allows
cores to bake for specified time. Opens oven door and removes cores. May adjust baffle plates
that direct flow of heat in oven.
518.685-014 COREMAKER, MACHINE I (foundry) alternate titles: core stripper
Tends turnover draw-type coremaking machine that makes
sand cores for use in casting metal: Clamps core box over die on front table of machine, and
partly fills core box with sand from overhead chute, or by using hands or shovel. Depresses pedal
to open compressed-air valve that causes table to rise and fall with series of jolts, to compress
sand in box. Positions reinforcing wires in sand, fills box with sand, and repeats jolting. Tamps
sand into core box with hand or pneumatic tool. Removes excess sand from top of core box with
hands or straightedge and clamps metal plate to top of box. Pulls lever to roll front table over and
deposit box top down on rear table. Pushes rear table down to withdraw core from core box and
lifts core from machine.
518.685-018 COREMAKER, MACHINE II (foundry) alternate titles: tube coremaker
Tends conveyor-screw coremaking machine that extrudes
sand cores having uniform cross section: Installs specified core tube and conveyor screw in
machine, using handtools. Shovels sand into hopper, and tamps it down by hand. Positions core
plate at opening of core tube, and starts motor-driven or hand-operated conveyor screw which
forces sand through core tube and onto core plate. Cuts core at core tube opening when core fills
plate. May tend oven to bake cores. Cuts baked cores to specified lengths with saw.
518.685-022 COREMAKER, MACHINE III (foundry) alternate titles: core-blower operator
Tends blower-type coremaking machine to produce sand
cores: Removes sand and particles of dirt from pattern with compressed air or brush. Places core
box over pattern on bed of machine. Pulls lever or depresses pedal to blow and compact sand in
core box. Places plate or drier on top of core box and turns box over. Lifts core box from core
and lifts core from machine. May position reinforcing wires in core box before blowing in sand.
May perform only one of above operations on revolving, multiple station, blower-type
coremaking machine. May tend automatic blower-type coremaking machine and clean, glue, and
rack cores as they are ejected from machine. May tend machine equipped with double core box
and glue and clean cores from one box while machine forms and cures cores in other core box.
518.685-026 SHELL MOLDER (foundry)
Tends machine that makes shell molds used to produce metal
castings: Starts machine that automatically forms and cures shell. Strips cured shell halves from
machine and positions shell half on fixture of mold-closing machine. Brushes glue around edges
of shell half. Positions remaining shell half on top of lower half and activates ram that exerts
pressure on shell until glue has set. May glue and assemble shell halves by hand. May clamp,
wire, or bolt shell halves together. May bolt pattern and core box to bed of machine. May
produce cores on shell making machine and be designated Shell Coremaker (foundry).
518.685-030 SHELL-MOLD-BONDING-MACHINE OPERATOR (foundry) alternate titles: bonder; bonding-machine operator; shell mold bonder
Tends machine that bonds cope and drag together to form
completed shell mold: Turns dials of shell-mold bonding machine to heat upper pressure plate
and set pressure stroke of ram as specified. Positions drag onto lower pressure plate of machine.
Fills vibrator pan with bonding agent, and pushes button to sift bonding agent onto edge of drag.
Positions cope on drag, and pushes button or pulls lever which pushes hot plate onto cope to heat
and compress cope to drag. Knocks out sprue holes with iron rod. Directs airhose onto mold to
blow out loose sand. May tend machine that automatically releases pressure after specified
period of time. May assemble cores to drag and cope.
518.687-010 CORE CHECKER (foundry) alternate titles: core inspector
Verifies dimensions and shapes of cores for conformance to
specifications, using straightedge, gauges, and calipers: Places cores in fixtures, manually or
using hoist. Moves straightedge along surface of cores to verify contours. Verifies dimensions,
using gauges and calipers. Records tally of inspections on standard forms. May file high spots
from cores. May repair defects, such as cracks and broken edges. May clean flask from cores,
using wire scrapers or files. May inspect molds and be designated Mold Checker (foundry).
518.687-014 FOUNDRY LABORER, COREROOM (foundry) alternate titles: core fitter; coremaker helper; core paster
Performs any combination of following tasks involved in
coremaking: Pastes core sections together to form completed core. Brushes, dips, or sprays
solution, such as graphite, on cores to produce smooth finish. Carries and loads cores into oven.
Piles cores on racks for drying. Carries sand to coreroom. Forms core reinforcing rods and wires
into specified shape by hand or by machine. Pulls wires and rods from finished castings, using
pliers, hammer and chisel, and special hooks. Dresses cores, using handtools or power tools, such
as files, scrapers, and grinding wheel. May fill cracks in surface of core with putty or patching
sand, using putty knife.
518.687-018 MOLD-MAKER HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists MOLD MAKER (smelt. & refin.) in forming molds
used in casting copper: Measures and marks pouring level on insides of mold to obtain castings
of specified weights, using rules or gauges. Sprays inner surface of iron plugs with lampblack to
prevent copper from adhering to them. Fastens plug in bottom of mold with locking pin. Sprays
molds with steam or hot water to heat them to specified casting temperature. Cleans splashed
copper from mold car, using hammer and chisel. Performs other duties as described under
HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
518.687-022 WAX-PATTERN COATER (foundry) alternate titles: dipper
Covers wax foundry patterns with coating compound to form
shell mold used in lost-wax casting process: Dips pattern in suspension of silica sand and
chemical binder. Coats pattern by sifting materials, such as sand or aluminum oxide, onto
pattern; or places patterns in tumbling barrel, containing short fibers, to strengthen coating.
Repeats coatings as specified to form shell. Examines pattern for evenness of coating. Places
coated pattern clusters on cart and pushes cart into drying room, or places shell molds on
conveyor of tunnel oven to dry mold interiors. May place patterns in steam-pressure vessel to
melt pattern wax from shell.
519 ORE REFINING AND FOUNDRY OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. This group includes occupations, not elsewhere classified, concerned with refining ore, ore concentrate, pig, or scrap metal, and casting metal in foundries.
519.130-010 CELL-FEED-DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
concentrating, flaking, and drying magnesium chloride preparatory to obtaining magnesium by
electrolysis. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.130-014 SAMPLER, HEAD (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
crushing, drying, screening, and testing samples of ores preparatory to assaying them. Performs
duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.130-018 SUPERVISOR, LEAD REFINERY (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
refining lead, casting it into ingots, and preparing ingots for shipment. Performs duties as
described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.130-022 SUPERVISOR, REVERBERATORY FURNACE (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operating reverberatory furnaces and casting machines to smelt and cast copper: Observes gauges
and color of flames in furnace and adjusts valves to ensure combustion of fuels. Regulates
furnace dampers to maintain specified temperatures. Observes color and surface characteristics of
bath to determine pouring temperatures and oxygen content of copper. Inspects operation of
casting wheels to ensure uniform product. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.130-026 SUPERVISOR, SINTERING PLANT (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
moving, mixing, sintering, and crushing ore concentrates to remove impurities preparatory to
smelting process. May supervise workers engaged in calcining phosphate rock and be designated
Supervisor, Calcining (smelt. & refin.). Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
519.130-030 SUPERVISOR, URANIUM PROCESSING (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
processing uranium ore to recover uranium oxide. Trains workers in setup and operation of
equipment. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.131-010 FOUNDRY SUPERVISOR (foundry)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
making cores and molds, in charging, operating, and tapping furnaces, in pouring molten metal
into molds, and in chipping, grinding, and sandblasting castings: Examines materials and
products at various stages of processing for conformance to specifications. Observes machines
and equipment for malfunction and orders adjustments or repairs, or directs workers to make
adjustments or repairs. Trains workers in foundry processes and in operation of machines and
equipment. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
May be designated according to part of process supervised as Casting Supervisor (foundry);
Coremaking Supervisor (foundry); Cupola-Melting Supervisor (foundry); Finishing Supervisor
(foundry); Mold-Making Supervisor (foundry); Shell-Core-And-Molding Supervisor (foundry);
Wax-Room Supervisor (foundry).
519.131-014 MILL-LABOR SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
maintaining ball mills, classifiers, flotation machines, and other ore-dressing equipment, and in
cleaning offices, rest rooms, and work areas. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.132-010 SUPERVISOR, BLAST FURNACE (steel & rel.) alternate titles: blower, blast furnace
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
operation of blast furnace to produce molten pig iron: Directs workers in charging furnace with
specified amounts of raw materials, such as iron ore, coke, and limestone. Observes color of
molten metal through tuyeres, or reads pyrometer and orders changes in furnace temperature and
pressure. Estimates amounts of ferrosilicon, manganese, and phosphorous to add to molten metal
to obtain specified type of pig iron. Directs workers in flushing and tapping furnace and in
positioning ladles to receive molten metal. Observes color of molten metal flowing in runners
during casting operations to determine quality of iron. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.132-014 SUPERVISOR, BLAST-FURNACE-AUXILIARIES (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
unloading, crushing, screening, blending, and sintering iron ore. Directs workers in stockpiling
materials, such as sinter cake, manganese, and limestone for blast furnace operations. Trains
workers in operation of equipment. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
519.132-018 SUPERVISOR, CELL OPERATION (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
electrolytic refining of magnesium and in making hydrochloric acid from chlorine freed during
refining process. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.132-022 SUPERVISOR, SOLDER MAKING (nonfer. metal)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
refining scrap solder and tin and lead alloy with refined scrap to make solder: Directs workers in
weighing tin, lead, and scrap solder and in refining operations. Molds and weighs test piece to
compute ratio of tin and lead in refined metal. Computes amounts of tin, lead, and refined solder
to be used in making solder according to formula. Directs workers in melting and mixing metals
in melting pot, molding solder, weighing, recording weights, and packing. Performs other duties
as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.134-010 POT-LINING SUPERVISOR (smelt. & refin.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
relining aluminum-reduction pots with carbon paste to form cathode. Inspects work to verify
conformance to standards. Trains new workers in job duties. Performs duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.137-010 SUPERVISOR, MOLD YARD (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
cleaning and coating molds used to cast steel ingots, and in relining and repairing mold covers
(hot tops). Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.137-014 SUPERVISOR, SCRAP PREPARATION (steel & rel.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
various duties, such as unloading scrap material from cars, sorting different grades of scrap into
piles, burning or shearing scrap to charging-box size, and handling and storing ingots. Performs
duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
519.362-010 NICKEL-PLANT OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls electrolysis tanks to purify electrolyte used in copper
refining by removing copper, arsenic, and nickel: Places lead anodes and copper cathode starting
sheets in tanks and turns valves to fill tanks with impure electrolyte. Switches on current and
starts circulation pumps to remove copper from solution and deposit it onto cathode. Pumps
solution into high-voltage tank system to deposit arsenic on cathodes. Pumps electrolyte from
high-voltage tanks into evaporators that concentrate solution to specified specific gravity. Turns
valves to drain condensed solution into settling tanks and to recover acid after nickel sulfate has
settled.
519.362-014 TANK-HOUSE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Controls equipment to purify copper by electrorefining:
Signals MONORAIL CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) to lower impure copper anodes into
tank filled with electrolyte. Immerses copper starter sheets (cathodes) into tank. Passes steel rod
between electrodes to break off lumps which might cause short circuit and to verify specified
clearance between electrodes. Examines, cleans, and tightens electrical connections, using steel
wool and handtools. Turns on electrical current, and verifies voltage, using voltmeter. Measures
density of electrolyte, using hydrometer. Observes deposition of copper on cathodes, and signals
MONORAIL CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) to remove coated cathodes and depleted
anodes from tank after specified time. Inspects tanks for defects, such as loose connections,
leaks, deteriorated suspension bars and fittings, clogged floats, and drainage connections. Repairs
or replaces parts, or notifies maintenance department. May cover lead sheets with primary coat of
copper to make cathodes and be designated Starting-Sheet-Tank Operator (smelt. & refin.). May
operate equipment that purifies copper through electrolysis without anodes and be designated
Electro-Winning Operator (smelt. & refin.).
519.387-010 MANOMETER TECHNICIAN (smelt. & refin.)
Tests pulverized material and computes specific gravity,
using manometer tube: Collects mill samples, weighs specified amount of pulverized material,
and pours it into cylinder and taps powder into compact mass. Raises mercury level in left side of
manometer tube by pumping air into right side, using hand pump. Inserts cylinder of pulverized
material into top of left tube. Releases air pressure from right side and times drop of mercury
level in left side, using stopwatch. Computes specific surface of material, using standard
algebraic formula. Reports below-standard reading to mill operator. May test milled sample of
aluminum alloy to identify metals in sample and be designated Quantometer Operator (smelt. &
refin.).
519.484-010 CARNALLITE-PLANT OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Mixes ingredients to prepare carnallite flux used in refining
magnesium: Weighs carnallite ingredients according to formula. Mixes ingredients on concrete
floor, using shovel. Melts mixture in furnace crucible. Tilts furnace with handwheel to pour
molten carnallite into cooling pans. Pulverizes solidified carnallite in grinding mill and shovels
powder into metal drums.
519.484-014 RAW SAMPLER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: sample carrier
Collects and prepares laboratory samples of metal-bearing
ores, refined metals, and other materials, such as coke, cryolite, slag, scrap, or flue dust, by any
combination of following methods: (1) Collects samples of crushed ore, concentrates, or other
material from conveyors, storage bins, carloads, or refining equipment, using sample containers
or diverting mechanisms on conveyors or chutes. Grinds materials, using grinder mill. Weighs,
dries, and reweighs material, using scales and oven, and computes moisture content. Sifts
material through screen to remove oversized particles. Places sample in labeled containers,
flasks, or bags for laboratory analysis. (2) Takes samples of molten metal from furnaces or
casting stations, using ladle and wafer mold. Stamps or marks identifying information on cast
wafer for delivery to laboratory. (3) Cuts samples of metal sheet or plate, using shears or punch.
Saws sample sections from metal castings, plate, or rod for metallurgical analysis, using circular
saw. Smooths cut surfaces of metal with grinder and sandpaper. Etches samples in acid to expose
crystalline structure for spectrographic analysis. Drills holes in castings to obtain shavings for
laboratory analysis. Stamps or labels samples for identification.
519.485-010 GRINDER-MILL OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends ball mill that grinds ore and classifier that separates
coarse from fine particles: Turns pump valves and moves conveyor-control levers to feed soda
ash, starch, lime, water, ore, and other materials into ball mill to make slurry. Adds chemical
reagent to slurry that causes fine particles to float and enables classifier to separate fine from
coarse particles and to return coarse ones to mill for regrinding. Obtains sample of slurry in
bucket from mill and classifier. Weighs sample and calculates density of mixture or titrates
sample to measure alkalinity. May examine ore tactually or observe its color to ascertain size of
particles. May set automatic device to regulate amount of ore passing on conveyor belt to ball
mill.
519.485-014 RECOVERY-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists RECOVERY OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) in
operating kiln, ball mill, and conveyor system to recover soluble soda and alumina from waste
materials: Moves controls to adjust feeds to rotary kiln and ball mill and to regulate operation of
dust-collection equipment. Reads and records tank levels and slurry and soda ash temperatures.
Collects and weighs batches of slurry to determine density. Measures oxygen content of flue
gases, using gas analyzer. Keeps operating log. Turns valves to supply water to kiln trunnions
and water-cooled bearings. Lubricates valves and adjusts packing glands to prevent leaks. Cleans
cooler grates, using handtools. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry)
Master Title.
519.565-010 DIGESTION OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends battery of digester vessels that dissolve bauxite in plant
liquor: Turns valves on pumps to transfer liquor and bauxite slurry through heaters into digester
vessels. Turns valves to inject milk of lime into vessels. Adjusts pumps and valves to circulate
cleaning solution through process lines. Collects samples of slurry and alumina solution for
laboratory analysis. Keeps log of operations.
519.565-014 TANK-HOUSE-OPERATOR HELPER (smelt. & refin.)
Assists TANK-HOUSE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) in
setting up electrolytic copper-refining tanks by performing any combination of following duties:
Cuts, strips, and trims copper sheets from starting blanks, using knife, pincers, and power shear.
Places sheets in machine to clean and coat them with oil solution. Cinches or rivets loop strips to
sheets, using looping machine. Straightens starter sheet blanks, using paddle or sledgehammer.
Lifts and hangs starter sheets on electrical suspension bars in tanks. Guides MONORAIL
CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) in positioning or removing anodes and coated starting
plates. Scrapes and flushes out tanks, using scraping tools and water hose. May be designated
according to function performed as Grease-Machine Worker (smelt. & refin.); Looper (smelt. &
refin.); Sheet Hanger (smelt. & refin.); Stripper (smelt. & refin.). Performs other duties as
described under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
519.582-010 RECOVERY OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Operates rotary kiln, ball mill and conveying equipment to
recover soluble soda and alumina from waste materials: Moves lever and switch controls to start
and regulate rotation speed of kiln. Moves controls to maintain specified temperatures
throughout kiln and feed rate of kiln. Catches samples of slurry clinker from kiln, and observes
discharge of slurry at sample points to ensure specified burning. Moves controls of cooling air
fan, cooler exhaust fan, and air dampers to adjust temperature of grate cooler and airflows to
burners. Moves controls and adjusts feed valves to start conveyor and bucket elevator system and
to transport calcined clinker, bauxite, and soda ash into ball mill. Regulates valves and pumps to
transfer slurry from ball mill into digestion tanks and to supply water to kiln trunnions and
water-cooled bearings. Keeps operating log. Replaces charts in automatic recording devices.
519.585-010 HARDNESS TESTER (mine & quarry)
Tends tumble drums, screens, and balance scales to test
hardness of baked taconite pellets: Reads schedule to obtain specifications, such as furnace from
which pellets are to be drawn and time of withdrawal, and notifies sampling personnel to prepare
sample pellets. Pours sample over screen, and weighs screened pellets on balance scale. Dumps
pellets into drum, and starts drum rotating for specified number of turns. Screens tumbled pellets,
and weighs them to determine weight loss from tumbling. Reads conversion chart to obtain
hardness number. Records hardness number of samples tested. May clean work area, using
broom, shovel, and water hose.
519.585-014 MUD BOSS (smelt. & refin.)
Tends machines that drain, filter, dry, crush, and package
slime from electrolytic tanks, preparatory to recovery of valuable metals, such as gold, silver,
platinum, and vanadium: Pulls lever to drain and filter slime from electrolytic tanks into storage
tank. Drains slime into machine to subject it to heat and pressure to remove moisture. Starts
conveyor to transport dry slime to automatic grinder machine. Observes flow of slime from
grinder into container. Weighs container, and marks weight on container and tally sheet. Inspects
tanks for leaks and other defects. Collects samples of liquids for analysis. May tend machine
which dries and presses slime into cakes for shipment. May transfer electrolyte from one tank to
another by passing it through intermediate steam-heated tank, offsetting evaporation by adding
hot water. May smooth surface of starting sheets with sandpaper to remove pits and scratches.
519.585-018 SAMPLE TESTER-GRINDER (mine & quarry)
Tends crushers, ovens, and screens to test samples of ore: Starts
crusher to pulverize ore. Removes ore from crusher and places it in oven to dry. Sends portion of
sample to laboratory for chemical analysis. Places sample in vibrator containing magnets and water.
Starts vibrator to separate magnetic content of ore from impurities. Drains water from vibrator and
weighs magnetic remainder. Pours ore sample through series of vibrating screens of different size
openings to separate ore samples. Weighs and records each size of ore. Records number of tests
performed. May collect ore samples from various sites in plant or mine, and record origin of
samples. May perform chemical sedimentation or hardness tests on samples.
519.663-010 DOOR-MACHINE OPERATOR (steel & rel.)
Operates machine equipped with door jack and coke guide to
remove doors from discharge end of coke ovens and guide discharged coke from oven to quenching
car: Drives machine along rails to designated oven. Moves levers to hook machine arm onto door
and remove it from oven, and to position frame which guides discharged coke from oven into
quenching cars. Signals PUSHER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to discharge coke from oven. Cleans
fire clay and tars from door and jamb, using chisel bar. Gathers dry clay and residue with shovel and
wheelbarrow, and dumps it into hopper. Replaces door. May manually hook coke-guide hangers to
oven and drop apron to oven sill. May steam clean door machine.
519.663-014 HOT-CAR OPERATOR (steel & rel.)
Drives electric car to haul hot coke from oven to quenching
station and wharf: Positions dumpcar coupled to electric car below coke guide on designated oven.
Signals PUSHER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to discharge coke. Moves car forward to distribute coke
evenly in car. Transports coke to quenching station, and starts equipment that sprays hot coke with
measured amount of water. Moves car to wharf, and turns air valve to open gates on car and dump
coke on wharf. Cleans cab and cab windows, using cleaning agents, broom, and brushes.
519.663-018 PUSHER OPERATOR (steel & rel.)
Operates pusher machine which runs on rails at base of coke
ovens, to push hot coke from ovens: Drives pusher to designated oven. Moves levers to hook door
arm to oven door and to remove it from oven, and to position ram. Starts ram at signal from worker
on discharge side of oven to push coke out of oven. Withdraws ram and replaces door in oven.
Moves leveling bar back and forth through opening near top of oven to level fresh charge of coal.
Signals LARRY OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to recharge oven. Cleans pusher, using steam hose.
519.664-010 ASSEMBLY CLEANER (smelt. & refin.)
Removes pot crust and carbon from spent anode assemblies, and
cast-iron thimbles from contact rods, using crushing press, handtools, and power tools: Secures
anode assembly to vibrating table, using hydraulic shaft and clamps. Depresses pedal to activate
vibration that shakes loose pot crust (cryolite), and breaks crust remaining on anode, using
airhammer. Sorts scrap aluminum from crust, and throws scrap in barrel. Removes anode assembly
from table. Pushes pot crust from table into hopper of automatic crusher to prepare crust for reuse.
Observes machine and clears jams in hopper. Breaks carbon or pot crust from contact rods, using
hammer or airhammer. Observes automatic thimble press that crushes and cracks cast-iron thimble
formed around rod, and stops machine when malfunction occurs. Examines assemblies on conveyor
to detect damaged rods, and removes assemblies that need repair. Removes cast iron reclaimed from
rods for transfer to reduction furnace for remelting. May be designated according to operation
performed as Anode-Assembly Cleaner (smelt. & refin.) II; Thimble-Press Operator (smelt. &
refin.).
519.664-014 POT LINER (smelt. & refin.)
Relines pots and rebuilds continuous anodes used in reduction
of aluminum by performing any combination of following duties: Replaces spacers, shunts, risers,
brackets, straps, supports, and collector bars in pots, using wrenches. Attaches cables to pot
superstructure and signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to lift
it from pot. Blows dust from top of anode, using air gun. Cuts metal sheet to size, using shears or
pneumatic cutter, bends it around stub of anode, and rivets it to casing. Roughens top of stub, using
fork, and pours carbon paste into form to build up anode to specified height. Pours water into pot
to loosen material. Digs burned-out lining, insulation ore, bath material, and brick from interior of
pot, using digger or jackhammer. Lays brick base on pot floor and signals OVERHEAD CRANE
OPERATOR (any industry) to dump carbon mix into pot. Lines walls and floor with mix to specified
depth, and tamps mix into cracks, using pneumatic hammer. Reforms shell cavity with insulating
board, masonite, plywood, or sheet metal. Removes steel shell for repair, using hoist.
519.665-010 GRANULATOR TENDER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: slag expander
Tends granulator machine that expands blast-furnace slag for use
as building or insulating material: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry)
921.663-010 to position iron runners that carry slag from furnace to granulator machine. Opens gate
of furnace to allow slag from furnace to flow onto runners, and turns water, air, and steam valves to
spray slag in granulator. Positions container under discharge chute of granulator to receive expanded
slag, using car puller. Starts conveyor that carries expanded slag from granulator to discharge chute.
Stops equipment and clears slag from runners, granulator, and conveyor, using iron bar. Lubricates
equipment, using grease gun and oilcan.
519.665-014 STANDPIPE TENDER (steel & rel.)
Tends equipment that regulates flow of byproduct gases in
coke-oven standpipes preparatory to discharging or charging oven: Moves controls to regulate flow
of gases to collecting main, to open standpipes and oven charging holes, clear oven and standpipe
of gases, and control flow of ammonia liquor and steam during charging. Sweeps spillage into
charging holes. Cleans top of ovens, using broom and shovel. Clears standpipe, nozzles, and
charging holes, using chisel bar and drill. Pokes coal from hoppers on charging car, using bar. May
hook chains to oven doors and use winch to raise or lower doors. May loosen, unplug, and move tar
in main, using bar [CHASER, TAR (steel & rel.)].
519.665-018 WET-PLANT OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends equipment that recovers cadmium, lead sulfate, and zinc
oxide from dust collected in precipitators: Signals OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any
industry) 921.663-010 to dump dust into tank from which it is processed through series of sulfating
tanks to precipitate and wash lead sulfate and cadmium. Pumps washed liquor to another tank for
treatment prior to recovery of zinc oxide. Prepares lime solution and mixes it with zinc oxide liquor.
Titrates samples or tests solution for acidity and specific gravity, using hydrometer. Distills cadmium
in retort furnace.
519.667-010 CARBON SETTER (smelt. & refin.)
Replaces carbon anodes of electrolytic cells used in processing
aluminum or magnesium: Disconnects anode assembly from connector arm, using wrenches. Signals
OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any industry) 921.663-010 to lift burned anodes from pot and
lower new anode assembly into pot. Cleans connector arms, using sandblast hose. Fastens anode rod
to connector arm, and adjusts assembly to suspend anode in bath. Breaks burnt carbon block from
steel stubs, using sledgehammer, and unbolts steel stubs from copper rods, using wrench. Shovels
broken carbon into boxes, and loads rods and stubs on trailers for removal.
519.667-014 LABORER, SOLDER MAKING (nonfer. metal)
Performs any combination of tasks involved in melting, refining,
and pouring solder: Shovels scrap into furnace melting pots and adjusts fuel valves to regulate
melting. Skims off dross with ladle. Plunges sieve box filled with potatoes to bottom of molten metal
so that steam from charring potatoes agitates metal and brings additional dross to top. Skims off
remaining dross. Ladles refined metal from pots to molds. Removes cooled metal from molds and
places it on handtruck. Mixes tin, lead, or refined scrap solder in melting pots, as directed by
SUPERVISOR, SOLDER MAKING (nonfer. metal). Ladles new solder into pig molds or into
troughs of solder-making table. May cut bars into short lengths. Ties bars into bundles and packs
bundles for shipment or storage. May charge lead and tin pigs into furnace melting pots, by hand or
using overhead power hoist. May weigh pigs preparatory to charging furnace, using scale. May level
machine that converts molten lead-tin alloys into powdered metal to process solder cream and be
designated Solder Cream Maker (nonfer. metal).
519.683-010 DROSS SKIMMER (smelt. & refin.)
Operates overhead crane to control perforated metal basket to
skim dross from molten lead and to transfer lead from blast furnace to heated kettle: Moves levers
to lower basket and skim off dross into barrel for salvage. Attaches electrically powered pump to
kettle and starts pump to transfer molten lead into kettle. Starts powered stirrer that agitates lead.
Skims off sulfide dross into barrel, using crane. Moves containers to salvage bin, using handtruck.
519.683-014 LARRY OPERATOR (steel & rel.) alternate titles: charger-car operator; charging-car operator; gas tender
Operates larry (electric charging-car) to charge coal into coke
ovens: Weighs empty larry on scale to obtain tare weight. Opens chutes of storage bin to dump
specified weight of coal into hoppers on larry. Drives larry to ovens, and moves controls to position
hoppers over open charging holes. Pushes levers to drop thimbles (sleeves) into charging holes and
to open slides in hoppers. Pokes bar through opening in hopper to force coal into oven. Records oven
number, battery, date, mix of coal, and shift. May move controls to lower and raise porcupine in
open standpipe to clean walls. May signal PUSHER OPERATOR (steel & rel.) to level coal in oven.
519.684-010 LADLE LINER (foundry; smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: ladle cleaner; ladle patcher
Repairs and relines ladles used to transport and pour molten
metals: Chips slag from interior lining of ladle, using hammer and chisel. Mixes sand, clay, and
water, using shovel to form refractory clay mud. Patches lining where cracked or worn by covering
lining with refractory clay and tamping it in place. Chips out entire lining when beyond repair, using
hammer and chisel. Relines ladle with refractory clay, using trowel. Dries and bakes new lining by
placing inverted ladle over burner, building fire in ladle, or by using blowtorch. Relines and shapes
pouring spouts of ladles with fire clay. May reline ladles with refractory brick. May make stoppers
for stopper-type ladle. May brush graphite facing on lining.
519.684-014 LEAF COVERER (smelt. & refin.)
Cleans and re-covers leaves of aluminum-ore filtering units,
using overhead bridge crane and handtools: Opens filter units and removes filter leaves, using crane.
Strips worn covers from filter leaves, using knife and wire cutters. Transports filter leaves from filter
units into cleaning vats, using crane. Cleans discharge neck of leaves, and swabs them with graphite
paste. Covers cleaned filter leaves with cloth, and replaces leaves in filter units, using crane.
519.684-018 MOLD DRESSER (any industry) alternate titles: mold repairer
Removes residue, blemishes, corrosion, and similar defects from
interior of molds, using handtools and power tools: Inspects interior surfaces of molds to locate pits
and holes. Positions molds for work, using hoist. Repairs defects, using hammers, drills, chisels,
routers, or grinding wheel. Smooths interior of mold, using file, buffing wheel, emery paper, or
steelwool. May add metal to or remove metal from plates, rings, and molds, using welding
equipment and files. May reassemble molds after repairing. May be designated according to type of
mold repaired as Glass-Mold Repairer (glass mfg.).
519.684-022 STOPPER MAKER (steel & rel.) alternate titles: stopper-rod maker
Assembles refractory stoppers used to plug pouring nozzles of
steel ladles: Mixes specified amount of refractory mortar powder with water, using trowel or hoe.
Fastens stopper head to rod with metal pin. Spreads mortar on rod, using trowel, and slides brick
sleeves over rod to form refractory jacket. Tightens locknuts holding assembly together, using
wrench. Spreads mortar on jacket to seal sleeve joints. Hoists stopper and rod assembly on drying
rack and pushes rack in oven to dry mortar. Pulls rack from oven and pushes it to storage area.
519.684-026 TOOL REPAIRER (smelt. & refin.)
Repairs worn and damaged equipment and tools used by workers
engaged in electrolytic refining of copper: Examines rubber boots and gloves and fills them with
water to detect holes. Mends holes with rubber patches. Mends leaky metal buckets by soldering
holes. Grinds dull tools, such as picks, shovels, and scoops, using electrically powered emery wheel.
Replaces handles, hose, and other defective parts of tools and equipment. Issues new or repaired
replacements.
519.685-010 BRIQUETTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: pellet-press operator
Tends equipment to dry, mix, and compress copper fines into
briquettes for use by smelter: Starts belt conveyors that automatically feed mixture from wet-bin
hopper to heated rotary dryer. Turns valve to set burner at specified temperature. Tests moisture
content of mixture by feeling with fingers. Pulls lever to open discharge gate of heating chamber to
admit mixture into pug mill. Opens valve to add binding solution to obtain mixture of required
consistency. Turns valve to feed mixture into press to form briquettes. Oils and greases equipment,
using oilcan and grease gun.
519.685-014 GROUT-MACHINE TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends machine that forces mortar into spaces between firebrick
and steel shell of taconite ore furnace: Inspects furnace to detect discoloration spots which indicate
flaws in firebrick inner wall of furnace. Shovels grout into reservoir of machine. Attaches airhose
to compressed air system and grout hose to nipple on shell of furnace with wrench. Starts machine
and observes pressure gauge to determine when space is filled. Caps nipple welded onto furnace
shell, using wrench. May mix mortar, using electrically driven paddle wheel. May dismantle and
clean grout machine and equipment, using wrenches, water, and airhoses.
519.685-018 KETTLE OPERATOR (smelt. & refin.)
Tends oil-fired kettles that melt and fume antimony to make
antimony oxide: Charges antimony crystals into melting kettle with hoist, and fires burners.
Regulates temperature according to thermometer readings and color and appearance of metal. Skims
slag from surface of kettle. Connects trough from melting to fuming kettle, and pours metal into
trough by tilting kettle. Heats metal to specified temperature to vaporize antimony which is drawn
to baghouse and condensed as oxide dust. Fills buggy with antimony oxide from hoppers, and
weighs filled buggy on floor scale. Empties buggy onto conveyor leading to rotating drum in which
oxides from different charges are blended. Transfers blended dust to conveyor leading to automatic
bagging machine. Determines antimony content by casting sample into rod of specified size,
weighing it, and referring to standard chart.
519.685-022 KETTLE TENDER I (smelt. & refin.)
Tends series of oil-fired kettles that refine lead: Charges kettle
with lead in molten or pig form, and fires kettle. Adds specified type and amount of reagent and
agitates mixture to cause impurities, such as antimony, arsenic, bismuth, and tin to form into dross.
Skims dross off mixture, using ladle, shovel, or perforated dipper. Throws zinc bricks into kettle and
agitates mixture to desilverize lead. Skims crust of silver and gold content into basket of press, and
compresses dross with air-driven ram. Pumps lead through reaction cylinder while chlorine is
admitted to form zinc chloride slag. Skims slag after completion of reaction as indicated by color
of slag and molten metal. Pours metal into molds or dips samples into cold water to prepare them
for laboratory analysis. May hook pot to crane and signal OVERHEAD CRANE OPERATOR (any
industry) 921.663-010 to transfer lead from one kettle to another. May crystallize zinc in
water-cooled vacuum tank to remove zinc from desilverized lead. May produce antimony crystals
from antimonial lead by mixing prescribed reagents with molten metal in kettle, by skimming dross,
and by cooling bath to specified temperature. May be known according to specific duty performed
as Desilverizer (smelt. & refin.).
519.685-026 MUD-MILL TENDER (smelt. & refin.)
Tends mill that mixes flue dust with water to settle it for
shipment: Opens bin outlet allowing dust to fall into mixing mill. Dislodges banked dust in bin by
hammering sides. Starts mill and opens valve of water spray. Opens door of mill allowing moistened
dust to fall onto conveyor belt leading to railroad car. May distribute mixture evenly in car, using
shovel.
519.685-030 ROD-MILL TENDER (cement; smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: regrind mill operator
Tends rod mills that grind ore, clinkers, and rock into fine
particles: Starts mill and feed conveyors. Turns valves to feed lime, water, starch, soda ash, and other
materials into mill to make slurry. Pushes button to start screw conveyor that separates coarse
particles from slurry and returns them to mill for regrinding. Obtains sample of ore or slurry in
bucket for laboratory analysis. Weighs sample on balance scales to determine density of slurry.
Turns valves to feed water into mill to obtain specified density of slurry. Replaces worn rods in mill,
using electric hoist. May record operating time of rod mills and levels of materials in storage bins.
519.686-010 LABORER, GENERAL (nonfer. metal)
Performs any combination of tasks to aid other workers in
production of nonferrous metal products: Transfers boxes of metal scrap from work areas to storage
areas, using handtruck, and records quantity and type of scrap transferred. Dumps scrap metal into
crusher that reduces bulk of metal. Shovels metal scrap onto furnace conveyor to dry scrap
preparatory to melting. Dumps paste oil or fat into drum, adds water, and mixes solution, using
steam hose, to prepare lubricant used in drawing tubes and rods. Examines metal products for
defects, such as dents, cracks, and scratches. Taps dents from products, using mallet. Feeds metal
castings into automatic finishing machine that performs operations, such as reaming, stamping, and
cleaning. Scrapes carbon, dirt, and metal particles from interior surface of casting molds. May be
known according to specific duties performed as Chip-Crusher Operator (nonfer. metal); Chip Drier
(nonfer. metal); Inspector (nonfer. metal) II; General Scrap Worker (nonfer. metal); Soap Worker
(nonfer. metal).
519.687-010 CELL PLASTERER (smelt. & refin.)
Seals opening around carbon anode, where it protrudes through
cover of magnesium refining cell, to prevent leakage of chlorine gas and to secure anode in position.
Applies mixture of asbestos fiber or pulp and water or oil, using trowel.
519.687-014 DUST PULLER (smelt. & refin.) alternate titles: flue-dust laborer
Rakes or scrapes flue dust from converter flues or hoppers into
larry cars or screw conveyors for shipment to furnaces. Breaks up packed dust with bar or pole, and
hammers sides of hopper with mallet or bar to dislodge contents. May drive larry car to furnace, and
dump load into furnace. May scrape dust into collecting hoppers. May measure depth of dust in flue,
using sounding chain.
519.687-018 FLUX-TUBE ATTENDANT (nonfer. metal; smelt. & refin.)
Mixes flux for graphite tubes and replaces tubes and chemical
supply tanks on aluminum remelt furnaces: Mixes silicon aluminum paint solution (flux) and dips
ends of new graphite tubes into solution to coat them. Transports tubes and tanks of chlorine and
nitrogen to furnaces, using handtruck. Turns valves to shut off flow of chlorine and removes tubes
from furnace, using handtools. Discards broken tubes and installs new ones. Cleans usable tubes,
using wire brush, and installs them to specified depth. Installs replacement tanks of chlorine and
nitrogen on furnace, using handtools, and adjusts valves until tank pressure and flowmeters reach
specifications. Records amounts of chemicals and tubes used for each furnace. Tours furnace area
to verify readings of pressure and flowmeter gauges and makes required adjustments.
519.687-022 FOUNDRY WORKER, GENERAL (foundry)
Performs any combination of following tasks in foundry
concerned with melting metal, pouring metal into molds, removing castings from molds, dressing
castings, moving foundry materials, and cleaning equipment and work areas: Moves sand, castings,
flasks, or other materials about foundry by hand, using wheelbarrow or cart, or by loading them onto
conveyor. Assembles flasks, using wrench, bolts, and tap screws. Waters and mixes sand, shovels
sand into flasks, and compacts sand in flasks, using ramming tool. Sprays binder on surface of sand
molds and dries surface with blowtorch. Fits together, clamps, and unclamps cope and drag on
production line. Weighs out specified amounts of materials for furnace charge, and loads charge into
melting furnace. Skims slag from surface of molten metal, using scoop. Carries or pushes ladles of
molten metal on monorail and pours metal into molds. Installs and removes steel jackets and bands
used to hold snap molds together during casting. Breaks sand mold from finished casting, using bar
or hammer. Sorts castings into pairs or groups for assembly. Pulls reinforcing wires from castings.
Directs high pressure stream of water onto castings to clean castings and remove cores. Cleans
castings, patterns, and flasks, using wire brush. Removes gates, sprues, and other projections from
castings with sledge, pneumatic hammer, power shear, or power hacksaw. Breaks up used sand
molds with bar, shovels sand into drying oven and sand-mixing machine, and sifts sand through
motor-driven screen for reuse in new molds. Breaks up slag, using hammer, and shovels it into
buckets for removal to dump. Chips out worn cupola and ladle linings, using bar. Prepares plaster
and relines ladle. Sweeps and cleans work areas. May be designated according to worker assisted
or according to duty performed as Casting Carrier (foundry); Casting Sorter (foundry);
Cupola-Tender Helper (foundry); Flask Carrier (foundry); Jacket Changer (foundry); Ladle-Liner
Helper (foundry). May be designated: Ladle Pusher (foundry); Mold Clamper (foundry);
Mold-Closer Helper (foundry); Molder Helper (foundry); Molder Helper, Machine (foundry); Mold
Stacker (foundry); Pattern Carrier (foundry); Pattern Cleaner (foundry); Sand-Screener Operator
(foundry); Sand Shoveler (foundry); Sand Wheeler (foundry); Shake-Out Worker (foundry);
Skimmer (foundry); Slag Worker (foundry); Sprue Knocker (foundry).
519.687-026 LABORER, GENERAL (smelt. & refin.)
Performs any combination of following tasks as directed by
workers engaged in crushing, sampling, smelting, refining, loading, and moving ore and other
materials, and cleaning machines and equipment: Loads and unloads material from freight cars or
trucks, manually or using hoist, conveyor, or handtruck. Sifts and screens materials, using screen and
shovel. Fills sacks or barrels with materials, such as arsenic, nickel, and selenium. Weighs materials,
such as ore and scrap. Shovels scrap into trucks and storage bins or sorts and stacks scrap. Segregates
and stacks castings, using tongs or hoist, and marks or stamps identifying codes on castings. Flushes
mud and sludge from cooling and circulating tanks, using water hose and scrapers. Removes arsenic
from kitchens, using cable-drawn scrapers. Empties slag pans from furnace, using hoist. Brushes
cores with oil to prevent cores from cracking. Hooks and unhooks charge boxes and scrap trucks,
to and from overhead crane. Cleans work area and delivers samples to laboratory for analysis. May
remove scrap metal and wood from conveyors that feed machines. May spray firebrick with clay
solution to reduce corrosive and abrasive action.
519.687-030 MACHINE-CASTINGS PLASTERER (foundry)
Caulks machine castings, using putty knife or trowel: Measures
out required amount of metallic plaster, and mixes it into paste of specified consistency. Applies
paste to surface of machine castings, filling cracks and blowholes and leveling rough spots, using
putty knife or small trowel. Allows putty to dry and sands plaster to smooth surface.
519.687-034 RODDING-ANODE WORKER (smelt. & refin.)
Renews carbon anode assemblies used in electrolytic processing
of aluminum by performing any combination of following duties: Removes carbon blocks from
conveyor, using hoist. Feeds steel stubs on conveyor through bath solution to coat them with
graphite. Positions pouring ring and steel stub on carbon block. Tilts crucible to pour molten iron
around stub to cast it to block. Bolts copper rod to stub, using wrench. Loads anode assemblies onto
trailer for removal to potroom, using hoist. Unbolts copper rod from steel stub embedded in
disintegrated block. Places stub in hydraulic press and pulls lever to break off unused portions of
block. Cleans and straightens stubs and rods, using chipping gun, disk grinder, and straightening
hammer. Chips iron splashings from poured blocks, using chisel and hammer. Pushes buttons and
pulls levers to activate and switch conveyors to move blocks or assemblies through assembly
process.
519.687-038 STOPPER-MAKER HELPER (steel & rel.)
Assists STOPPER MAKER (steel & rel.) in assembling
refractory stoppers: Places steel rod in vise and bends it to specified shape, using sledgehammer.
Mixes cement and fire clay with water to form refractory mortar. Carries materials, such as rods,
stopper heads, and sleeves, to work area. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any
industry) Master Title.
519.687-042 TEST WORKER (foundry)
Obtains sample of molten metal from each furnace heat, using
hand ladle or glass tube: Dips hand ladle or inserts glass tube into pouring ladle, before molds are
poured. Pours molten metal into sand mold or allows it to solidify in glass tube. Breaks or drills
solidified metal to obtain test sample, using hammer or drill press. Marks sample according to heat
from which sample was taken.
52 OCCUPATIONS IN PROCESSING OF FOOD, TOBACCO, AND RELATED PRODUCTS This division includes occupations concerned with preparing food, tobacco, and related products for commercial use. Includes manufacturing phases after harvesting and prior to marketing. Such activities as slaughtering livestock, blending cheeses, fermenting alcohol, and smoking hams are included in this division. Marking and packaging occupations are included here when they occur at the end of a production process.
520 MIXING, COMPOUNDING, BLENDING, KNEADING, SHAPING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS This group includes occupations concerned with combining and mingling various materials to produce a single mass or compound and working an object or material by pressure and configuration to shape it or effect its texture and consistency.
520.132-010 BLENDING SUPERVISOR (grain-feed mills)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
blending various grades of flour into blends and mixing blends with cooking ingredients to prepare
self-rising flour and premixes: Confers with plant management and other supervisors to plan daily
production and coordinate blending department activities with other departments. Inventories storage
bins and packaging hoppers to determine priority of blends and availability of grades for blending.
Trains new workers. Turns knobs on blending equipment to set blending meters for scheduled grades
of flour to be produced. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry)
Master Title.
520.132-014 SUPERVISOR, COMPRESSED YEAST (food prep., nec)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
pressing, mixing, and packaging bakers yeast: Trains workers in operation of machines. Examines
and feels yeast throughout process for color, consistency, and sharpness of breaking edge. Observes
progress of yeast through filter pressing, mixing, extruding, and packaging operations to ensure
continuous workflow, conformity to specifications, and sanitary conditions. Prepares and submits
requisitions for materials and supplies. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
520.136-010 BLENDING SUPERVISOR (tobacco)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
feeding tobacco leaves onto blending conveyor: Plans daily work schedules based on analysis of
work orders and inventory of tobacco in storage area. Assigns workers to feed tobacco of different
grades into conveyor to achieve specified blend. Instructs individual workers to adjust rate of feeding
based on hourly poundage and blending report. Compiles reports to show daily production and
departmental labor cost by grade. Confers with plant officials and other supervisors to coordinate
flow of tobacco through department. Trains new workers. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
520.137-010 SUPERVISOR, LUMP ROOM (tobacco) alternate titles: supervisor, rolling room
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
molding lumps, plugs, or twists of chewing tobacco: Reads production schedules for information,
such as quantity of plugs or twists and type of blend and wrapper leaf specified. Computes amount
of filler and wrapper leaf required for production. Examines plugs and twists to detect variations
from standards. Schedules cleaning and repairing of lump-making machines to avoid interruptions
of production. Coordinates receipt of tobacco from casing and drying department and transfer of
plugs to shipping department. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
520.361-010 HONEY GRADER-AND-BLENDER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: honey liquefier
Grades honey according to type, color, bouquet, and moisture
content, and blends various grades to obtain uniform product: Compares samples of liquid honey lots
with standard samples for color and bouquet, and ascertains moisture content, using refractometer.
Calculates amount of various types of honey for mixing to produce product of uniform color, clarity,
and bouquet. Directs other workers in dumping and blending of various honey lots in warming
chamber. May grade and mark honeycomb sections according to government regulations.
520.362-010 BULK-PLANT OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Controls equipment in bulk sugar plant to load and unload sugar
and to blend sugar syrups according to formula: Signals drivers or engineers by hand to give
directions in positioning trucks and railroad cars for unloading. Positions conveyors and attaches
unloading hoses and pipes to truck and railroad cars. Opens conveyor gate and pipe valves and starts
pumps, blowers, and conveyors to unload sugar from vehicle and to transport it to storage bins.
Starts pumps and agitators to transport and mix specified amounts of water, corn syrup, and sugar
in blending tanks. Dumps bags of diatomaceous earth into blend and pumps mixture through filter
to remove impurities. Tests syrup to measure acid, yeast, and soluble sugar content, using pH meter
and refractometer. Keeps records of test results, weight of sugar received and shipped, amount and
type of syrup blended, and percentage of wasted materials. May weigh truck before and after
loading. May tend steam boiler to supply steampower to plant equipment [BOILER OPERATOR
(any industry)].
520.362-014 DRY-STARCH OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Operates machines and equipment to mix cornstarch blends:
Signals STARCH-TREATING ASSISTANT (grain-feed mills) to admit starch suspension into
mixing and storage tanks, and to dump measured amount of chemicals into mixing tanks to prepare
chemical solutions. Reads meters and turns valves to admit chemical solutions into blending tank.
Manipulates switches and turns valves to regulate heaters and agitators that mix solutions, and to
pump starch mixtures into blending and filter tanks. Receives or draws samples of product and
performs standard tests to ascertain if acidity, alkalinity, and viscosity conform to specifications,
using hydrometer and other test equipment. Records quantity and kind of chemicals used. Inspects
equipment and observes gauges, thermometers, and meters to maintain efficient production. May
direct workers engaged in regulating filters, shakers, centrifugal driers, and related equipment to
produce dry starch products.
520.382-010 CISTERN-ROOM OPERATOR (beverage) alternate titles: cistern-room working supervisor; subwarehouse supervisor
Controls regauging equipment from panelboard to reduce proof
of newly distilled liquor in cistern tank before barreling: Reads charts to ascertain proof of liquor to
be regauged, number of gallons to be regauged, and number of gallons of deionized water required
to produce liquor of specified proof. Pumps specified number of gallons of liquor and deionized
water into cistern tank. Opens valves to admit compressed air and agitate mixture. Reads
thermometer and alcohol-proof hydrometer during process and compares readings with standard
gauging manual to determine final proof of liquor. Pumps liquor into filling tanks for barreling or
into railroad tank cars for shipment.
520.382-014 LIQUID-SUGAR MELTER (sugar & conf.)
Controls equipment to blend granulated sugar and water to
produce liquid sucrose of specified concentration: Reads job order to ascertain type and amount of
liquid sucrose specified. Opens water and steam valves to fill tank and heat water to specified
temperature. Reads chart to ascertain amount of sugar required for producing liquid sucrose of
specified concentration. Starts pneumatic conveyors and opens valves to fill hopper with specified
amount of sugar. Opens hopper gate to feed sugar into heated water. Starts agitators to mix liquid
sucrose in tank for specified period. Closes steam valve and allows liquid to cool. Pumps liquid
sucrose from mixing tank to specified storage tank. Records operating data in station log. Takes
samples of liquid sucrose produced for laboratory analysis.
520.384-010 BENCH HAND (bakery products) alternate titles: baker, bench; dough molder, hand
Forms dough for bread, buns, and other bakery products: Rolls
dough to desired thickness with rolling pin or guides dough through rolling machine. Sprinkles flour
on dough and workbench to prevent dough from sticking. Kneads dough to eliminate gases formed
by yeast. Cuts dough into pieces with knife or handcutter. Adds spices, fruits, or seeds when making
special rolls or breads. Weighs pieces on scales and keeps record of production. Places dough in
baking pans. May cut dough into bun divisions by machine. May form dough into special shapes and
add fillings or flavorings.
520.385-010 MIXER, WHIPPED TOPPING (food prep., nec)
Tends machines that mix and blend ingredients to make whipped
topping for use on desserts: Weighs prescribed amounts of raw materials, such as oil, water, sugar,
and caustics. Adjusts thermostat for specified temperature in mixers and pumps or dumps ingredients
into tank of mixer. Admits prescribed quantities of water and other ingredients into mixing tank at
specified intervals. Tests solution for specified acidity, using pH meter. Pumps mixture into blending
tank and adds flavoring prior to pasteurization.
520.387-010 BLENDER (tobacco) alternate titles: granulating blender; leaf blender
Selects various grades and kinds of tobacco, to produce specific
blend, according to formula and knowledge of tobacco characteristics: Removes leaves or hands of
tobacco from hogsheads or bins, sorting tobacco according to texture, color, variety, and locality
grown. Feeds specified amount of various grades and types of tobacco onto conveyor, or places
tobacco in baskets, boxes, or piles for processing.
520.462-010 DOUGH-MIXER OPERATOR (bakery products) alternate titles: control-panel operator
Controls semiautomatic equipment, from control panel, to blend
ingredients for bread and deposit specified quantity of dough in baking pans: Notifies other workers
to admit broth into feedlines and to start loading specified size pans onto conveyor. Turns handwheel
to adjust conveyor guides to size of pans. Starts flour sifter, premixer that blends ingredients, and
developer that kneads dough, working from remote control panel. Observes dials and recording
instruments to verify temperature of broth, viscosity of dough, and speed of mixing units. Feels
dough emerging from developer to ascertain that consistency meets plant standard. Turns developer
speed control to specified setting and starts divider blades that pinch off and drop dough into pans
passing on conveyor. Turns handwheel and control bar to adjust discharge aperture above divider
blades so that dough is uniformly shaped and deposited in center of pan. Weighs sample pieces of
dough and turns divider speed handle to regulate amount of dough deposited in pans. Records
temperatures, viscosity, and feed rate from instrument readings.
520.485-010 FLOUR MIXER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: mixer-and-scaler; mixer operator
Tends machine that mixes flour and ingredients, such as
buttermilk solids, phosphate, salt, soda, and sugar, to produce self-rising or other premixed flour:
Dumps specified amount of flour into mixer or turns dial to convey measured amount into mixer.
Weighs and dumps other ingredients, such as buttermilk solids, phosphate, soda, and sugar,
according to formula, and starts machine. May record amount of ingredients in each batch. May be
designated according to type of flour mixed as Self-Rising-Flour Mixer (grain-feed mills).
520.485-014 GRAIN MIXER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: grain blender
Tends equipment to mix grain for milling into blended flour:
Starts belt conveyor and adjusts valve controls on automatic feeders to regulate proportions of
specified grades of grain flowing from storage tanks onto conveyor. Starts conveyors to transfer
grain to milling department. May inspect grain for smut, rust, or other contamination. May find
weight of minimum test bushel by filling standard measure with grain and recording weight.
520.485-018 MINCEMEAT MAKER (can. & preserv.)
Tends equipment to mix ingredients used in preparing
mincemeat: Weighs and measures ingredients, such as raisins, currants, ground orange peels, salt,
spices, and hot water, using platform scale and measuring containers. Dumps ingredients from
measuring containers into kettle and activates agitator to mix ingredients for specified period of time.
Turns valve to permit ingredients to flow from kettle into cooling trough preparatory to canning.
520.485-022 REFINED-SYRUP OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends equipment that blends, inverts, and cools edible sugar
syrups according to production schedules: Opens valves and starts pumps to move specified amounts
of syrups and inverting materials from storage to mixing tanks. Calculates proportions of ingredients
when blending syrups other than standard. Conducts light tests to determine viscosity and color of
syrup, using refractometer and polariscope. Bottles samples of products for laboratory analysis.
Opens valves to route and distribute syrups to tank cars or trucks. Maintains production and
distribution records.
520.485-026 SYRUP MAKER (beverage) alternate titles: cooker, syrup; sauce maker
Tends equipment to mix ingredients that produce syrups used in
canned fruits and preserves, flavorings, frozen novelty confections, or non-alcoholic beverages:
Determines amounts of ingredients, such as sugar, water, and flavoring, required for specified
quantity of syrup of designated specific gravity, using sugar concentration and dilution charts. Opens
valve to admit liquid sugar and water into mixer, or dumps crystalline sugar into mixer and admits
water. Adds flavoring ingredients and starts mixer to make syrup. Opens valve to admit steam into
jacket of mixer to invert sugar, eliminate air, and sterilize syrup. Tests syrup for sugar content, using
hydrometer or refractometer. Pumps syrup to storage tank. May filter syrup to remove impurities and
be designated Syrup Filterer (beverage). May blend raw syrups and be designated Syrup Blender
(beverage).
520.485-030 STARCHMAKER (grain-feed mills)
Tends equipment to separate starch from ground potatoes, and
adds chemicals to resulting solution to produce starch of specified purity: Flushes shaker screen
containing ground potatoes, using water hose, to remove foreign matter and form crude starch
suspension. Turns valves to admit suspension and water to settling and rewash tanks in which
impurities rise to surface, forming scum. Turns valves to transfer scum (brown starch) to starch
tables and settling tanks until all white starch has been separated. Drains salvaged starch into vat,
starts agitator, and adds equal volume of water to form white starch suspension prior to drying.
Determines acidity, viscosity, and bacteria content of suspension, using pH meter and viscometer.
Adds measured amounts of specified chemicals to further purify and preserve product.
520.487-010 CHEESE BLENDER (dairy products)
Prepares charts of quantities, grades, and types of cheese required
for blending to make cheese products: Feels, tastes, smells, and observes cheese for firmness,
mellowness, acidity, and color, and selects cheese products for specified blend. Calculates quantities
of cheese required for each batch, according to formula, and records quantities, grades, and types on
chart. Compares laboratory reports with specifications and alters calculations to achieve specified
body, texture, flavor, moisture, fat, acidity, and salt in finished product.
520.487-014 FORMULA-ROOM WORKER (dairy products)
Prepares, bottles, and sterilizes infant formulas: Weighs or
measures and mixes specified quantities of ingredients, such as evaporated, condensed, or powdered
milk, food supplements, sugar product, soy product, and prepared meat base, using scales, graduated
measures, spoons, and electric blender. Computes number of calories per fluid ounce of formula
from information on labels of ingredients, and records information on gummed label and places on
bottles. Pours formula into bottles, seals with nipple, protector cap, and collar, and places in
autoclave for prescribed length of time to sterilize, or affixes hermetically sealed protector caps and
places in commercial retort for sterilization and cooling. Removes sterilized bottles from autoclave
and stores in refrigerator or removes bottles from retort after cooling process and packages for
delivery. Washes and sterilizes empty bottles and unused nipples and caps. May be known according
to specific duties performed as Formula Bottler (dairy products); Formula Maker (dairy products).
520.487-018 PANTRY WORKER (sugar & conf.)
Assembles, weighs, and measures candy ingredients, such as egg
whites and butter, according to formula: Selects batch formula cards in accordance with type of batch
scheduled. Weighs dry ingredients on scales and pours liquid ingredients into graduated containers.
Attaches formula card and identifying batch number to containers of measured ingredients for use
by CANDY MAKERS (sugar & conf.). Keeps record of batches produced. May weigh ingredients,
such as nuts, flavoring, extracts, condiments, and shortening that are not metered mechanically.
520.565-010 CHURNER (oils & grease) alternate titles: picker-box operator
Tends one or more machines that churn processed shortening and
margarine to obtain specified viscosity of mixture: Observes flow of stock in churner to avoid
spilling. Adjusts valves to control and direct overflow into reprocessing tank. Starts machine to
churn mixture, stops machine when specified viscosity is obtained, and opens valves and starts pump
to transfer mixture. Adjusts governor to regulate speed of pump that transfers product into packaging
machines. Collects and weighs sample of shortening at prescribed intervals to determine amount of
nitrogen gas or air content in batch, using balance scale. Notifies VOTATOR-MACHINE
OPERATOR (meat products; oils & grease) to add or delete nitrogen gas, according to weight
standards. Adjusts valves to keep specified temperature in churner. Observes pressure and
temperature gauges, and records readings. Cleans equipment and lines, using pressurized steam and
nitrogen gas.
520.585-010 BLENDER (bakery products) alternate titles: bolter; flour mixer; mill operator
Tends machine that blends flour: Loads pallets with sacks of
specified flour and transports them to blending machine, using truck. Dumps flour from sacks into
machine hoppers. Holds sack over suction bag-cleaning device to remove remaining flour dust.
Starts blender and turns dials to regulate speed of screw conveyors that mix flour in prescribed ratios.
Records weights of flours blended.
520.585-014 BROTH MIXER (bakery products) alternate titles: broth setter
Tends flour sifter and vats to mix fermenting, oxidizing, and
shortening solutions, according to formula: Dumps flour from bins into sifting machine, using
mechanical tipping apparatus or power chain hoist. Opens valve, meters specified amount of water
into fermenting vats, and adjusts thermostat to heat water to specified temperature. Measures or
weighs yeast food, milk solids, salt, sugar, and enrichment ingredients, according to formula, and
dumps ingredients into vats. Starts vat agitators and adds yeast at specified period to ferment
solution. Opens valves and starts pumps to run solution through heat regulator to dough-mixing
machine. Measures specified amounts of oxidizing solution and liquid shortening and dumps them
into holding tanks. Keeps record of time and temperature readings.
520.585-018 COOLER TENDER (sugar & conf.)
Tends mixing tanks and cooling equipment that blend unslacked
lime with molasses for extraction of sugar and monosodium glutamate: Turns valves and starts
conveyor to fill cooler vat with specified amount of molasses and lime. Starts agitator and cooling
system. Reads dials and gauges on panel control board to ascertain temperature, alkalinity, and
density of mixture, and turns valves to obtain specified mixture. Opens valves and starts pump to
pump mixture to filter station. Records data, such as volume of lime and molasses used, temperature,
alkalinity, and density on report form. May be designated according to machine operated as Vortex
Operator (sugar & conf.).
520.585-022 LIQUID-SUGAR FORTIFIER (sugar & conf.)
Tends mixing tanks to fortify sugar liquid extracted from beets
with concentrated sugar liquids to obtain standard sugar liquor: Starts pumps and mixing tank
agitators and opens valves to fill mixing tank with thin sugar juice and concentrated sugar liquid.
Tests density of sugar liquor, using hydrometer. Pumps liquids into tank until specified density of
liquor is obtained. Takes sample of liquor for laboratory analysis. Records operational data.
520.585-026 SPICE MIXER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: spice blender
Tends mixing machine that blends spices: Weighs out each
variety of spice required and pours or shovels them into hopper of machine. Starts machine to mix
spices to specified consistency. Pulls lever to tilt machine and dump mix into container or storage
bin. May sift spices before mixing, using mechanical sifter. May compare color of mixture with
standard color chart to ensure color meets specifications. When mixing tea, may be designated Tea
Blender (food prep., nec).
520.587-010 PRETZEL TWISTER (bakery products)
Twists round strips of dough to form into pretzels: Picks piece
of dough from conveyor and holds one end between thumb and forefinger of each hand. Flips dough
into loop, and crosses and presses ends to outer circumference. Arranges pretzels on tray for baking.
Records number of pretzels twisted.
520.662-010 NOODLE-PRESS OPERATOR (food prep., nec)
Operates machine to blend ingredients, and knead, extrude, and
cut dough used to make noodles: Installs specified die in press, using handtools. Adjusts press rollers
to regulate thickness of dough, using micrometer and handtool. Dumps premeasured quantity of eggs
into tub, sets meter, and turns spigot to admit prescribed amount of water. Starts beater to mix eggs
and water for specified time. Starts pumps to transfer mixture to mixing unit of press. Opens hopper
to admit flour into mixing unit and starts press to process mixture. Turns screw to set speed of knives
to cut product to specified length. Patrols drying chambers and observes temperature and humidity
readings recorded on charts for variation in drying procedure. Reports chart deviations to production
manager. Records type of product, date, and time of entry and discharge of product from drying
chambers.
520.665-010 MINGLER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends minglers that mix raw sugar and affination (syrup) to
prepare raw magma of specified density: Starts mingler and signals MELT-HOUSE DRAG
OPERATOR (sugar & conf.), using bell, to start flow of sugar to minglers. Turns valve to start flow
of affination into minglers. Regulates speed of mingler and controls flow of affination to maintain
magma at specified density and level in receiving tanks.
520.665-014 MIXING-MACHINE OPERATOR (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that mixes compressed yeast with oils and
whiteners preparatory to extrusion and packing: Signals worker to fill mixer with specified amount
of compressed yeast. Pours specified quantity of cutting oils and whitening agents into yeast and
starts agitators to mix ingredients for specified time. Observes and feels mixed yeast to determine
its consistency and pours specified amount of water into yeast to achieve required consistency. Starts
screw conveyor to transfer yeast to extruders.
520.665-018 STARCH-TREATING ASSISTANT (grain-feed mills)
Tends mixing and blending tanks, and auxiliary equipment to
assist in preparing starch blends from raw starch suspensions: Dumps specified amount of chemicals
into mixing tank to prepare chemical solutions. Observes signals from DRY-STARCH OPERATOR
(grain-feed mills) and pushes or pulls switches, and turns valves to start pumps, heaters, and
agitators, and to admit raw starch and chemical solutions into blending tanks. Draws samples of
mixtures for testing. Monitors thermometers, meters, and gauges, to ensure that filters, shakers,
centrifugals, and driers are operating efficiently. Reports equipment malfunctioning to
DRY-STARCH OPERATOR (grain-feed mills).
520.682-010 BLENDING-PLANT OPERATOR (oils & grease)
Controls equipment to weigh and mix vegetable oils for products,
such as salad oils, shortening, and margarine, according to formula: Opens valves to pump oils from
storage tanks to scale tank. Weighs oils and pumps specified quantity of each oil into blending tank.
Draws off sample of mixed oil and examines it for texture and color. Sends sample to laboratory for
chemical analysis. Turns valves to make adjustments to blending process according to results of
tests. Pumps mixed oil to storage tanks.
520.682-014 CENTER-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: casting-machine operator; extruding-machine operator
Sets up and operates machine that extrudes soft candy, such as
fondant, to form centers of specified size and shape for bonbons and chocolates: Inserts die plate in
machine and tightens thumbscrews to secure plate. Examines and feels candy for specified
consistency. Dumps candy into machine hopper. Starts machine that automatically feeds candy
through openings in die plate and cuts off and deposits formed pieces on conveyor, or moves control
to force candy through openings in die plate and moves wires that cut extruded candy to specified
thickness. Weighs formed pieces at random to determine adherence to specifications. Adjusts wire
or knife that cuts extruded candy to specified dimensions. When making cream centers to be coated
with chocolate, may synchronize speed of center machine with enrobing machine. May be
designated by product formed as Fondant-Puff Maker (sugar & conf.); Marshmallow Runner (sugar
& conf.).
520.682-018 EXTRUDER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Operates dough-mixing-and-extruding press to produce cereal
products in form of letters, pellets, or other shapes: Cleans and installs perforated metal disk,
containing openings of various shapes, in mixer. Attaches blade, using wrench, that sweeps around
disk, shearing off extruded dough as it is forced through holes. Moves controls to set temperature
of water, start flow of flour, water, and other ingredients into mixer, and regulate pressure forcing
dough through extrusion die to maintain specified moisture content, color, and consistency of dough.
May operate extruding press only, when mixing is performed by another worker. May be designated
by form of extruded product as Pellet Operator (grain-feed mills).
520.682-022 GUM-SCORING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: gum-rolling-machine tender
Operates one or more machines that roll chewing gum into sheets
and score (partially cut) sheets to specified size: Turns handwheels to adjust rollers, knives, and
scoring blades on machine to regulate thickness of sheet gum and depth of scoring, according to
specifications, using ruler. Starts scoring machine and flow of gum from mixer into hopper of
machine. Measures width, length, and thickness of scored sheets to ensure conformance to
specifications, using ruler. Examines sheets for scoring defects and completeness of sugar coating.
May give directions to other workers engaged in loading and unloading scoring machine and coating
gum with sugar.
520.682-026 MOLDING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: mogul operator
Sets up and operates machine to mold soft candies, such as
gumdrops, orange slices, and jellies: Installs $T3mold-printing board$T1 in machine and tightens
thumbscrews or inserts wedges to secure it. Observes thermometer and turns steam valve to maintain
specified temperature in candy-melting hopper. Opens valve or starts pump to fill hopper of
depositing unit with fluid candy. Starts machine and turns handwheels to synchronize flow of candy
from depositing spouts with speed of mold board as it passes beneath spouts for filling. Weighs
formed candy for adherence to specifications and regulates spouts to increase or decrease flow
accordingly.
520.682-030 SPINNER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: batch-roller operator; hard-candy spinner; stick-candy puller; stick spinner
Operates machine that rolls or spins hot plastic candy into
rope-like strip ready for cutting: Kneads hot candy into cylindrical shape on steam-jacketed pouring
plate with gloved hands. Turns water and steam valves to regulate temperature of plate. Actuates
heating unit of batch roller and starts machine. Lifts candy from pouring plate and feeds candy
between machine rollers. Pushes lever to reverse action of rollers to stretch and compact candy to
required size strip. May feed strip, discharged from batch roller, into cutting machine. May make
specified types of hard candy, performing combination of duties, such as flavoring or coloring batch;
spreading soft-center mixture, such as peanut butter, jam, or paste onto partially set candy; pulling
candy prior to rolling and spinning [CANDY PULLER (sugar & conf.)]; or applying varicolored
candy strips along cylinder to achieve mottled effect. May control battery of machines that
automatically pump soft centers into candy, roll or spin candy, size rope candy, cut it to specified
size, and pass it through cooling conveyor for wrapping and packing. When preparing rolls of
jelly-centered coconut candy, may be designated Coconut-Jelly Roller (sugar & conf.).
520.682-034 CRACKER-AND-COOKIE-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products) alternate titles: machine captain
Operates machine to roll dough into sheets and to form crackers
or cookies, preparatory to baking: Turns crank to adjust space between rollers. Selects and installs
stamping or extruding die unit in machine, using wrench. Pushes trough of dough to machine and
shovels dough into hopper or dumps it into hopper, using hoist. Starts machine and inserts end of
dough from hopper into roller. Observes operation and removes malformed cookies or crackers.
Verifies weight of samples against standards, using balance scale. Scoops such ingredients as salt,
sugar, and nuts into hoppers located along conveyor belt. May be designated according to machine
operated as Bar-Machine Operator (bakery products); Drop-Machine Operator (bakery products);
Rotary-Machine Operator (bakery products); or according to product formed as Fig-Bar-Machine
Operator (bakery products); Matzo-Forming-Machine Operator (bakery products).
520.684-010 ALMOND-PASTE MOLDER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: marzipan molder
Colors, kneads, and forms almond paste into decorative shapes,
such as fruits and flowers: Adds specified amount of coloring to batch of almond paste and kneads
it to distribute coloring uniformly. Rolls paste into sheets or cuts pieces from lump of paste and
molds into decorative shapes, using fingers. May affix trimmings, such as artificial leaves and stalks,
and form designs, using fingers or pronged instrument. May paint molded products with edible
coloring, using brush.
520.684-014 ROLLER I (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: candy mixer; candy roller; center maker, hand; slab worker; stick roller
Kneads soft candy into rolls, cuts rolls into slices, and shapes
slices into centers for bonbons or other candies: Dusts worktable with powdered sugar to prevent
adherence of candy to table. Kneads slab of soft candy into roll and cuts roll into slices of specified
size. Shapes slices to form centers for coated candies. May dump rolls of candy into hopper of
machine that automatically cuts and shapes centers, or feed rolls into machine that slices them into
loaf-shaped sections.
520.685-010 BATTER MIXER (bakery products) alternate titles: mixing-machine attendant
Tends machine that mixes ingredients to produce batter for cakes
and other bakery products: Positions mixing bowl under mixer and attaches water hose. Selects and
installs beater in mixer, according to type of batter being produced. Observes meter and moves lever
to admit specified amount of water into bowl. Dumps preweighed ingredients into bowl. Starts
machine, turns cranks, and sets dials to regulate speed and mixing time. Feels texture of batter to
judge desired consistency. Weighs batch of batter to ensure conformance to weight specifications.
May mix dough. May be designated according to type of batter mixed as Cake-Batter Mixer (bakery
products); Doughnut-Batter Mixer (bakery products); Wafer-Batter Mixer (bakery products).
520.685-014 BATTER MIXER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: batch mixer
Tends machine that mixes ingredients to prepare batter for ice
cream cones: Dumps required number of sacks of sifted flour into mixer. Measures or weighs out
specified amounts of other ingredients, such as sugar, coloring, water, and baking soda and pours
them into mixer. Starts mixer and opens valve to transfer batter from mixer to storage tanks.
520.685-018 BLENDER-MACHINE OPERATOR (oils & grease)
Tends blending machine that mixes salt with coarse-grained
margarine to produce finished product: Weighs specified amount of kneaded margarine and shovels
it into open top of blender. Adds specified amount of salt. Starts paddle of blender to mix
ingredients. Tips mixing bowl and shovels margarine into handtrucks.
520.685-022 BLENDER, SNUFF (tobacco)
Tends machine that blends cut leaf tobacco, toasted tobacco
stems, and sweetener preparatory to being ground into snuff: Hauls tubs filled with tobacco or stems
to work area. Raises side of tub and rakes tobacco and stems into hopper of blending machine.
Weighs and dumps specified amount of sweetener into hopper. Starts machine and regulates speed
of conveyor.
520.685-026 BLENDING-LINE ATTENDANT (tobacco)
Tends conveyors and machines that blend various types and
varieties of tobacco with domestic blends of tobacco: Starts conveyors to move continuous flow of
tobacco under blenders (revolving spikes) to feeders that add specified types of tobacco, through
ordering cylinder, overflow scales, and onto final blending belt. Sets timers to control blending and
feeding speeds and sets flow scales to control amount of tobacco fed, following specifications. Forks
specified tobacco into feeder at intervals, to obtain desired blend. Observes flow of tobacco and
operation of conveyors and machines to ensure efficient operation. Records weight of each lot
processed. May be designated according to type of tobacco processed as Turkish-Line Attendant
(tobacco); Virginia-Line Attendant (tobacco).
520.685-030 BLENDING-TANK TENDER (beverage; can. & preserv.) alternate titles: blender; blending-kettle tender
Tends equipment to blend citrus fruit juices: Opens valves to
permit juices to flow from extractor machines to holding tanks. Fills blending tanks with required
amounts of specified juices. Turns on mechanical agitators in blending tanks to mix contents, and
pumps mixture to deoiling and pasteurizing machines.
520.685-034 BRINE-MIXER OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that mixes water and salt to prepare brine solution
for use in preserving or separating food products: Turns valves to transfer solution from mixing
machine to storage or separator tanks. Tests specific gravity of solution with hydrometer and adds
water or salt to bring solution to specified density. May clean machinery and equipment, using steam
hose, soap, and brushes.
520.685-038 CAKE FORMER (oils & grease) alternate titles: former; former puller
Tends machine that forms cooked oilseed meats into cakes prior
to oil extraction: Places cloth on cake-forming tray and presses lever or pedal to position charging
buggy (hopper) over tray. Releases oilseed onto tray and folds ends of cloth over oilseed meats.
Lowers head (metal block) into position over tray containing meats, and pulls lever to raise tray
against head and form oilseed meats into cake.
520.685-042 CAKE STRIPPER (oils & grease)
Tends machine that removes cloth wrapper from pressed
cottonseed cake: Inserts end of cloth in which cottonseed cake is wrapped into slotted shaft of
cake-stripping machine. Presses pedal to revolve shaft that strips cloth from cake. Places cake onto
conveyor for further processing.
520.685-046 CANDY PULLER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: hard-candy batch-mixer
Tends candy-pulling machine or kneads candy by hand to impart
specified flavor, color, and consistency to candy preparatory to spinning and cutting: Kneads and
pulls batch of candy. Adds specified amount of coloring and flavoring agents and continues kneading
until coloring and flavoring are uniformly distributed and candy feels hardened enough to withstand
machine pulling. Hangs kneaded ribbon of candy on hooks of pulling machine and starts machine
that pulls candy until it feels sufficiently hardened to retain specified consistency after spinning and
cutting. May be designated according to candy pulled as Taffy Puller (sugar & conf.).
520.685-050 CANDY-MAKER HELPER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: candy-cooker helper; whipper-beater
Tends candy making machines that mix candy ingredients:
Weighs, measures, mixes, and dumps specified ingredients into cooking utensils. Opens discharge
valve, and starts pumps or tilts cooker or kettle to pour cooked candy onto tables or into beaters. May
form soft candies by spreading candy onto cooling and warming slabs, cut candy by hand or with
machine knife, cast candy in starch or rubber molds, or by machine that extrudes candy. May form
hard candies by hand or machine-pulling or spinning. Washes kettles, cookers, machines, and
equipment after each batch. Performs other duties as described under HELPER (any industry) Master
Title. May be designated according to type of candy mixed or cooked as Caramel-Candy-Maker
Helper (sugar & conf.); Nougat-Candy-Maker Helper (sugar & conf.).
520.685-054 CASING-FLUID TENDER (tobacco) alternate titles: flavoring maker
Tends vats, tanks, and pumps to mix, store, and transfer flavoring
ingredients for use in making casing fluid: Pumps liquid from tank car to holding tanks and from
holding tanks into vats for mixing. Adds specified amount of powdered flavoring to liquid in vat and
admits steam to vat to blend liquid and powdered ingredients. Pumps mixture into aging tanks or to
casing machine storage tanks.
520.685-058 CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (dairy products)
Tends machine that forms, cools, and cuts process cheese into
slices of specified size and weight: Places forming die into manifold of cheese hopper. Starts
refrigerant pump and observes thermometer to cool conveyor to specified temperature. Starts and
sets speed of cheese pump which forces cheese through openings in manifold to form ribbons of
cheese of specified width and thickness. Threads ribbons of cooled cheese through stacking rolls
which pile them on top of each other. Observes lighted panel buttons which indicate off-weight
cheese stacks going through automatic cutter, weigher, and counter. Alters speed of cheese pump
or presses button to automatically reset speed of conveyor to obtain specified weight cheese. Places
cheese stack on scale to test accuracy of automatic weigher. Stops machine to clear jams.
520.685-062 CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends machine that forms sugar decorations for cakes: Fills
machine hopper with prepared sugar mixture. Places sheet of paper on machine bed under die. Turns
handwheel on machine to force mixture through die to form decorations on paper sheet. Places filled
sheet on rack for transfer to packing department.
520.685-066 CHOPPING-MACHINE OPERATOR (meat products)
Tends machine that chops and mixes ground meat into emulsion
for use in making such products as bologna, meat loaves, sausages, and wieners: Dumps ground
meat and premixed seasonings into chopping machine, using fork or hoist, or pulls lever to raise
hopper and turns valve to feed meat trimmings into chopping machine. Pours designated amount of
premixed seasonings and water or ice into chopping machine to season, moisten, and obtain
specified temperature of mixture. Starts machine to mix emulsion to specified consistency. Stops
machine and pulls lever to lower center core of mixing bowl and discharge emulsion into pan or
truck. Scrapes emulsion from bowl. May push truck filled with emulsion to stuffing machine. May
grind meat [MEAT GRINDER (meat products)]. May add ingredients, such as pickles, olives, and
pimentos to emulsion.
520.685-070 CHURN OPERATOR, MARGARINE (oils & grease)
Tends equipment that mixes and churns ingredients to produce
margarine: Turns valves to admit preweighed ingredients, such as milk, water, and oil, into mixing
vat. Weighs or measures additives, such as emulsifier, preservatives, salt, and vitamins, according
to formula, using scale or graduate. Dumps additives into mixing vat. Starts agitator that blends and
emulsifies ingredients. Observes temperature gauge and adjusts steam valve to maintain specified
temperature in vat. Stops agitator after specified period of time, and turns valve to transfer
ingredients to cooling unit. May pasteurize milk [PASTEURIZER (oils & grease)]. May harden
emulsion [VOTATOR-MACHINE OPERATOR (meat products; oils & grease)]. May test milk for
acidity. May disassemble and clean stock lines, and change filtering apparatus. May mix ingredients
for vegetable shortening and be designated Shortening Mixer (oils & grease).
520.685-074 COCOA-POWDER-MIXER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends machine that mixes dry ingredients to make cocoa blends
and dairy powder mixes: Weighs out specified amounts of ingredients, such as sugar, powdered
milk, and cocoa, according to formula, and dumps ingredients into mixing machine. Starts machine
that mixes ingredients for specified length of time. Opens machine valve and starts conveyor to
transfer mixed batch to storage. Collects sample of completed mix for laboratory analysis. May add
ingredients and remix batch, according to laboratory recommendation. May be designated according
to product mixed as Dairy-Powder-Mixer Operator (sugar & conf.). May tend panel-controlled
conveyorized system that transfers measured amounts of ingredients from respective bins to
continuous mixing machine and be designated Quick-Mixer Operator (sugar & conf.).
520.685-078 CONFECTIONERY-DROPS-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends one or more machines that extrude chocolate or
nonchocolate confectionery mixture through die plate onto conveyor to form such products as stars,
chips, or sheets: Attaches specified die plate to machine, using handtools. Starts machine and
observes action to ensure that confection is forming according to standards. May clamp metal bar
to bed of conveyor to form mixture into sheets. May be designated according to design of product
as Chocolate-Drops-Machine Operator (sugar & conf.).
520.685-082 COOKER, CASING (tobacco) alternate titles: flavor maker
Tends heated vats to mix and cook tobacco casing fluid
ingredients: Admits steam into jacket of vat. Dumps solid ingredients into vat and pours liquids from
pail or turns valve to admit liquids, following written or oral instructions. Starts agitator in vat or
stirs mixture with paddle to mix ingredients and prevent them from boiling over. Starts pump or
removes bung from bottom of vat, after mixture is cooked into syrup, to transfer casing fluid to
storage tanks. May measure specific gravity of fluid, using hydrometer, and add water, according
to consistency of mix. May weigh or measure cooked ingredients.
520.685-086 DIVIDING-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products) alternate titles: roll-dough divider; roll-machine operator
Tends machines that automatically divide, round, proof, and
shape dough into units of specified size and weight, according to work order, preparatory to baking:
Presses buttons and turns dials or handcranks to start machines and to adjust capacity of dividing
compartments and speed of feeding conveyor on dividing machine. Weighs units of dough, using
balance scale, and adjusts machine when units vary from standard. Scoops flour or starch into sifters
which automatically dust units of dough to prevent sticking. Observes progress of units of dough
through machines that automatically round, proof, and shape dough. Turns rheostats to control speed
of proofing and molding machine conveyors. Inspects shaped units of dough as they are ejected into
pans from molding machine and discards misshapen units. May place dough in pans by hand,
position pans in racks, and push racks to holding area for proofing. May fill reservoir of automatic
feeding device with seeds, such as sesame, caraway, and poppy seeds, when processing buns. May
be designated according to machine tended as Molding-Machine Operator (bakery products).
520.685-090 DOUGH-BRAKE-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products)
Tends machine that kneads dough to desired texture: Sprinkles
roller and catching apron of machine with flour to keep dough from sticking. Starts machine and
turns handwheels to adjust distance between rollers. Cuts off lump of dough in trough and inserts
dough between rollers. Catches dough as it extrudes from machine and reinserts it at different angles
until texture reaches desired consistency.
520.685-094 FEED BLENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends agitator tubs that blend ingredients used in making stock
feed: Turns valves to admit measured amounts of materials, such as bran, gluten, and steep water
into tubs, and starts paddle agitators. Feels sample of mixture to determine if feed consistency meets
plant standard. Pulls lever to open sliding gate and drain mixture from tubs.
520.685-098 FEED MIXER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: batch-mixer operator; feeder operator; mash-feed-mixer operator
Tends machines that mix stock or poultry feed according to
formula and conveys it to packing machine or storage: Dumps specified number of sacks of meal,
mash, grain, and meat scrap into machine hopper, or presses buttons on control panel to transfer
individual ingredients from separate bins to batch scale hopper until specified weight of each
ingredient is obtained. Weighs additives, such as minerals and vitamins, and dumps them into
hopper. Starts machine to mix ingredients, and starts elevators and conveyors to transfer feed to
storage tanks or packing machine hoppers. May match color of mix with standard sample by
adjusting automatic feeder controls to regulate amount of ingredient in mix. May adjust nozzles,
rheostat, or steam controls to spray heated molasses onto feed. May record weight of feed mixed or
ingredients used. May be designated according to type of feed mixed as Dairy-Feed-Mixing Operator
(grain-feed mills); Poultry-Feed-Mixer Operator (grain-feed mills); or according to ingredient mixed
with feed as Limer (grain-feed mills); Molasses-Feed Mixer (grain-feed mills). May tend machines
that automatically weigh out specified amounts of mash and grain prior to mixing with ingredients
and be designated Feeder Operator, Automatic (grain-feed mills).
520.685-102 FLAKING-ROLL OPERATOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: flake-or-shred-roll operator; roll operator
Tends machine containing rolls that form cooked grain into
flakes, shredded biscuits, or other shapes to produce cereal products: Moves controls to start pairs
of rollers rotating and to convey cooked grain to roll feeders. Turns dials and handwheels to adjust
pressure of rollers to maintain specified thickness and consistency of formed product, as indicated
by feel and visual inspection, and to control rate of feed of grain through feeding mechanism.
Replaces worn knives used to scrape formed grain from roller surface, using handtools.
520.685-106 FLOUR BLENDER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: blender
Tends machines that blend and sift flour, and conveyors that
carry flour between machines: Starts screw conveyors or turns valves on feed chutes to transfer flour
from storage bins to mixing machine, or dumps designated bags of flour into hopper of machine.
Starts machine to mix flour and pulls lever to open gate and allow blended flour to flow from
machine. Starts separator that sifts mixed flour to remove lumps. Starts conveyors that transfer
blended and sifted flour to packing machine.
520.685-110 GREEN-COFFEE BLENDER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: coffee blender
Tends machines that blend various grades of green coffee beans:
Transfers sacks of specified grades of green coffee beans to dumping chute, using handtruck.
Empties beans onto chute. Starts machine that mixes coffee beans. Pulls levers to dump mixed coffee
beans into elevators that convey them to cleaning and storage areas.
520.685-114 ICING MIXER (bakery products) alternate titles: filler mixer
Tends equipment that mixes ingredients for icing or filling bakery
products: Weighs and measures ingredients, such as sugar, chocolate, food coloring, and pulped or
ground fruit or nuts, according to recipe. Dumps ingredients into mixing bowl. Selects and installs
beater arms in mixing machine, using wrench. Turns dials and pushes buttons to set mixing time,
temperature, and speed to start machine. Pours measured amount of water from container into
mixing bowl, and adds additional ingredients, as necessary, during mixing cycle to ensure that icing
or filling meets company standards. Observes and feels texture of mix to determine when desired
consistency has been obtained. May cook some types of icings or fillings in steam-jacketed kettles.
May mix meringue for pie topping. May be designated according to product mixed or cooked as
Cooker, Pie Filling (bakery products); Fruit Mixer (bakery products); Pie-Filling Mixer (bakery
products).
520.685-118 KETTLE TENDER (sugar & conf.)
Tends machine that mixes chewing gum base with powdered
sugar: Places spout of vibrating hopper, containing powdered sugar, in top of mixing machine and
starts vibrator and mixer. Places container on scale under spout of centrifuge machine and opens
valve to allow specified amount of gum base to fill container. Positions container over mixer and
opens discharge valve to allow gum base to flow into mixer. Dumps gum requiring reprocessing into
mixer to mix with new batch. May substitute glucose syrup for powdered sugar.
520.685-122 LOZENGE-DOUGH MIXER (sugar & conf.)
Tends machine that mixes formulated ingredients, such as sugar,
syrup, and flavoring to make dough for candy lozenges: Weighs and measures ingredients according
to formula, and dumps specified quantity of ingredients into trough of mixing machine. Starts
machine that kneads and mixes ingredients, forming dough. Examines and feels mixture for specified
consistency and to determine need for additional ground sugar or other ingredients. Scoops lozenge
mixture onto tray for further processing. May be designated according to product mixed as Kiss
Mixer (sugar & conf.); Mint-Lozenge Mixer (sugar & conf.).
520.685-130 MASH GRINDER (dairy products)
Tends mill and agitating vat that grind and mix flour and malt
with water, to make malted milk mash: Turns water valve to fill vat and starts grinder and agitator.
Transfers flour and malt from storage silo by moving microswitch controls to deposit specified
amounts through automatic scale hopper into mill or by placing counters on meters and starting
conveyors that carry measured amounts through grinder into vat. Observes ammeter, and grain and
water meters to detect deviations from specifications, and moves levers to alter grain and water flow.
Pumps mash to mash kettles. May heat mash by mixing steam with water.
520.685-134 MILL FEEDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends machine that mixes meat scraps, used in poultry feed, into
uniform mixture: Starts machine and opens slide gate in hopper to feed scraps into machine.
Observes meter and adjusts slide gates in feed hopper to regulate flow of material into machine.
520.685-138 MIXER (food prep., nec)
Tends automatic grinding and blending machine to prepare
condiments, such as dry and liquid salad dressing mixes, spaghetti sauce mix, garlic spread, and
seasoning salts: Weighs out and measures ingredients, such as spices, oils, cheese, and salt. Dumps
ingredients into hopper of machine and turns valve to admit specified amounts of liquid ingredients
into hopper. Moves controls to adjust speed of grinding rollers. Sets thermostats to maintain
specified temperature. Starts machine to mix ingredients for predetermined period. May transfer
ingredients from storage to work area, using lift truck.
520.685-142 MIXER OPERATOR II (chemical)
Tends machine that mixes specified amounts of additives and raw
salt to fortify salt products, such as table salt, salt tablets, and block salt: Weighs out specified
amounts of additives, such as potassium iodide, magnesium carbonate, garlic, and spices, using
scale, and dumps them into drum of mixer. Starts automatic weighing machine that weighs out
prescribed amount of salt. Moves levers to transfer salt from scales to mixing drum and starts mixer.
Pushes lever to open bottom of mixer and discharge mixed product into packing bins or into feed
hopper of tablet compressor. May tend vibrating screens to size salt crystals. May be designated
according to product for which salt is mixed as Mixer Operator, Raw Salt (chemical); Mixer
Operator, Tablets (chemical); Mixer Operator, Vacuum-Pan Salt (chemical).
520.685-146 MIXER OPERATOR (beverage)
Tends mixer to produce powdered drink or food: Weighs and
measures ingredients according to formula and pours them into mixers, or starts conveyor to move
premeasured ingredients into mixer. Starts mixer to mix ingredients for specified time. Compares
color of mixture with color chart to ensure product color meets specifications. Moves lever to dump
mixture into container or onto conveyor. May be designated according to product mixed as
Gelatin-Powder Mixer (beverage); Soft-Drink-Powder Mixer (beverage).
520.685-150 MIXER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: five-roll-refiner batch mixer
Tends machine that mixes such ingredients as chocolate
liquor, sugar, powdered milk, and cocoa butter preparatory to making sweet chocolate: Weighs and
dumps dry ingredients into mixing machine by hand, hydraulic lift, or conveyor equipped with
automatic scale. Observes meters and turns valves to admit measured amounts of liquids into mixer.
Observes thermometer and sets thermostat to heat mixer to specified temperature. Starts mixer.
Examines mixture to ensure that consistency conforms to standards. Starts conveyor to transfer
finished batch to refining machine. May tend automatic sugar grinders or pulverizers [SUGAR
GRINDER (sugar & conf.)]. May be designated according to type of mixer used as Melangeur
Operator (sugar & conf.).
520.685-154 MIXER-AND-BLENDER (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that mixes and blends food ingredients to
produce such products as mayonnaise, mustard and salad dressing, and spices, according to formula:
Weighs such ingredients as eggs, salt, spices, and sugar, using scale or weighing hopper. Dumps
ingredients into mixing machine. Turns valves to permit measured amounts of such liquids as oil,
water, or vinegar to flow from tanks into mixing machine. Starts machine and observes mixing to
ensure thorough blending. Starts pumps to transfer contents of mixer to containers, filling machines,
or storage tanks. May grind dry ingredients, using grinding machine. May be designated according
to product mixed as Egg-And-Spice Mixer (food prep., nec); Mayonnaise Mixer (food prep., nec);
Mustard Mixer (food prep., nec).
520.685-158 MIXER, CHILI POWDER (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that mixes chili powder with other spice
ingredients for use as seasoning: Measures and weighs out specified quantities of ground chili
peppers, garlic, salt, and other ingredients and dumps them into hopper of mixing machine. Adjusts
controls to regulate steam pressure in jacket of mixer and starts machine. Compares sample of
mixture with standard sample to ensure that mixture meets color and texture specifications.
520.685-162 MIXER, DRY-FOOD PRODUCTS (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that mixes, blends, or kneads ingredients to
make dry-food products, such as baking powder, gelatin desserts, pie thickeners, and ice cream
powders: Weighs or measures ingredients and dumps them into mixer or opens valve to admit
specified amounts of each ingredient into mixer from storage hopper. Admits steam or coolant into
jacket of mixer and sets thermostat to maintain temperature in mixer at specified level. Regulates
mixing time and speed for mixing, blending, or kneading, and starts machine. May perform acidity
tests, using pH meter or may submit samples to laboratory. May add additional ingredients and
remix batch on basis of test results or laboratory recommendation. May start conveyor to transfer
dry-food product to next process. May be designated according to food product mixed as
Baking-Powder Mixer (food prep., nec).
520.685-166 MIXING-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that mixes food ingredients for subsequent
processing, canning, or freezing: Loads hopper of mixer with premeasured quantities of ingredients
by hand, conveyor, bucket hoist, or by opening valves. Starts mixer and observes operation to ensure
thorough blending. Pulls lever to tilt and empty mixer or uses scoop to empty mixture into chute,
hopper, or container. May weigh out and measure ingredients, using platform scale and measuring
containers. May observe and control conveyors and filling machines in processing line to ensure
continuous operation.
520.685-170 MIXING-TANK OPERATOR (oils & grease)
Tends equipment that mixes ingredients for use in producing
margarine: Turns valve to admit liquid ingredients, such as water or milk, into mixing vat. Dips
measuring stick into vat and closes valve when liquid reaches specified level. Weighs specified
quantities of dry ingredients, such as salt and powdered milk, and empties ingredients into vat. Starts
agitator to mix liquid and powdered ingredients for specified time. Turns valve to empty mixed
ingredients from vat for further processing.
520.685-174 MOLDER, MEAT (meat products)
Tends stuffing machine that fills molds with meat emulsion
to form meat loaves: Slides mold under discharge nozzle of stuffing machine and moves lever to
discharge emulsion into mold. Removes filled molds and places them on racks for further
processing. May fill molds with meat cuts or whole pieces of meat by hand or using compressed air
plunger and be designated Hand Molder, Meat (meat products). May stuff bologna and canadian
bacon into casings by hand. May close ends of filled casings with metal clip and by tying with string.
520.685-178 PELLET-MILL OPERATOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: feed-and-pellet operator
Tends machine that presses ingredients into feed pellets for
poultry and stock feed: Turns steam valves to regulate temperature of machine. Observes ammeter
and turns valves to regulate flow of material to machine. May adjust nozzles to regulate flow of
molasses into ingredients and turn steam valves to regulate temperature of molasses. May adjust
flow of air to cool pellets in cooler. May tend bucket elevator equipment to transfer pellets to
storage. May adjust rollers to crush pelletized feed into crumbles. May mix poultry or stock feed
preparatory to pelletizing [FEED MIXER (grain-feed mills)].
520.685-182 PRESS OPERATOR, MEAT (meat products)
Tends machine that presses such meats as bacon slabs, beef
cuts, hams, and hog butts, into shape to facilitate slicing or packing: Positions meat on table of
pressing machine and depresses pedal or pulls lever to lower ram onto meat that compresses meat
into shape. Removes meat from machine and places in container, or on conveyor for transfer to
slicing machine. May tend slicing machine [SLICING-MACHINE OPERATOR (dairy products;
meat products)]. May be designated according to cut of meat pressed as Butt Presser (meat
products); Ham Molder (meat products).
520.685-186 PRESS TENDER (food prep., nec)
Tends battery of presses that automatically mix ingredients,
and knead and extrude dough for use in making macaroni products: Installs specified dies in presses,
using handtools. Sets automatic weighing device. Opens valves to admit prescribed ingredients into
mixing unit and turns dials that control rate of flow of material through processing units. Starts
machines that trim and rack extruded strands of long goods over drying sticks (rods) and convey
them into preliminary drying chamber, or extrude short goods onto conveyor chutes leading to series
of driers. Observes presses in operation to ensure progressive movement of mixture. Regulates speed
of press to control product quantity. Observes color of dough and feels its consistency to determine,
from knowledge and experience, if product conforms to standard. May be designated according to
type press product as Press Tender, Long Goods (food prep., nec); Press Tender, Short Goods (food
prep., nec).
520.685-190 PRETZEL-TWISTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products)
Tends machine that automatically rolls, cuts to size, and
twists dough to form pretzels and conveys them to oven: Turns knobs to adjust machine to roll and
cut dough to specified thickness and length. Loads dough into machine hopper and starts machine.
Observes processing of dough through machine to detect broken or misformed pretzels. Stops
machine to clear jams. May be designated according to type of pretzel formed as
Pretzel-Stick-Machine Operator (bakery products).
520.685-194 RELISH BLENDER (can. & preserv.) alternate titles: relish maker
Tends machine that blends diced pickles with other
ingredients to make relish: Weighs out specified quantity of diced pickles in barrel, using floor
scales, and dumps pickles into blending tank, using automatic hoist. Pumps cooked mixture of sugar,
syrup, spices, and preservatives into blending tank. Starts agitator in blending tank and observes
process to ensure thorough blending. Opens valve to transfer relish to bin for packing.
520.685-198 ROLLING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: candy-rolling-machine operator; cut-roll-machine operator; roller operator
Tends machine that rolls slabs of candy to specified thickness
prior to cutting: Turns handwheel to adjust clearance of rollers to accommodate thickness of slab
without binding. Starts machine and feeds slab of candy between rollers. Reverses rollers to return
candy for removal. Readjusts rollers and continues operation until candy is rolled to specified
thickness.
520.685-202 SAUSAGE MAKER (meat products)
Tends machine that mixes ingredients, such as ground meat
and condiments, to make sausage, according to formula: Weighs ingredients and dumps them into
mixing machine. Starts machine that mixes ingredients. Empties mixed ingredients into containers.
May grind meat. May fill casings with bulk sausage [BULK-SAUSAGE-STUFFING-MACHINE
OPERATOR (meat products)].
520.685-206 SAUSAGE MIXER (meat products)
Tends machine that mixes ground meat and condiments to
make bulk sausage: Shovels meat into bowl of mixing machine and adds specified amounts of
seasonings. Starts machine, observes thermometer, and adds water or ice to bowl to regulate
temperature of mixture. Moves lever to tilt mixing bowl and empty contents into cart. Scrapes meat
from bowl and mixing paddles.
520.685-210 STUFFER (meat products) alternate titles: sausage stuffer
Tends equipment that forces meat emulsion into casings to
make meat products, such as linked sausages, frankfurters, and wieners: Lifts lid from compression
cylinder and shovels meat emulsion into cylinder. Tamps emulsion with shovel to remove air
pockets and replaces lid. Turns valve to admit compressed air into cylinder. Slides casing over
discharge nozzle and moves lever to discharge emulsion into casing. Ties knot in end of filled
casing, or seals casing with clipping device to prevent loss of emulsion. May tend machine that
automatically fills, links, and ties casings with wire band. May feed filled casing into linking
machine. May tend stuffing machine that fills casings with bulk sausage and be designated
Bulk-Sausage-Stuffing-Machine Operator (meat products).
520.685-214 SWEET-GOODS-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products) alternate titles: bench hand, machine; dough sheeter
Tends machine that automatically rolls (sheets), curls, and
cuts sweet goods into specified size and weight preparatory to making rolls, coffee cake, and other
sweet goods: Fills dispensing units of machine with such ingredients as oil, cinnamon, and sugar.
Adjusts valve to control sprinkling of ingredients on dough and starts machine. Picks up dough from
pan and sprinkles with flour. Places dough on conveyor that feeds into sheeting rolls. Observes
progress of dough rolling, and stops machine to correct malfunctions. May roll dough by repeated
hand feeding through machine to obtain desired consistency.
520.685-218 TRAY-CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (dairy products)
Tends conveyor-type casting machine that pumps process
cheese into molds to form slices of specified size and weight: Places paper interleaves in dispenser
and presses button to signal for cheese to be dropped into hopper. Starts machine that automatically
pumps measured amounts of cheese onto interleaves in trays, and spreads cheese into slices of
specified size. Observes weight-indicator light and moves lever to regulate amount of cheese
deposited in tray. Straightens interleaves, replaces clogged dispenser, or feeder needle, scrapes
cheese from tamper and vacuum openings in tray, and removes malformed slices.
520.685-222 TUMBLER TENDER (food prep., nec)
Tends machine to season potato chips, corn chips, or similar
food products: Dumps food products into drum of machine and starts machine that rotates drum.
Scoops seasoning from barrel, using measuring cup, and sifts seasoning onto food product in drum.
Stops machine after specified time and tilts drum to dump material into container, onto conveyor,
or into hopper of bagging machine.
520.685-226 UNLEAVENED-DOUGH MIXER (bakery products)
Tends five-position mixing machine to mix unleavened
dough ingredients, such as flour, eggs, salt, and water in production of matzoh products: Pushes
mixing pot onto roller platform and positions pot under automatic filling and weighing devices. Flips
switch and turns controls to fill mixing pot with dough ingredients. Observes scale indicators to
determine when specified amounts of ingredients have been added. Dumps premeasured pail of
condiments into mixing pot. Pushes pot from roller platform onto platform of mixing machine.
Depresses button to move platform to each of five mixing positions and to simultaneously agitate
mixing fork in mixing pot. Depresses foot pedal to uncradle mixing pot from final position, lifts and
pulls pot onto roller platform, and pushes pot onto elevator for conveying to dough-dumping station.
Observes machine and auxiliary automatic pot-washing system, and stops machine and notifies
supervisor when malfunctions occur. Cleans mixer cover, using brush and airhose, and unscrews
mixing fork from spindle for cleaning by other worker.
520.685-230 MIXER OPERATOR, SNACK FOODS (food prep., nec)
Tends numerically controlled equipment that automatically
mixes oil, water, and mixture of grain products to make dough used in production of snack foods:
Reads chart to determine time intervals and sequence for adding oil and water and length of mixing
cycle. Pulls knobs to activate control panel and observes lights and dials to verify that panel is
functioning. Inspects sections of mixing equipment, such as agitator blades, drum of mixer, and feed
hopper to verify that equipment is clean. Adds emulsifier and contents of oil drum into reservoir
prior to mixing process, using air-powered pump. Selects and pushes wheeled container of
preweighed mixture of grain products or dough scrap into automatic locking device of mixer
elevator. Presses specified buttons on control panel to purge air from oil and water lines, open drum
door of mixer, raise and dump contents of container into mixer, and activate mixer. Observes digital
timer and presses buttons at specified intervals to add predetermined amounts of oil and water, stop
mixing process, and dispense dough onto conveyor for further processing. Observes oil and water
pipes during mixing process to ensure that oil and water are flowing into mixer. Feels dough on
conveyor to detect defects, such as excessively dry, moist, or lumpy dough. Scoops cup of dough
from initial batch of mix for quality assurance testing. Notifies supervisor of dough not meeting
mixing standards and of equipment malfunction.
520.685-234 DOUGH MIXER (bakery products) alternate titles: mixing-machine attendant
Tends machines and equipment that automatically mix
ingredients to make straight and sponge (yeast) doughs according to formula: Moves controls and
turns valves to adjust metering devices that weigh, measure, sift, and convey water, flour, and
shortening into mixer, and that measure and dump yeast, vitamins, yeast food, sugar, salt, and other
ingredients into mixing machine. Turns knobs or dials to set mixing cycle time and maintain
temperature of dough. Starts machine. Feels dough for desired consistency. Positions wheeled dough
trough in front of mixer, opens mixer door, and starts mixer to rotate blades and dumps dough into
trough. Pushes troughs of sponge dough into room to ferment for specified time. Dumps raised
sponge dough into mixer, using hoist, and adds ingredients to complete mixture. Records number
of batches mixed. May weigh and measure ingredients which are manually fed into mixer. May
dump all ingredients into mixer by hand. May be designated according to type of dough mixed as
Bread-Dough Mixer (bakery products); Cookie Mixer (bakery products); Dog-Food Dough Mixer
(bakery products); Doughnut-Dough Mixer (bakery products); Pastry Mixer (bakery products);
Pie-Crust Mixer (bakery products). May be designated: Cracker-Dough Mixer (bakery products);
Pretzel-Dough Mixer (bakery products); Sweet-Dough Mixer (bakery products).
520.686-010 BALL-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: ball-rolling-machine operator; candy roller
Feeds automatic rolling machine that forms pliable candy
into shapes, such as balls or disks: Applies colored candy strips onto outside of candy roll to form
stripes. Places bulk candy on heated canvas belt. Rolls candy into ropelike shape. Starts machine.
Feeds rolled candy into machine that cuts, rolls, cools, and drops shaped candy onto conveyor
leading to wrapping department.
520.686-014 DESSERT-CUP-MACHINE FEEDER (bakery products)
Feeds freshly baked wafers into machine that forms dessert
cups: Positions and holds wafer over male die. Withdraws hand as female die forces wafer over male
die to form dessert cup.
520.686-018 FEED-MIXER HELPER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: feeder loader; hopper loader; mixer-machine feeder
Assists FEED MIXER (grain-feed mills) to prepare stock and
poultry feed: Dumps sacks of wheat, corn, or other ingredients into hopper of mixing machine. Stirs
ingredients in hopper, using paddle to facilitate flow into mixer. Performs other duties as described
under HELPER (any industry) Master Title.
520.686-022 FLOUR-BLENDER HELPER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: blender helper; bolter helper; flour-mixer helper
Fills hopper of blending machine with flour to assist FLOUR
BLENDER (grain-feed mills): Moves sacks of flour from storeroom to blending machine, using
handtruck, forklift, or electric hoist. Cuts sacks open and dumps contents into hopper of machine,
or turns hand screws or moves levers to adjust gate openings of overhead storage bins to release
specified amounts of flour into blender hopper. Performs other duties as described under HELPER
(any industry) Master Title.
520.686-026 GLUCOSE-AND-SYRUP WEIGHER (sugar & conf.)
Weighs specified amounts of glucose and flavoring syrup
for use in making chewing gum: Places container on wheeled scale and positions container under
glucose tap. Fills container with specified weight of glucose. Adds syrup to glucose until prescribed
weight of combined ingredients is reached. Pours ingredients into mixing machine.
520.686-030 MOLDING-MACHINE-OPERATOR HELPER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: mogul feeder; stack puller
Feeds candy-filled starch molding trays onto conveyor or into
feed rack of machine that empties trays, removes starch from candy, and deposits candy on trays or
conveyor for packing and shipment. Positions trays under machine to receive molded candy. Stacks
filled trays and transfers them to drying area, using handtruck. May dump trays of candy into hopper
of machine that shakes starch from candy and be designated Starch Dumper (sugar & conf.).
520.686-034 PLUG SHAPER, MACHINE (tobacco)
Feeds lumps of tobacco into shape cells of automatic press
that compresses lumps into plugs of chewing tobacco.
520.686-038 TAMALE-MACHINE FEEDER (food prep., nec)
Feeds machine that automatically encases ground meat
mixture with cornmeal mixture to form tamales: Fills respective hoppers with cornmeal and ground
meat mixture and presses button to start machine. Removes formed tamales from conveyor, wraps
tamales in corn husks, and packs them in plastic containers.
520.687-010 BLENDER LABORER (tobacco)
Moves leaf tobacco loaded on dollies to blending line from
storage room in tobacco processing plant: Observes workers feeding tobacco onto blending conveyor
to determine when supply of tobacco needs replenishing. Reads grade on card above worker and
locates same grade in storage area. Pulls dolly loaded with tobacco from storage into position along
blending line, using hook. Unties burlap sheet wrapped around tobacco, using pliers. Removes sheets
and dollies from work area.
520.687-014 BLINTZE ROLLER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: cheese-pancake roller
Fills precut sheets of egg dough with cheese, folds ends over
filling, and rolls lengthwise to make blintzes (rolled cheese pancakes). Places blintzes on conveyor
leading to packer.
520.687-018 CANDY MOLDER, HAND (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: molder, hand; novelty-candy maker; paste worker
Pours liquid candy into chilled molds to form solid candy
figures, such as animals or Christmas trees: Dumps or pours candy into warming pan and turns dial
to heat product to pouring temperature. Stirs candy to facilitate melting and pours it into chilled
mold. Taps or tilts mold to distribute candy uniformly throughout mold. Opens mold when candy
has congealed and removes figure. May be designated by type of candy molded as Chocolate Molder
(sugar & conf.).
520.687-022 CANDY SPREADER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: candy-maker helper
Pours and spreads batches of cooked candy, such as fudge,
caramel, or toffee, in pans or trays, or onto temperature-controlled slabs preparatory to cutting:
Covers pan, tray, or slab with wax paper, dusts lined pan with powdered sugar, or greases with
shortening to prevent sticking. Spreads candy to specified thickness, using spatula or roller. May cut
candy into sections, using knife, for use by CUTTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) or
set cutter frames into candy to slice it into individual sections. May roughen surface with scraper to
simulate homemade candy or sprinkle chopped nuts or fruit over candy to decorate it. When
spreading and cutting bar candy, may be designated Candy Maker, Bar (sugar & conf.).
520.687-026 CASING-MATERIAL WEIGHER (tobacco) alternate titles: casing mixer; top flavor attendant
Weighs and measures ingredients used in making casing
fluid, according to formula, using scales and measuring cans. Adds or removes ingredients until
specified amount is obtained and dumps or pours ingredients into cooking vats. Opens containers
in which ingredients are stored. May assist COOKER, CASING (tobacco) in cooking ingredients.
520.687-030 FILLER MIXER (tobacco) alternate titles: filler blender; scrap preparer
Mixes various types of cigar filler or plug filler tobacco:
Weighs out specified amounts of each type of tobacco and dumps tobacco on floor. Forks tobacco
leaves together to obtain uniform mix. Forks mixed leaves into storage bin. May fill bags with
blended filler tobacco. May be designated according to type of filler tobacco mixed as Seed And
Havana-Scrap Preparer (tobacco).
520.687-034 FOOD MIXER (grain-feed mills)
Mixes specified amounts of liquid and solid ingredients
together to make bird foods. Packs product into molds or containers.
520.687-038 GUM PULLER (sugar & conf.)
Conveys lump chewing gum from mixer and dumps gum into
hopper of machine that rolls and scores gum sheets: Positions cart under door of mixer. Sprinkles
sugar by hand over interior surfaces of cart to prevent gum from sticking. Tilts mixing machine and
opens door. Pulls quantity of gum from mixer, cuts it with knife, and drops gum into cart. Pushes
cart into position over hopper of scoring machine. Tilts rear of cart to dump gum into hopper, using
electric hoist.
520.687-042 HOP WEIGHER (beverage)
Weighs hops used in brewing beer: Selects bale of prescribed
hops from storage area in hop room and transports bale to work area, using handtruck. Opens burlap
wrapping of bale, using knife. Breaks bale into chunks and throws chunks into basket on platform
scale. Fills basket to prescribed number of pounds. Wheels filled baskets to brew kettles.
520.687-046 MEXICAN FOOD MAKER, HAND (food prep., nec)
Performs any combination of following tasks concerned with
preparing and packaging Mexican ready-to-serve or frozen foods: Places portions of cooked foods
on tortilla. Rolls or folds tortilla over seasoned ground meat, bean, or cheese mixture to form
Mexican food item. May garnish food with cheese, peppers, olives, and other condiments. May wrap
tortilla around mixture to form characteristic shape and be known as Burrito Maker (food prep., nec).
May fill taco shell with meat and be known as Taco Maker (food prep., nec). May encase cheese or
meat mixture in tortilla and be known as Enchilada Maker (food prep., nec). May spoon sauce and
meat mixture onto tortilla shaped cornmeal dough and wrap product in corn husk or paper and be
known as Tamale Maker (food prep., nec).
520.687-050 PLUG SHAPER, HAND (tobacco) alternate titles: shape hand
Compresses lumps of tobacco into plugs of chewing tobacco
in hand shapes, performing any combination of following tasks: Greases sinkers to prevent lumps
from sticking, using cloth saturated with liquid paraffin or petrolatum. Places sinkers and frames into
shape boxes and fills frame cells with specified number of lumps. Positions filled shape box under
ram of hydraulic press and turns valve to lower ram onto shapes that compress lumps into plugs.
Removes shape boxes from press and sinkers and frames from shape box. Knocks plugs from frame
cells, using rake or metal bar. Stacks plugs on table for further processing. Cleans tin plates in
washing machine or with cloth and water.
520.687-054 SEASONING MIXER (meat products) alternate titles: spice mixer
Weighs and mixes seasonings, such as salt, pepper, and sage,
according to formula, for use in making sausage: Mixes ingredients by hand or in machine. Dumps
mixture into containers and attaches tags or marks containers with identifying information. May
grind whole peppers in grinding machine. May cube eggs, pimientos, and pickles, by placing them
on cutter screen and lowering press to force them through cutters. May peel and cut onions, using
knife. May clip one end of meat casings with clipping tool, and stamp date and code on casings and
sausage containers, using rubber stamp.
520.687-058 SYRUP-MIXER ASSISTANT (grain-feed mills)
Empties sacks of ingredients, such as cane and beet sugar,
into mixing vats preparatory to making table syrups. Carries containers and materials and cleans
vats, using steam hose, as instructed by SYRUP MIXER (grain-feed mills).
520.687-062 SPICE MIXER (can. & preserv.)
Weighs and mixes seasonings and other ingredients to
prepare spice mixes, according to formula, for use in flavoring canned food products: Weighs
specified ingredients, such as spices, salt, and flour, using scales. Mixes ingredients, using mixing
machine, spatula, or portable mixer. Fills containers to specified weight with mix for use in canning
process.
520.687-066 BLENDING-TANK TENDER HELPER (can. & preserv.)
Assists BLENDING-TANK TENDER (beverage; can. &
preserv.) 520.685-030 by directing filling of holding tanks and performing related duties: Pulls latch
of lid-locking hinge or clips metal band holding lid on barrel of juice concentrate, using clippers, to
remove lid from barrel. Signals INDUSTRIAL-TRUCK OPERATOR (any industry) 921.683-050
by hand to guide lifting and positioning of barrel adjacent to opening of holding tank. Manually
holds barrel in contact with tank opening as barrel is tilted to dump juice concentrate into tank.
Sprays inside of barrel to wash remaining concentrate into tank, using hose. Turns valve of holding
tank as directed by BLENDING-TANK TENDER (beverage; can. & preserv.) to open flow of
concentrate into blending tank and to fill blending tank to specified capacity. Cleans residue and film
from equipment and floors following processing, using waterhose, cleaning solution, brushes, and
rags.
521 SEPARATING, CRUSHING, MILLING, CHOPPING, GRINDING, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS
This group includes occupations concerned with setting apart materials in a mixture by filtering, sifting, straining, squeezing, precipitation, centrifugal pressure, or agitation, and breaking materials and reducing them to smaller size by compression, chipping, and smashing.
521.130-010 MILLER SUPERVISOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: miller, first; miller, head; mill operator
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
cleaning and grinding grain and in bolting flour to ensure milling, according to specifications. Feels
flour during processing and adjusts grinding rolls and other equipment to mill product to
specifications. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
521.130-014 SUPERVISOR, POWDERED SUGAR (sugar & conf.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
pulverizing and packing powdered sugar. Inspects pulverizing station to verify that grinders are not
overheating, load on electrical system is within specified limits, and dust collector system is
operative. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
521.131-010 SUPERVISOR, RICE MILLING (grain-feed mills)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
milling rice: Reviews instructions covering grade and amount of rice to be milled, and plans
operations accordingly. Issues instructions for adjusting shelling-stones, rice hullers, rice-cleaning
machine, rice grader, rice polishing equipment, reel, scalping machine and other milling machinery.
Observes milling process, examines rice, and issues instructions for adjustment of machinery to
maintain quality and quantity of product. May inspect and repair machinery. May plan installation
of machinery. Performs duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
521.132-010 MILL PLATFORM SUPERVISOR (sugar & conf.)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
grinding sugarcane in series of crusher mills to extract juice: Signals workers to regulate speed of
conveyors and crusher rollers. Pries cane loose from between rollers to break up jams, using wooden
pole. Adjusts tension of rollers to ensure total extraction of juice. Performs other duties as described
under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
521.132-014 SUPERVISOR, THRESHING DEPARTMENT (tobacco)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers in threshing
department of tobacco processing plant: Pushes buttons on control panels to start conveyors and
machines. Observes threshing machine units to detect jams and defective machine operations.
Removes clogged tobacco, using metal rod or hand, or diverts flow of tobacco to another processing
line until jams have been corrected. Feels tobacco to determine moisture content and turns valves
to regulate flow of steam and water into ordering machine [ORDERING-MACHINE OPERATOR
(tobacco)]. Keeps payroll timecards for subordinates. Performs other duties as described under
SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title.
521.137-010 SUPERVISOR, PICKING (tobacco)
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in
removing offcolor tobacco, stem particles, and foreign matter from tobacco as it moves along belt
conveyors: Observes conveyors to detect malfunctioning. Observes activities of workers picking
green and dark tobacco, stem particles, and foreign matter, such as string, dirt, and paper from
tobacco to ensure that tobacco is processed, according to instructions. Notifies maintenance
department of major breakdowns. Turns knob and moves lever to adjust feed chutes and equalize
distribution of tobacco on conveyors. Performs other duties as described under SUPERVISOR (any
industry) Master Title.
521.362-010 CONTINUOUS-ABSORPTION-PROCESS OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Controls continuous absorption process equipment to remove
coloring from sugar beet juice and gas regenerating furnace to reactivate carbon (burn out
impurities): Starts conveyors and elevators to fill absorption tank with activated carbon. Opens
valves and starts pumps to force sugar juice through carbon in tank. Observes gauges and recorder
readings on panelboard and adjusts controls to obtain constant flow of juice through tank. Draws
sample of juice and observes color for conformance to specifications. Diverts flow of juice through
standby tank when color of juice does not meet specifications. Moves controls on panelboard to
admit fuel and air into regenerating furnace, and presses button that automatically ignites fire in
furnace. Starts conveyors and feeders to convey carbon from tank into furnace that removes
impurities in carbon. Reads gauges and recorders and adjusts controls to regulate furnace
temperature, fuel-air ratio, and feed rate of carbon into furnace. Records operating data in station log.
521.362-014 MILLER, DISTILLERY (beverage)
Controls equipment to clean and grind whole grain for use
in production of distilled liquors: Inspects carloads of whole grain to detect presence of harmful
insects, such as weevils and grain beetles. Collects sample of grain from each carload for laboratory
analysis. Records number of boxcar from which each sample is taken. Pumps whole grain from
boxcars to storage tanks or hopper of cleaning machine, using air-conveyor chutes. Starts automatic
cleaning machine that blows and sifts foreign particles, such as dirt, twigs, and stones from whole
grain and conveys clean grain to storage tank for further processing. Pumps clean grain from storage
tank into hopper balanced on scale and records weight of grain before dumping into grinding
machine. Starts grinding machine, and regulates flow of grain from hopper. Pumps ground meal
from grinding machine into scale-hopper to compute and record difference in weight of grain before
and after grinding. Pumps ground meal into meal tank for further processing. Signals MILLER
HELPER, DISTILLERY (beverage) to connect air-conveyor chutes to pumps and storage tanks,
clean or change screens on cleaning machine, stop and start pumps, conveyors, and machines, and
lubricate moving parts of machines and equipment. Makes minor repairs and adjustments to pumps,
air-conveyor chutes, and machines. May be designated according to specific duties as Grain Miller
(beverage); Grain-Cleaner-And-Transfer Operator (beverage).
521.362-018 REFINERY OPERATOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: control board operator, sugar refining
Controls refinery equipment to produce sugar and sugar
products from starch: Reads dials, meters, and gauges, and moves controls to adjust and regulate
treating time, temperature, rate of flow and density of sugar liquors through filter and evaporator
units. Monitors panelboard to detect and correct equipment malfunctioning. Records processing,
control, and other production data in log. Directs REFINERY OPERATOR, ASSISTANT
(grain-feed mills) and FILTER TENDER (grain-feed mills) when emergency operation of equipment
is manually required, or in operational assignments.
521.365-010 CHAR-FILTER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends bone-char filters to remove soluble impurities and
nonsugars from sugar-liquor solutions: Directs CHAR-FILTER-OPERATOR HELPER (sugar &
conf.) in filling filter tanks with bone-char and liquor. Inspects installations to ensure that hoses are
connected to specified manifold pipe. Posts data on blackboard relating to filter operations, such as
starting and ending time and quality of liquor being filtered, filters broken down for char
regeneration, and filters being washed to recover sugar in char. Notifies other stations when changing
filter hookups to ensure flow of specified liquor. Directs helper in removing filter heads, poking
filters to break up layers of diatomaceous earth, and changing manifold setups to ensure continuation
of refining.
521.382-010 EVAPORATOR OPERATOR (can. & preserv.; dairy products; sugar & conf.)
Controls evaporating equipment to concentrate suspensions
and solutions to specified degree in vacuum tanks or pans: Pumps liquid into evaporator tank or
vacuum pan. Moves switches to start vacuum pumps and maintain specified pressure. Turns valves
to admit steam into evaporator chest, coils, tubes, or jackets and regulate steam input to maintain
specified temperature. Tests concentration of evaporated solution, using refractometer and
hydrometer, and adjusts feeds, temperatures, and pressure accordingly. Pumps concentrated liquid
to storage. May tend auxiliary equipment, such as settling tanks, preheating tanks, condensers, and
cooling equipment. May supervise workers weighing and mixing batches to predetermined formulas.
May pump batch through sterilizer. May control chiller to reduce temperature of fresh citrus juice.
May be designated according to material evaporated as Evaporator Operator, Molasses (can. &
preserv.); Tomato-Paste Maker (can. & preserv.).
521.382-014 SEPARATOR OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Operates flotation machine to remove germs (embryos) from
cracked grain, and tests product to ensure conformance with standards: Determines specific gravity
of cracked grain suspension, using hydrometer. Turns valves to add grain or water to attain specified
density. Starts machine that agitates suspension and permits oil-laden germs to rise to surface. Adds
liquid of specified density that causes germs to float and tests residue for presence of germs. Makes
iodine titration on fluid and suspension leaving germ separator, computes sulfur dioxide content
from amount of iodine added, and records test findings. May turn valves to regulate flow of materials
to other processes, as directed. May operate shakers to remove bran and other fibers from starch
suspension.
521.385-010 CRACKING-AND-FANNING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: cracker-fanner operator
Tends one or more cracking and fanning machines that shell
and crack cocoa beans and separate shells from nibs (cracked beans) preparatory to further
processing: Starts machine rollers and blowers that shell and crack beans and starts conveyors that
carry off shells and transfer nibs to treating drum. Turns handwheels to adjust roller pressure so that
resultant nibs are of specified size. Moves handles to adjust air supply to blower to ensure thorough
separation of shells from nibs. Observes thermometer and turns cold water valve to cool conveyor
carrying beans from roaster to cracking fanning machine. May grind nibs to obtain liquid chocolate
of specified consistency [LIQUOR-GRINDING-MILL OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)].
521.462-010 REFINERY OPERATOR, ASSISTANT (grain-feed mills)
Controls semiautomatic refinery equipment to convert starch
into liquid sugars and concentrate sugars to specific density: Controls pumps and flow of materials
through converters, neutralizers, and evaporators, as instructed. Operates equipment manually during
breakdowns [CONVERTER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills); NEUTRALIZER (grain-feed mills)].
Observes instruments to detect equipment malfunctions and reports readings to REFINERY
OPERATOR (grain-feed mills). Observes equipment to detect and correct fluid leakage or spillage.
Tests sample of product to verify specific gravity, acid strength, and filtration, using hydrometer and
other standard test equipment. Adds acids or alkalies to neutralize converted sugar liquors, and
verifies concentration, using pH meter.
521.565-010 LIQUOR-BRIDGE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: liquor-gallery operator; liquor runner
Tends equipment to regulate flow of liquor (sugar solution)
from char filters to receiving tanks, as scheduled: Opens valves and starts pumps to maintain flow
of liquor into specified storage tank. Places weir box (flow box) under outlet pipe from filter with
flow box outlet over gutter leading to tank inlet. Changes position of weir, in accordance with
notices from CHAR-FILTER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.), as prescribed by schedules, or when
tests of salt content, densities, and purities indicate change in quality of liquor. Regulates flow of soft
liquor bypass to attain specified color and purity of soft-sugar liquor (brown sugar). Records hourly
readings of soft-liquor flow and purities. Directs LIQUOR-BRIDGE-OPERATOR HELPER (sugar
& conf.) in regulating flow and routing of sweetwater and wash waters from char filters. Keeps
record of filter operations. Takes samples of liquors for laboratory analysis.
521.565-014 MASH-FILTER OPERATOR (beverage) alternate titles: filter-press operator; mash-filter-press operator
Tends filter machine to clarify and separate wort from mash:
Observes pressure gauges and turns valves to permit and regulate flow of mash to filter. Starts pump
to recirculate wort through filter until sample reveals desired clarity. Turns valve on signal from
KETTLE OPERATOR (beverage) to sparge (sprinkle) mash residue with hot water to obtain
maximum amount of wort. Measures and records specific gravity of wort with hydrometer and tallies
number of barrels obtained from mash. Turns valve to allow flow of cold water to cool mash residue
and filter. May be designated according to type of filter equipment as Lautertub Tender (beverage).
521.565-018 SOFT-SUGAR OPERATOR, HEAD (sugar & conf.)
Tends centrifuging and screening equipment that separate
brown sugar crystals from syrup and sifts crystals to obtain powdered sugar: Sets spinning, washing,
and steam cycles on automatic centrifuges, and resets cycles as necessary to attain specified color
and quality of sugar. Turns valves to regulate temperature and levels in mixers, surge hoppers, and
supply bins. Gives directions to workers packing sugar in bulk bags. Ensures that containers are
weighed, coded, and sealed according to specifications. Keeps production records, and prepares
reports as specified.
521.582-010 SILICA-FILTER OPERATOR (beverage) alternate titles: filter-machine operator
Operates silica-filtering machine to remove protein and yeast
particles from beer: Positions filter screens between frames and lowers screens into filter tank, using
power winch. Fills mixing tank with specified amounts of silica and water. Starts agitator that mixes
water and silica, and starts pump to transfer mixture into filter tank and coat screens. Turns
calibrated carbon dioxide air valve to pressurize tank. Starts pump that transfers beer from storage
tank through filter screens to strain protein and yeast particles from beer. Drains off sample of beer
and examines it for clarity. Starts pump to transfer filtered beer to bottle-house storage tank or to
lager cellars for carbonation. Removes screens from tank, using power winch, and rinses screens
with water, using hose. Records number of barrels and type of beer filtered on production records.
521.585-010 CENTRIFUGAL-STATION OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC (sugar & conf.)
Tends battery of automatic batch-type, recycling centrifugals
that separate sugar crystals from mother liquor (syrup): Sets timing of cycles on control board,
according to type and consistency of syrup being processed. Turns switches on control panel to start
centrifugals and regulate flow of solution. Observes colored panel lights, dials, and continuous
graphs, and adjusts controls to maintain specified temperature, pressure, and cycling and recycling
operations. Adjusts timers or controls as necessary to obtain specified operating conditions. Observes
progress of solution through loading, washing, spin drying, and dumping processes to detect faulty
operation of equipment. Records operational data.
521.585-014 MILLER (beverage)
Tends milling machine that grinds malted barley and cereals,
such as corn and rice, for use in making brew mash: Starts preset milling machine and conveyor.
Pulls chain to open slide gate on storage bin and drop grain onto conveyor for transfer to machine.
Weighs milled grain, using scale hopper or machine. Records weight and type of product milled.
521.585-018 POWDER-MILL OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends powder-mill pulverizer that grinds granular sugar into
fondant or powdered sugar: Starts powder mill, conveyors, dust collectors, and humidifying
equipment to ready station for operations. Opens valves to admit and regulate flow of sugar into
pulverizer. Adjusts controls to compensate for changes and fluctuations in production. Dissolves
specified amounts of sugar in water and spins solution in centrifugal device to determine starch
percentage. Regulates starch flow to bring percentage within specified limits and prevent powder
from caking. Dissolves other samples to test them for grist. Cleans dust lines, scrolls, and chutes and
clears hopper and elevator blockades. Observes dials and gauges to ascertain that grinders are not
overloaded or overheated. Inspects chains, belts, and scrolls for signs of wear. Keeps records of tests
and production. May be designated according to type of sugar pulverized as
Powdered-Sugar-Pulverizer Operator (sugar & conf.); or equipment operated as Fondant-Machine
Operator (sugar & conf.).
521.662-010 MILLER, WET PROCESS (grain-feed mills)
Operates fuss and impact mills to crack and grind steeped
or degerminated grain, such as corn or milo, to facilitate separation of starch, bran, and gluten: Turns
handwheels and moves levers to regulate pinch of buhrs and to control flow of grain through gates.
Opens valve to start flow of liquid starch into mill to flush buhrs. Feels ground grain to ascertain if
specified degree of fineness is attained. Signals millhouse workers to ensure continuous flow of
materials to and from grinding mill. May disassemble mill to install new buhrs, using wrenches and
hoist.
521.665-010 CHAR-FILTER-TANK TENDER, HEAD (grain-feed mills)
Tends char filter tanks that remove undesirable colloids from
glucose and corn syrup: Signals FILTER-TANK-TENDER HELPER, HEAD (grain-feed mills) to
fill tanks with char (activated carbon) and turn valves to start flow of syrup from storage. Couples
flexible pipe to filters to transfer solution to and from filters, or signals FILTER-TANK-TENDER
HELPER, HEAD (grain-feed mills) to couple pipe. Collects sample of solution to examine color and
measure density, using hydrometer. Reads thermometers and directs workers to turn steam valves
to maintain specified temperature. Directs workers engaged in washing activated carbon and informs
CHAR PULLER (grain-feed mills; sugar & conf.) when to remove char.
521.665-014 EXTRACTOR-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends machines that extract juice from citrus fruit: Starts
machines, observes fruit rolling down chutes, and clears jams by prodding fruit with stick. Inspects
machine for proper functioning. Examines refuse to determine whether maximum amount of juice
had been extracted. Notifies supervisor of needed adjustments or faulty machine operation. Stops
machines when signal indicates juice tanks are filled. Lubricates and cleans machines. May make
minor adjustments to machines. May change reamer heads for different fruit sizes.
521.665-018 FILTER-PRESS TENDER, HEAD (grain-feed mills)
Tends filter presses that remove solids, such as carbon,
proteins, and $T3filtracell,$T1 from solution to produce glucose syrup of standard color and clarity:
Turns valves to control flow of material through press. Folds and jams edges of filter cloths between
plates to seal leaks in press, using sharp-edged tool. Observes gauges for increased pressure which
indicate need for cleaning presses, and notifies PRESS PULLERS (grain-feed mills) when cleaning
is required. Starts agitator and pumps that transfer filtrate into tank. Washes filter cloths in washing
machine. May add activated carbon to tank to decolorize filtrate. May tend vacuum or cloth filter
press that removes water from corn tailings used in preparing stock feed and be known as Press
Tender, Head, Feed House (grain-feed mills).
521.665-022 RICE CLEANING MACHINE TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends battery of machines that clean rough grain preparatory
to milling, and mill, brush, grade, and polish grain: Starts machines, such as shelling stones, grain
hullers, paddy separators, grain brush, grain cleaning machine, and grain polisher. Turns wheels to
adjust feeder equipment of machines. Turns valves to regulate flow of compressed air into machines
to blow chaff and dust from grain. Examines grain during processing to ensure that production and
quality standards are met. Adjusts machines. Opens gates on feed pipes to route grain to designated
milling machines. Performs maintenance duties, such as scraping sieves in machine with stick to
remove dirt, straw, or other foreign material, lubricating equipment, and tightening belts, bolts, and
nuts, using mechanics handtools. Gauges height of grain in storage tank, using tape measure.
Converts measurement to number of bushels in bin, using conversion chart.
521.665-026 SIEVE-GRADER TENDER (can. & preserv.)
Tends battery of rotary or oscillating screens that segregate
vegetables, such as peas and beets, according to size: Starts motors to activate screens and observes
peas passing over screens to prevent clogging and overflow. Observes signal and opens hopper gate
to permit peas of specified size and grade to drop into whitening trough for decolorization.
521.682-010 CENTRIFUGAL OPERATOR (grain-feed mills; sugar & conf.)
Operates centrifugal machines to separate and wash molasses
and mother liquor (syrup) from sugar crystals: Opens gate allowing sugar mass to flow into
centrifuge basket. Starts centrifuge that automatically passes through cycles of spinning off mother
liquor, washing off molasses, and spinning off washwater. Lifts plate covering bottom of basket,
positions cutting arm over sugar and starts machine to cut sugar crystals from inside basket. Washes
centrifuge, using hose. May be designated by type of sugar processed as Soft-Sugar Cutter (sugar
& conf.); White-Sugar Centrifugal Operator (sugar & conf.); or purpose of operation as
Cubelet-Centrifugal Operator (sugar & conf.); Low-Raw-Sugar Cutter (sugar & conf.); Melt-House
Centrifugal Operator (sugar & conf.); Remelt-Centrifugal Operator (sugar & conf.); Remelt-Sugar
Cutter (sugar & conf.).
521.682-014 COCOA-PRESS OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Operates one or more hydraulic cocoa presses that remove
specified amounts of cocoa butter (natural oil of cocoa bean) from chocolate liquor: Starts pump to
remove liquor from storage to steam-heated tanks. Observes thermometers and sets thermostat to
heat liquor to specified temperature. Sets pressure gauge and stroke of ram on cocoa press, according
to specifications, using handtools. Starts press to activate ram that automatically fills pots with
chocolate liquor, extrudes specified amounts of cocoa butter into holding tank, and ejects cocoa
cakes onto conveyor. Records weight of cocoa butter as indicated on scale-equipped holding tank.
May start pump to move cocoa butter into storage tank through filters or centrifugal separator to
remove cocoa residue [COCOA-BUTTER-FILTER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)]. May fill pots,
remove and stack cocoa cakes, and install steel and fiber separator pads by hand when machine is
nonautomatic.
521.682-018 FILTER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Operates filter machine to separate contaminants from
cornstarch and controls temperature and specific gravity of starch suspension fed to filters: Turns
valves to admit water to dilute starch suspension in standardization tank, until hydrometer indicates
specific gravity of solution conforms to specifications. Starts pumps and turns valves to transfer
starch suspension between filter and tanks, and to regulate flow of wash water to filter spray nozzles.
Reads thermometers and turns steam valves to heat tank coils and maintain specified temperature
of water. Assists in changing filter cloths, and repairs or replaces broken filter strings. May flush
soiled filter cloths, using hose. May insert wires into filter nozzles to clear clogging. May standardize
starch suspensions in batch tanks after filtering [BATCH-TANK CONTROLLER (grain-feed mills)].
521.682-022 FLAKE MILLER, WHEAT AND OATS (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: cereal miller
Operates drier, huller, separator, steel cutter, cooker, and
flake roller machines to produce wheat and oats flakes, according to specifications: Adjusts slides
in chutes and turns valves to regulate flow of grain to machines. Adjusts flow of air to dry grain and
feels grain to determine hulling capability. Observes hulling process and adjusts speed of machines
that remove and separate hulls from oats. Turns valves to regulate temperature and moisture in
cooker, and adjusts tension on flaking-machine rolls, according to hardness and size of grain.
521.682-026 GRINDER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: feed miller; gristmiller; mill operator; roller-mill operator
Operates bank of roll grinders to grind grain into meal or
flour: Opens and closes slides in spouts to route grain to various grinders and sifters. Turns wheels
to adjust pressure of grinding rollers for each break (passage of grain between rollers), according to
grain size and hardness, and adjusts feed chutes to regulate flow of grain to rollers. Inspects product
and sifts out chaff to determine percentage of yield. Adjusts rollers to maintain maximum yield.
Replaces worn grinding rollers, using handtools. May sift and bolt meal or flour. May clean and
temper grain prior to grinding. May direct workers who drain and temper grain and bolt meal or
flour. May be designated according to grain milled as Corn Miller (grain-feed mills). May operate
burr mills instead of roll grinders to grind grain and be designated Burr-Mill Operator (grain-feed
mills).
521.682-030 HULLER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Operates machines to clean rice and remove hulls from rice
preparatory to milling: Starts machinery, such as rice cleaner, reel, shelling stones, rice huller, and
conveyor. Adjusts gate in spout to regulate flow of rice into reel. Observes cleaning and hulling
processes, feels rice, and adjusts machinery to ensure rice is processed in accordance with
specifications. Performs related duties, such as lubricating equipment and repairing machinery. May
keep production reports. May direct workers in storage of graded rice.
521.682-034 REFINING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: chocolate-finisher operator; chocolate finisher; chocolate refiner; chocolate-refining roller
Operates refining machines equipped with rollers to grind
chocolate paste in accordance with specifications: Starts conveyor to feed chocolate into refiner
hoppers. Feels consistency of chocolate in hoppers to determine grinding required. Turns
handwheels on machine to adjust clearance between rollers. Opens hopper and starts machine that
feeds chocolate between rollers of refining machine. Observes thermometer or feels rollers and turns
water valves to obtain specified temperature of rollers. Examines, feels, and tastes ground chocolate
paste to ascertain if color, texture, and taste meet standards. Collects sample of paste for laboratory
analysis. May observe flowmeters and turn valves to measure out cocoa butter, vegetable oil, and
other ingredients, according to formula, and to fortify chocolate in mixing tanks. May scoop refined
chocolate paste into wheeled troughs or barrels. May weigh and transport barrels to cold storage
rooms, using handtruck.
521.682-038 SHRIMP-PEELING-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Sets up and operates peeling machine to behead and peel
shrimp preparatory to canning or freezing: Spaces peeling rolls on machine, according to size of
shrimp to be processed and adjusts holding rack bars to intermesh between rolls, using wrenches.
Turns thumbscrews to adjust spring tension on holding rack bars, according to shrimp size and turns
valves to start water flow over rolls. Starts machine and feed conveyor and spreads shrimp over feed
pan at head of rolls to ensure even distribution, using wooden rake. Examines samples of peeled
shrimp to ensure conformance with standards. Adjusts roll spacing and holding for tension as
required. Dismantles and cleans machine with high-pressure stream from water hose. May sterilize
machine parts by directing hot water or live steam over them with hose.
521.685-010 ALMOND HULLER (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that removes hulls and foreign matter from
almonds: Starts machine and dumps almonds into hopper of machine. Moves levers to control flow
of almonds from hopper to machine that agitates screens or cylinders to remove hulls from almonds.
Turns valve to regulate pressure and directional flow of air that separates loose hulls, twigs and
foreign matter from nuts. Observes almonds as they pass on conveyor belt from machine to ascertain
that hulls are removed. Changes screens or adjusts cylinders of machine to accommodate different
varieties of almonds, using wrench. May sew sacks of almonds. May nail covers on crates filled with
hulled almonds.
521.685-014 ALMOND-BLANCHER OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends almond-blanching machine that removes skins from
almonds: Turns valves to fill kettle of machine with water and to admit steam into heating chamber
of kettle. Observes steam pressure and water temperature gauges, and turns valves to regulate steam
pressure and water temperature, according to specifications. Actuates machine to start flow of
almonds into kettle. Turns handwheel to adjust rollers that squeeze skins from almonds. Observes
blanched (skinned) almonds as they emerge from blanching machine and makes necessary
adjustments to machine to ensure that skins are removed.
521.685-018 ALMOND-CUTTING-MACHINE TENDER (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that dices, halves, slices, or slivers almond
meats: Installs specified cutting blades, using handtools. Actuates machine to start flow of almond
meats into machine. Examines cut almond meats to check for conformance with cutting
specifications. Adjusts cutting blades as required. Inserts different blades into machine to
accommodate various sizes of almonds. Sharpens blades with file or $T3bench grinder.$T1 May be
designated according to function of machine tended as Dicer-Machine Operator (can. & preserv.);
Halver-Machine Operator (can. & preserv.); Slicer-Machine Operator (can. & preserv.);
Sliver-Machine Operator (can. & preserv.).
521.685-022 BATCH-TANK CONTROLLER (grain-feed mills)
Tends equipment to maintain specific gravity of starch
suspensions emerging from filter machines and starch-flushing system, and transfers solution for
conversion into sugar and glucose: Dips sample from breaker tank and tests for specific gravity,
using hydrometer. Turns valves to return suspension for reflushing if density does not meet
standards. Starts tank agitators to prevent starch from settling. Turns valves and starts pumps to
transfer solution to storage tanks.
521.685-026 BLEACHER, LARD (meat products; oils & grease) alternate titles: lard maker
Tends equipment that bleaches and filters unrefined lard or
edible oil: Starts pumps to draw unrefined material from storage tank into bleaching kettle. Dumps
prescribed amount of fuller's earth into kettle to absorb impurities in material. Starts agitators to mix
materials. Turns valves to allow steam or cool water to circulate through bleacher coils to heat or
cool material to specified temperature. Draws sample of material for laboratory analysis. Dumps
additional fuller's earth in kettle as directed. Inserts new filter cloths on filter plates. Starts pumps
to draw material from bleaching kettle and force it through filter-press. Starts pumps to drain
bleached and filtered material from filter-press tank into storage tank.
521.685-030 BOLTER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: sifter operator
Tends banks of sifting and purifying machines that separate
fine flour from coarse flour or middlings: Opens spouts and adjusts feed slides to route flour to
machines and to regulate flow across sifters without overloading. Feels sifted flour to detect uneven
texture that indicates breaks in screens. Pulls screen frames from machine to locate and replace
broken screens. Records weights of flour grades produced as indicated on automatic scales. May
collect flour samples periodically for laboratory testing. May perform color tests of flour, comparing
color of various batches to maintain quality of milled product. May be designated according to
machine tended as Purifier (grain-feed mills).
521.685-034 BREAKING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: breaker operator; cutting-machine operator
Tends machine that breaks scored sheets of chewing gum
into tablet size pieces. Starts machine and empties trays of scored gum sheets into revolving drum
of machine. Inserts wire mesh basket into opening of machine to collect and withdraw gum tablets.
521.685-038 BRINE-TANK-SEPARATOR OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends gravity-fed brine-filled tanks that separate young,
tender vegetables, such as peas and lima beans, from more matured vegetables: Turns valve to add
solution to tank and maintain specified level. Pushes vegetables down chute to prevent clogging, as
vegetables emerge from tank. Cleans tank and work area, using scraper and water hose. May mix
brine solution [BRINE-MIXER OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC (can. & preserv.)].
521.685-042 CENTRIFUGE OPERATOR (dairy products)
Tends centrifuge machines that refine liquid wort for use in
making malted milk: Assembles and attaches bowl, rings, and cover onto centrifuge, using hoist and
handtools. Starts machine, observes tachometer, and adjusts controls to regulate speed. Starts pumps,
turns valves, and observes gauges to convey wort through machine at specified pressure. Regulates
clarity of wort by observing color and turning valves to alter pressure flow. Removes solids from
machine with wooden paddle. Cleans machine with water.
521.685-046 CENTRIFUGE OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Tends centrifugal separator and flotation cells that separate
starch from gluten in processing milled grain: Observes recording instruments, turns valves, and
moves levers to obtain specified temperatures, specific gravities, and air, water, and product flow
rates in centrifuges and flotation cells. Inspects, cleans, and lubricates equipment. Observes gauges
and turns valves to maintain level of wash and dilution waters in supply tanks.
521.685-050 CENTRIFUGE OPERATOR (oils & grease)
Tends centrifuge machines to remove solid impurities and
water from animal and vegetable oils: Turns valves to admit steam to jackets of machines. Starts
pumps and opens valves to feed oil to machines and to transfer oil to receiving tanks. Observes
gauges on machines to determine when temperature is within prescribed range. May rub oil between
fingers to detect grit and reprocess oil that does not meet company standards. May open valves to
pump oil through one or more settling tanks to separate water from oil. May clean centrifuge and
settling tanks. Does not utilize heat when processing essential oils, such as citrus oils, due to
volatility of these oils.
521.685-054 CLARIFIER (grain-feed mills; oils & grease)
Tends equipment that removes sediment and moisture to
purify oleo stock: Turns steam valve to heat clarifying tank. Positions strainers across filling vents
of tank. Turns valve to start flow of oleo stock through strainers and into tank. Removes foreign
material from surface of hot oleo stack, using skimmer. Observes gauges and adjusts steam valves
to keep oleo stock heated to specified temperature.
521.685-058 CLARIFIER (beverage)
Tends machine that clarifies wine prior to filtering: Starts
pump to transfer fermented wine from settling cask to clarifying tank. Spreads chemicals over
surface of wine to aid in clarification, and starts agitator to mix ingredients for specified period of
time. Stops agitator to allow suspended matter to settle. Starts pumps to transfer clarified wine to
filtering tank. May fumigate empty wine casks with bottled gas and burn sulfur sticks in casks to kill
bacteria.
521.685-062 CLEAN-RICE GRADER AND REEL TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends machines that clean, grade, and polish rice: Turns
wheels of feeder box to regulate amount of rice on cleaning screen. Adjusts air valve to regulate air
draft that removes dust and straw from rice on screen. Regulates air suction in aspirator that cools
rice and removes bran. Observes rice passing through reels that separate brewer's rice (broken grains)
from rice screenings (larger broken grains) and head rice (whole grains). Adjusts rice grader to
ensure required separation of rice screenings from head rice. Tends machine that mixes water and
corn syrup used as rice polish. Opens outlet in mixer to permit polish to flow into auger mixer and
polish rice.
521.685-066 COCOA-BEAN CLEANER (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: bean dumper
Tends machine that removes from cocoa beans, such foreign
materials as stones, string and dirt: Selects bags of cocoa beans, according to instructions and
transfers them to hopper of machine, using handtruck; or presses button to start conveyors that move
beans from silo to hopper. Opens bags with knife and dumps beans into machine hopper. Positions
conveyor spout to direct cleaned beans to specified silo for storage. Starts conveyors and machine
that carry beans through air-cleaning system to remove foreign matter. Observes cleaning process
to detect machine malfunction or material overflow. Removes and stacks sacks of dirt from
discharge spout of air-cleaning system. Examines silo to verify conveyance of specified type of bean.
521.685-070 COCOA-BUTTER-FILTER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends press that separates residue from cocoa butter: Reads
pressure gauge and starts pump that forces unrefined cocoa butter through filter screen to separate
residue from oil and transfers refined cocoa butter to storage. Unclamps door of filter to remove
screen and gain access to interior of machine. Flushes and removes residue from screen and filter
interior, using scraper and water hose. May treat cocoa butter with prescribed amounts of charcoal
and clay to deodorize cocoa butter in treatment tank and filter press. May tend centrifuge to separate
cocoa butter from residue and be designated Centrifugal Separator (sugar & conf.).
521.685-074 COCOA-ROOM OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: cocoa-mill operator
Tends automatic equipment and machinery that pulverizes
cocoa cakes into powder of specified fineness and weighs and bags cocoa powders: Starts conveyors
to move cocoa cakes through rollers of crusher into hammer mill for grinding into powder, through
cooling chamber, and into air classification system which separates powder, according to density.
Feels cocoa to ascertain fineness and collects sample for laboratory analysis. Fastens bag to holding
tank outlet and pushes button to discharge specified amount of cocoa into bag through automatic
weighing device. Verifies weight of filled bags, using scale. Closes bag and stacks bag on skids. May
move cocoa cakes from storage area preparatory to dumping into hopper of crusher, using pallets
and handtruck.
521.685-078 COFFEE GRINDER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: granulizing-machine operator
Tends machines that grind coffee beans to specified fineness:
Pulls lever or adjusts control to regulate flow of coffee beans into grinding machines. Starts
machines and turns dials or moves levers to adjust grinding rollers. May control conveyors that carry
ground coffee to storage bins.
521.685-082 CORN GRINDER (food prep., nec)
Tends grinding machine that hulls cooked corn and grinds
it into masa (cornmeal dough) for use in production of products, such as tortillas and corn chips:
Scoops cooked corn into hopper of grinding machine or attaches pipe to outlet on soaking vat and
starts pump to transfer corn from holding vat through washer and onto conveyor that carries corn
into hopper of grinder. Starts grinder. Feels masa to determine consistency of grind, and adjusts
grinding stones when necessary.
521.685-086 CORN-GRINDER OPERATOR, AUTOMATIC (grain-feed mills)
Tends semiautomatic machine that crushes and rolls cooked
corn into dough for use in various prepared food products: Starts machine and moves controls to set
speed of grinder screws and clearance of spreader rollers to produce dough of specified texture and
thickness. Fingers handful of dough to verify texture and fineness of grind. Moves controls to
synchronize conveyor speed with machine action, maintaining dough supply at efficient level for
production of food products by other workers.
521.685-090 CRUSHER OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: carrier operator
Tends series of multiple roller mills that grind sugarcane to
extract sugar juice. Moves levers to feed shredded sugarcane into mills.
521.685-094 CRUSHING-MACHINE OPERATOR (beverage) alternate titles: grape crusher
Tends machine that crushes grapes to form must (juice, pulp,
and skins of grape) for use in making wine: Starts machine and regulates rate of flow of grapes into
crusher. Opens outlet valves to drain must into fermenting tanks. Starts refuse conveyor that removes
stems from machine. Removes debris from crusher reservoir (sump) and outlets. Cleans and
lubricates machine.
521.685-098 CUTTER, FROZEN MEAT (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that cuts frozen meats, such as fish, poultry,
and beef into pieces preparatory to grinding: Dumps cartons of food product onto cutting table. Starts
machine and positions meat in front of pusher. Starts automatic pusher or turns handwheel to push
meat into cutter, and to regulate thickness of cut. May record weight of meat cut.
521.685-102 CUTTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: candy cutter, machine; cutter, machine; slicing-machine feeder; stripper-machine operator
Tends machine that cuts candy, such as caramel, nougat, or
fudge, in pieces or strips of specified size: Cuts slab of candy into sections, using knife. Selects
cutting disks, mounted on shaft, according to specified width of cut, and installs cutting disks in
machine. Places candy on conveyor that carries it under rotating disks for cutting into strips.
Repositions cut strips on conveyor or feeds strips against knife so that slicing occurs at right angle
to first cut, forming square or oblong pieces of candy suitable for shipment or further processing.
Weighs random samples to ensure conformity of product with size and weight specifications. Dusts
candy with flour or starch to prevent sticking. May tend machine equipped with two cutting heads,
and device that changes feed angle so that candy is automatically sliced into strips and cut into pieces
of specified size and shape. May be designated according to candy processed as Caramel Cutter,
Machine (sugar & conf.); Mint-Machine Operator (sugar & conf.); Nougat Cutter, Machine (sugar
& conf.).
521.685-106 DETHISTLER OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends flotation cleaner that removes materials, such as pod
fragments, leaves, or thistles from peas and other vegetables preparatory to canning or freezing:
Mixes emulsion solution with water, according to standard formula. Turns valves to fill supply and
separator tanks, and pretreater with water, and starts heater, pretreater pump, and recovery reel. Starts
separator pump and pours emulsion and oil into air inlet pipe. Pulls lever to allow vegetables to flow
into separator tank which floats foreign material out over recovery reel screen. May weigh sample
of cleaned peas and compute weight loss.
521.685-110 DRIED FRUIT WASHER (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that washes dried fruit, such as apricots, figs,
prunes, and raisins preparatory to canning, packaging, or making specialty foods, such as mincemeat
and chutney: Dumps fruit into hopper of machine. Starts machine that rotates fruit rapidly in water
to remove dirt and automatically ejects fruit onto receiving tray. May inspect washed fruit and
remove foreign matter. May be designated according to dried fruit washed as Apricot Washer (food
prep., nec); Fig Washer (food prep., nec); Prune Washer (food prep., nec); Raisin Washer (food
prep., nec).
521.685-114 EGG-BREAKING-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that breaks eggs and separates yolk from
white of egg: Starts machine that automatically breaks eggs and dumps contents into individual cups.
Observes eggs for specified yolk and white color, quality, and clarity. Trips cup lever to drop inferior
yolk or white before cups enter separator trays. Stops machine to remove contaminated cups.
521.685-118 EXTRACTOR OPERATOR (beverage)
Tends centrifuge or power-driven press that extracts moisture
from residue of fermented mash after distillation: Pumps residue from storage tanks into centrifuge,
or through filter screens and into power-driven press, that separates solids from liquids and extracts
moisture from residue solids. Starts conveyor or blower system that transfers residue solids to rotary
drier for further processing. Cleans and sterilizes equipment, using steam cleaning apparatus and
alkali solutions. May maintain and repair equipment, using handtools. May be designated according
to equipment tended as Centrifuge Operator (beverage); Press Operator (beverage).
521.685-122 FEED GRINDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends machines that grind, cut, crimp, shell, or roll grain,
hay, corncobs, chaff, and screenings for stock and poultry feed: Opens chute to regulate flow of grain
into machine or pitches hay and corncobs into machine hopper. Starts machine and adjusts control
to regulate speed, according to fineness of grind specified. May tend separator that cleans grain prior
to grinding or to sift ground grain. May start conveyors and elevators to transfer processed feed to
storage or packing machine bins. May fill sacks and weigh them on platform scale. May be
designated according to machine tended as Corn-Cutter Operator (grain-feed mills); Corn-Sheller
Operator (grain-feed mills); Crimper Operator (grain-feed mills); Crusher-Machine Operator
(grain-feed mills); Hammer-Mill Operator (grain-feed mills); Rolled-Oats-Mill Operator (grain-feed
mills).
521.685-126 FILTER OPERATOR (beverage; sugar & conf.)
Tends filtering machines that separate liquids from slurry and
remove impurities: Starts filter, and turns valves to circulate slurry through filtering machines to
recover liquids from slurry. Moves controls to regulate speed of drum rotation and turns valves to
regulate vacuum pressure that forces slurry through liquid. Observes discharge of filter cake from
drum and adjusts controls to regulate speed of drum rotation. May remove and replace filter cloths
and clean drums or plates. May tend equipment that filters, dionizes, and cools bulk wine.
521.685-130 FILTER-PRESS TENDER (beverage)
Tends screw-type filter press that removes tartrates from
wine or produces sheen on wine prior to bottling: Covers filter plates with cloth pads and turns
handwheel to close press. Starts press and turns valves to admit wine through filters. Starts pumps
to transfer filtered wine to storage tanks or bottling room. Replaces filter pads.
521.685-134 FILTER-TANK-TENDER HELPER, HEAD (grain-feed mills)
Tends filter tank that separates undesirable solids from
glucose and dextrose under direction of CHAR-FILTER-TANK TENDER, HEAD (grain-feed
mills): Couples pipe to filters and turns valves to control flow of solution from storage. Removes
filter head, using wrench. Inserts charging spout into opening of filter and pulls lever of sliding gate
to admit char (activated carbon) into filter. Replaces filter head, using wrench.
521.685-138 FILTERING-MACHINE TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends filtering machines that separate cornstarch from
undesirable protein solids: Starts machine and turns valves to admit starch suspension from tank
through filters and to control flow of wash water to filter spray nozzles. Observes thermometers and
turns steam valves to maintain specified temperature of water in tank. Controls flow of water into
standardization tanks to regulate specific gravity of starch suspension, according to instructions from
FILTER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills). Changes damaged filter cloths and flushes soiled cloths,
using hose. Inserts wire into holes of spray nozzles to prevent clogging.
521.685-142 FINISHER OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends filtering equipment that separates skins and seeds from
tomato sauce, chile sauce, and catsup, prior to packaging: Installs specified screens in filtering
equipment, using handtools. Places refuse drums under tank outlet to receive skins and seeds. Starts
agitating paddles that force sauce through filter screens to separate skins and seeds from liquid. Dips
ladle into sauce tank to obtain sample for examination. Examines sauce for consistency and presence
of skins and seeds that indicate clogged or damaged filter screens. Changes damaged screens, using
handtools. Starts pump to transfer filtered sauce to holding tanks.
521.685-146 FRUIT-PRESS OPERATOR (beverage; can. & preserv.)
Tends power press that extracts juice from fruit: Positions
empty filter bags between sections of press, or places frame equipped with filter cloth (blanket) on
press cart. Pulls lever or turns valve to release fruit from hopper or pipeline into bag openings or onto
filter cloth. Seals tops of filled bags, using metal clamps; or spreads fruit evenly over filter cloth,
folds corners of cloth to cover fruit, removes forming frame, and pushes cart loaded with fruit into
press. Starts press. Removes filter bags or pulls cart from press and dumps fruit pulp residue into
container. May start pump to transfer juice to storage tanks. May perform duties as member of crew.
521.685-150 GLUTEN-SETTLING TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends settling tanks that separate gluten from water: Turns
valves to discharge gluten and water from starch tables into tank. Turns and adjusts inlet and outlet
valves to maintain constant level in tank until water has drained from settled grain. Starts pump that
transfers gluten to $T3plate press.$T1 Pushes remaining gluten from tank, using squeegee, and
cleans tank, using hose.
521.685-154 GRADER TENDER (agriculture)
Tends machines that clean and grade seed corn: Starts
machines and opens chute gate to permit corn to flow through series of vibrating screens. Adjusts
chute slides to regulate flow of corn to reciprocating screens and revolving cylinders that separate
corn kernels, according to width, thickness, and length. Examines graded kernels for uniformity,
using test screen. Replaces defective screens and cylinders.
521.685-158 GRANULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: granulator operator
Tends machine that cuts tobacco into granular form and
screens dust and coarse particles from granulated tobacco: Starts conveyor, cutting knives, fans, and
screens. Shovels tobacco into hopper and shoves tobacco between feed rolls of machine that carry
tobacco under cutting knives. Observes screening process and removes foreign material left in
screened tobacco. Places boxes or trucks at discharge end of machine to catch granulated tobacco.
521.685-162 GRATED-CHEESE MAKER (dairy products) alternate titles: grating-machine operator
Tends grinding, drying, and cooling equipment to make
grated cheese: Starts grater, drying drums or drying chamber, heater, blowers, cooling cones, and
hammer mill. Dumps cheese blocks into feedbox of grater, and starts ram that pushes cheese against
grating wheel. Tests sample of grated cheese for moisture content, using moisture meter, and turns
handles or valves to alter conveyor speed or flow of hot air in drier to obtain specified moisture
content. Observes gauges on cooling chambers and milling hammers, and notifies supervisor of
deviation from specifications.
521.685-166 GRINDER OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Tends grinding mills that process baked or dried bulk cereal
products prior to packaging: Starts grinder and opens chute gate on hopper to direct bulk cereal
between grinding rolls. Sifts handful of ground and graded cereal through set of screens to determine
whether cereal has been ground to specified size. Moves levers to adjust roll clearance in grinder to
produce cereal comparable to that of screened sample. Cleans and replaces clogged or worn screens.
521.685-170 HASHER OPERATOR (meat products) alternate titles: mincing-machine operator
Tends machine that chops (hashes) and rinses entrails, fat,
and other condemned or inedible parts of carcasses preparatory to rendering: Starts hasher machine
and feeds meat onto machine conveyor or into hopper by hand or using pitchfork or shovel. Turns
valves to admit water into revolving drum of washer that rinses chopped meat. Dismantles and
cleans machine, using wrench and water hose. May cut up whole carcasses, using cleaver. May chill
pieces of fat with ice before hashing.
521.685-174 HONEY EXTRACTOR (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that extracts liquid honey from combs: Places
decapped honeycombs in baskets of honey-extracting machine and closes cover. Sets clock for
specified time cycle and starts extractor machine to pump honey from honeycombs to drums for
storage. Stops machine when time bell rings. Removes emptied honeycombs from machine and
places them in vacant supers. May cut caps from honeycombs [HONEYCOMB DECAPPER (food
prep., nec)].
521.685-178 HOP STRAINER (beverage) alternate titles: hop separator
Tends machine and equipment to strain hops (used in
flavoring beer) from hot wort: Turns valves and starts pumps to transfer wort from brew kettle,
through straining machine, and into hot wort storage tank. Starts conveyor which disposes of hops
removed from wort. Turns intake and outlet valves to control rate of straining. Observes flowmeters
and pressure gauges to determine if equipment is malfunctioning. Inspects strained wort through
portholes and sight glasses to ascertain if hops have been removed. Cleans interior and exterior of
straining machine with water hose.
521.685-182 HOPPER ATTENDANT (sugar & conf.)
Tends equipment that distributes and screens sugar: Opens
hopper gates, and starts, reverses, or stops feed scrolls to distribute sugar to bulk systems and
packing station. Adjusts feed of sugar to rotating screens that separate sugar crystals, according to
size. Collects samples of grists for laboratory analysis.
521.685-186 HOT-WORT SETTLER (beverage)
Tends equipment to fill tanks with hot wort and permit solids
to settle before transferring to cooling machine: Opens valves to admit hot wort from hop strainer
to storage tank. Taps (drains) filled tanks after solids have settled. Turns valves, sets float line, and
pulls bottom plug to drain wort into cooling line. Climbs into empty settling tank to scrub inside and
remove residue, using hose and brush. May read gauges and record amount of hot wort received in
tanks.
521.685-190 ION EXCHANGE OPERATOR (beverage)
Tends equipment that removes chemical salts from wine:
Starts pump and opens valves to circulate wine through column of synthetic resin crystals to absorb
potassium ions from wine. Opens valve to admit water into column to backflush accumulated
sediment. Opens valve and starts pump to circulate acid or brine solution through column to
regenerate resin crystals. Notifies maintenance engineer of equipment malfunction.
521.685-194 LABORATORY MILLER (grain-feed mills)
Tends machines that clean and grind samples of grain to
obtain flour samples for testing: Pours grain into machines to remove chaff, dirt, undesirable seeds,
and determine moisture content. Dumps cleaned grain into mill hopper to grind wheat into flour.
Dumps flour into machine to sift it into standard flour samples. Dumps samples in container and
records identifying data for laboratory information. May perform chemical tests on grain and flour
samples.
521.685-198 LINTER TENDER (oils & grease) alternate titles: ginner; linter
Tends battery of linter machines that remove linters (bits of
cotton fibers adhering to cottonseed) before seed is crushed and pressed to extract oil: Starts flow
of seed into machine. Observes and feels seeds that flow from machine to ensure removal of linters.
Turns thumbscrews to regulate pressure of seed against saws. Removes setscrews with wrench and
moves shaft holding brushes closer to saws to maintain efficient cleaning operation. May assist
LINTER-SAW SHARPENER (oils & grease) to remove saw cylinder for sharpening.
521.685-202 LIQUOR-GRINDING-MILL OPERATOR (sugar & conf.) alternate titles: cocoa-milling-machine operator
Tends one or more grinding mills that grind nibs (cracked
cocoa beans) or preground nibs of cocoa bean paste to obtain liquid chocolate of specified
consistency: Starts machine and opens slide gate of hopper to release nibs, or turns valve to permit
paste to flow through grinding stones. Observes ammeter on machine to determine amount of current
produced by friction of grinding stone, and moves handles to adjust clearance between stones. Feels
and tastes liquor to ascertain if texture conforms to standards. Draws sample for laboratory analysis.
Pumps liquor to storage tanks. May pregrind nibs into paste-like consistency.
521.685-206 LYE-PEEL OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that removes skins of fruits and vegetables
and outer membrane of peeled citrus fruits: Turns valves to admit steam to heat lye solution in tank
and to regulate lye and water sprays. Starts conveyor to carry fruit or vegetables through machine.
Observes and feels fruit or vegetable emerging from machine to determine if immersion time is
sufficient to ensure removal of skin or membrane. May load conveyor by hand. May prepare lye
solution by dumping lye chips into tank of heated water. May scald products to loosen skin or peel
and be designated Scalder (can. & preserv.).
521.685-210 MEAL-GRINDER TENDER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: roller tender
Tends machines that grind grain between rollers: Observes
flow of grain between grinding rollers. Adjusts slides to regulate flow of grain to rollers and turns
hand screws to regulate space between rollers, under direction of GRINDER OPERATOR
(grain-feed mills). Pulls lever to spring rolls apart when grain stops flowing, to prevent damage to
rollers. May start conveyor that transports grain from storage area to grinding machines. May
lubricate machines. May obtain sample of ground grain for testing.
521.685-214 MEAT GRINDER (meat products)
Tends machine that grinds meat for use in making such
products as bologna, meat loaves, and sausages: Pushes truck of cut meat from cooler room to
grinding machine. Selects and inserts grinding plate in machine for specified particle size. Shovels
meat into machine hopper, using fork, and positions truck under discharge spout. Starts machine.
May cut chunks of meat into smaller pieces, using power operated cleaver or slicer. May select and
weigh meat in cooler room for grinding.
521.685-218 MEAT-GRADING-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends grading machine that sorts almond meats, according
to size: Loosens turnbuckles to open grading machine, using wrench, and inserts circular grading
screens into drum of machine. Closes drum of machine, and turns knob to regulate air pressure,
according to specifications. Starts flow of almond meats into machine, and starts machine that sorts
almond meats by shaking action that causes smaller almond meats to drop through holes on screens
and larger almond meats to run off top of screen onto conveyor belts. Observes almond meats on
screen to ensure that they are sorted as required. Tightens or loosens bolt on spindle of machine to
adjust shaking action of grading screen to sort almond meats as specified.
521.685-222 MILK-POWDER GRINDER (dairy products) alternate titles: malted-milk mixer
Tends equipment that mills and sifts milk powders: Fastens
specified screen in sifter, using handtools, and starts hammer mill, vibrating sifter, and tank agitator.
Starts conveyor that transfers coarse, dried powder from sifter to hammer mill. Turns crank to move
motor belt and alter speed of hammer mill to obtain specified consistency. Starts pneumatic vacuum
blower to convey ground powder through sifter to storage tank. Fills bags or barrels with powder
[PACKAGER, MACHINE (any industry)].
521.685-226 MILL OPERATOR (grain-feed mills)
Tends mills that grind stockfeed: Turns gate valves on feed
chute to regulate flow of materials into mills. Starts mills and turns handwheel to adjust distance
between rollers to attain desired fineness of grind. Feels sample of product to verify fineness of
grind.
521.685-230 MONITOR-AND-STORAGE-BIN TENDER (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: storage-bin adjuster
Tends machine that blows chaff and foreign material from
rice and regulates flow of rice to designated storage bins: Starts machine and turns control valve to
regulate flow of rice from storage bin to feeder box. Opens valve to release compressed air into
machine to blow chaff and foreign material from rice as it passes over sieves. Pulls out slide on top
of storage bin to allow rice to flow into bin. Scrapes sieves in machine with stick to remove dirt,
straw, and other foreign material. Lubricates equipment and tightens belts, nuts, and bolts.
521.685-234 NUT GRINDER (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that grinds nut meats into meal: Turns
thumbscrew or handwheels to adjust distance between grinding rollers. Fills machine hopper with
almond meats, and starts machine. Places container at discharge end of machine to catch emerging
nut meal. Inspects sample of ground nut meal for fineness of grind, and adjusts rollers when
necessary to ensure that nut meats are ground to specifications. May start vacuum hose to remove
foreign matter from nut meats. May be designated according to type of nut ground as Almond
Grinder (can. & preserv.).
521.685-238 NUT-SORTER OPERATOR (can. & preserv.) alternate titles: electric-sorting-machine operator
Tends machine that separates whole nut meats from those
that are chipped, broken, or wormy: Turns dials to specified settings to separate nut meats. Connects
calibrator to dials to verify settings. Starts machine and observes rejected nut meats to ascertain
whether machine is functioning efficiently. Examines dial settings of machine periodically, using
calibrator, and adjusts dials when necessary.
521.685-242 OILSEED-MEAT PRESSER (oils & grease) alternate titles: charger; cottonseed-meat presser; pan shaker; pan shoveler; pan shover
Tends hydraulic press that extracts oil from cloth-covered
cakes of oilseed meat: Lifts cakes from cake-forming tray, using metal pan (blade), shoves cakes into
compartments of press, and withdraws empty pan. Turns handwheel to raise hydraulic ram that
presses cakes to extract oil from cake.
521.685-246 PEANUT BLANCHER (can. & preserv.) alternate titles: blanching-machine operator
Tends blanching machine that removes skins from shelled
peanuts: Starts machine and pours peanuts into machine hopper. Inspects peanuts as they fall from
machine onto moving belt and picks out foreign matter, unblanched peanuts, and peanuts that fail
to meet production specifications. May sack blanched peanuts [PACKAGER, HAND (any
industry)]. May tend sorting machine that electronically locates and removes unblanched peanuts.
521.685-250 POTATO-PEELING-MACHINE OPERATOR (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that washes and peels potatoes: Loads
potatoes into hopper of machine by hand or by use of hoist. Starts machine and equipment that cuts
oversized potatoes in half and conveys potatoes through washing and peeling units. Observes
operation of machine to prevent jamming and ensure that potato skins are removed. In batch-type
machine, adjusts timing device to control stay of potatoes in pot containing abrasive disk. In
continuous-type machine, pushes lever to regulate flow of potatoes over abrasive rollers to control
amount of skin removed. Inspects peeled potatoes, passing on conveyor belt, and discards rotten
potatoes. Cuts up oversized potatoes and removes unsuitable parts, using knife.
521.685-254 PROCESSOR, GRAIN (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: grain cleaner; smutter
Tends grain separating, washing, and scouring machines that
remove foreign matter, such as dirt, smut, and rust, from grain preparatory to milling: Adjusts slides
in bin spouts and starts elevators to route grain from storage bins to machines. Turns valves to
regulate water temperature and water level in washer, to adjust air suction to remove dust from
separators, and to regulate flow of air through drier. Turns wingnuts to adjust angle of separator
screens, according to grain flow and amount of refuse. Hooks bag under end of screen to catch
refuse. Starts machines to process grain and observes flow entering machines to prevent overloading.
Examines processed grain to verify cleanliness. Pounds chutes with mallet to dislodge clogged grain.
May tend separating equipment only and be designated Separator Tender (grain-feed mills) I.
521.685-258 PULP-PRESS TENDER (sugar & conf.)
Tends presses and auxiliary equipment that extract water
from beet pulp, and mix pulp with molasses to produce animal fodder: Starts conveyors, elevator,
and presses. Places gates on conveyor belts to divert pulp into automatic presses. Opens valve on
molasses tank to mix molasses and pulp. Adjusts presses, valves, and flow of pulp to obtain pulp and
molasses mixture with specified moisture content. Takes samples of pulp before pressing, and of
pulp and molasses mixture for laboratory analysis.
521.685-262 PULPER TENDER (can. & preserv.) alternate titles: extract operator
Tends machine that extracts juice, and separates seeds and
pulp from fresh and precooked fruits, berries, and tomatoes: Places containers under discharge
outlets of pulping machine to receive juice, seeds, and pulp. Starts equipment to pump or convey
material through machines or dumps fruit, berries, or vegetables in machine hopper. Observes
passage of juice flowing from discharge outlet to ensure that juice is free of pulp and seeds. Removes
filled containers from discharge outlets. Replaces damaged or clogged filter screen, using handtools.
May adjust paddles in machine, using wrench. May add measured amounts of salt to tomato juice.
May heat berries in open kettle prior to processing in pulping machine. May clean and sterilize
machine, using steam hose. May be designated according to product pulped as Tomato-Pulper
Operator (can. & preserv.).
521.685-266 PULVERIZER (meat products)
Tends grinding mill that grinds dried flake albumen into
granules: Starts grinder mill and opens chute gate on machine hopper to direct flake albumen
between grinder rolls. Fills hopper with flake albumen, using scoop. Examines granules and adjusts
machine roller settings as required, using handtools, to ensure albumen is ground to specified size.
521.685-270 RIDDLER OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: tobacco cleaner; tobacco-sieve operator
Tends screening device (riddle) to separate coarse pieces of
tobacco from cut tobacco: Starts riddle and observes conveyor feeding tobacco into riddle from
cutting machine. Scrapes off coarse tobacco left on flat screen and returns tobacco to cutting
machine. Replaces filled boxes of sifted tobacco with empty boxes. May brush tobacco from clogged
screens. May be designated according to type of tobacco processed as Granulated-Tobacco Screener
(tobacco); Shorts Sifter (tobacco); Tobacco-Scrap Sifter (tobacco).
521.685-274 ROUGH-RICE TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends battery of machines that mill and brush cleaned rough
rice: Starts machines, such as shelling stones, rice hullers, paddy separator, and rice brush. Turns
feed controls to regulate flow of rice into series of machines that automatically hull rice, separate
hulled from unhulled rice, brush dust from hulled rice, and blow off bran. Examines rice visually and
tactually, and adjusts machines to ensure standard product. Inspects machines to ensure efficient
milling. Lubricates machines and makes minor repairs.
521.685-278 ROUTING-EQUIPMENT TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends equipment that routes rice to milling machines: Opens
feed pipes to route rice for each lot to designated milling machines. Turns wheels, bolts, and moves
levers to adjust grading machines to obtain specified proportions of broken and whole grain rice in
lot being milled. Performs maintenance on mill machinery.
521.685-282 SCREEN-ROOM OPERATOR (sugar & conf.)
Tends machines that separate sugar crystals, according to
grain size: Observes machine vibrating screens to ascertain that sugar is flowing. Cleans screens with
brush and regulates vibrations of screens to maintain flow. Changes screens by disconnecting
sleeves, removing wing nuts, and hoisting cover, using block and tackle. Takes sample of screened
sugar for laboratory analysis. Tightens machine parts loosened by vibration, using handtools.
521.685-286 SEPARATOR OPERATOR, SHELLFISH MEATS (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that separates shell particles and sand from
shellfish meats, by water and air agitation, preparatory to blanching and canning or freezing: Turns
valves to admit water and air to separator vat as shelled meats are dumped into it from peeling
machine or by another worker. Adjusts air volume and operating time according to bulk and
cleanliness of meats in vat. Moves floating meats to conveyor by hand, or by using wooden paddle.
Drains vat to remove shells and sand from bottom.
521.685-290 SEPARATOR TENDER II (grain-feed mills)
Tends reels or shakers that separate and remove bran, gluten,
or other insolubles from starch suspension: Starts reels or shakers. Turns valves to admit and regulate
flow of liquid suspension to separators. Starts conveyor that carries off insolubles separated from
suspension. Tests specific gravity of liquid starch to ascertain if separation meets standards, using
hydrometer. Cleans shakers or reels with caustic solution and water hose. Replaces worn or broken
bearings, springs, and other parts, using handtools. May tend driers to dehydrate brans.
521.685-294 SHELLER II (can. & preserv.)
Tends nut-cracking machine that cracks shells of nuts and
separates broken shells from nut meat: Starts machine and turns handwheels to adjust cylinders or
rollers and control flow of nuts into machine. Observes cracked nuts emerging from machine to
ascertain that they are cracked and separated from shells.
521.685-298 SLICE-PLUG-CUTTER OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: cheese cutter; slice-cutting-machine operator; tobacco cutter
Tends slicing machine that cuts plugs (cheeses) of tobacco
into slice-plug smoking tobacco: Arranges plugs in even piles on cutting board. Starts machine and
tightens setscrew to feed plugs under reciprocating knife. Holds cut slices together in form of plugs
from which slices are cut, using stick. Slides sliced tobacco onto tray. Replaces dull knife blade,
using wrench.
521.685-302 SLICING-MACHINE OPERATOR (bakery products)
Tends machine that slices bread, cakes, and other bakery
products: Positions and tightens cutting blades and adjusts guides to accommodate size of product
to be sliced, using wrench. Starts machine. Places product on conveyor and monitors slicing action
of machine. Removes sliced products from machine conveyor and places them on conveyor leading
to wrappers. May tend machines that wrap and pack bakery products [PACKAGER, MACHINE
(any industry) 920.685-078]. May be designated according to machine tended as Band-Saw
Operator, Cake Cutting (bakery products); or according to product sliced as Bread Slicer, Machine
(bakery products); Cake Cutter, Machine (bakery products); Wafer Cutter (bakery products).
521.685-306 SLICING-MACHINE OPERATOR (dairy products; meat products)
Tends one or more machines that automatically slice food
products, such as cheese or meat for packaging: Threads roll of interleaf paper into machine. Turns
screws to adjust guides on machine for size of food slab, using wrench. Places slab of food on feeder
bed. Presses levers to clamp chunk to bed and start feeder. Turns dials to set number and thickness
of slices in each stack. Presses switch to start rotating slicer with synchronized devices that cut,
count, interleaf, and stack slices of food. Weighs stack and turns dial to regulate thickness of slices
to achieve prescribed weight. Removes and replaces imperfect slice with one from spare pile. Places
sliced stack on packaging conveyor.
521.685-310 SMOKING-TOBACCO-CUTTER OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: tobacco cutter
Tends machine that cuts cakes of pressed tobacco (cheeses),
into granular form for smoking tobacco: Places cake of tobacco on bed of machine and pushes cake
between corrugated feed rollers. Catches cut tobacco on tray and feeds ends of slices between rollers,
keeping slices in line. Changes dull knife blades, using wrench. Cleans machine, using steam hose.
521.685-314 SNUFF GRINDER AND SCREENER (tobacco)
Tends machines that pulverize chopped tobacco into snuff
and sift snuff through screens to remove oversized particles: Presses button to start hammer mill and
observes operation of machine to ensure that tobacco is being pulverized into snuff, according to
company specifications. Pushes lever to start screener vibrating to sift pulverized snuff. Picks up and
rubs handful of snuff between hands to verify that oversized particles have been removed. Adjusts
hammer mill or changes filter on screener as needed, using handtools. Observes flow of snuff
through screw-type conveyor to ensure that sufficient amount of snuff is fed to packing machine
from screener.
521.685-318 SORTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (can. & preserv.) alternate titles: grading-machine feeder; sizing-machine operator; sorting-machine attendant
Tends automatic-sorting machine that separates fruits,
vegetables, shrimp, or pickles, according to sizes: Places baskets, tubs, or crates beneath discharge
outlets of machine. Starts machine and dumps boxes of fruit or vegetables in feed chute or opens
supply chute to feed material into machine. Removes full containers from discharge outlets and
replaces them with empty ones. Cleans, oils, and greases machine, using oilcan or grease gun. May
post identifying information on containers.
521.685-322 SPICE CLEANER (food prep., nec)
Tends machine that removes foreign matter, such as rocks,
mold, and insects, from spices: Dumps spices into machine hopper. Attaches empty bag to discharge
end of machine and starts machine. Inspects cleaned spices to verify that foreign matter is removed.
May sew ends of filled bags, using power-sewing machine.
521.685-326 SPICE MILLER (food prep., nec) alternate titles: spice grinder; spice-grinding-mill operator
Tends machines that grind spices, such as cinnamon and chili
pepper: Opens storage hopper gate to fill hammer or rolling-type grinding mill with spice. Moves
lever to control spice feed and places containers under sifting screen or discharge spout. Examines
crushed spices to verify consistency of grind. Cleans or replaces rollers, sifters, and other machine
parts. May be designated according to spice ground as Chili-Pepper Grinder (food prep., nec);
Cinnamon Grinder (food prep., nec); or according to type of grinding machine tended as Spice
Miller, Hammer Mill (food prep., nec); Spice Miller, Rolling Mill (food prep., nec).
521.685-330 STEM-ROLLER-OR-CRUSHER OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: crusher operator; roller operator
Tends machine that flattens tobacco stems or stems and veins
of tobacco leaves: Starts conveyor that feeds tobacco to rollers of machine and forks tobacco onto
conveyor. Regulates flow of steam and water to moisten tobacco and clean and cool rollers. May
remove flattened leaves from machine and stack leaves in pile or fork flattened stems into
hogsheads.
521.685-334 STEMMER, MACHINE (tobacco) alternate titles: stripping-and-booking-machine operator; tobacco stemmer, machine; tobacco-stripping-machine operator; wrapper-stemmer operator
Tends machine that removes stems from leaves of tobacco
and arranges stemmed leaves into books: Starts machine and feeds leaf between rollers. Removes
stacks of stripped leaves and ties leaves together. Separates leaves according to books of right or left
halves. Dumps stems from machine into cans. May be designated according to type of tobacco
stemmed as Binder Stripper, Machine (tobacco); Wrapper Stripper (tobacco).
521.685-338 STRIP-CUTTING-MACHINE OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: shredding-machine operator; tobacco cutter
Tends machine that cuts tobacco into shreds for use in
making cigarettes: Starts feeders, ordering drum, conveyors, and cutting machine. Observes
operation of conveyors and cutting machine and pulls lever to regulate flow of tobacco on conveyor
to prevent jamming. May tighten bolts that hold knives, or may change knives, using wrench and
screwdriver, and maintain record of knives used.
521.685-342 STRIPPER-CUTTER, MACHINE (food prep., nec) alternate titles: sawyer
Tends machines equipped with guillotine knives or bandsaw,
stick pusher, and deheader, that automatically strip, dehead, and cut macaroni long goods to
specified length: Starts elevator to position rack of dried macaroni beside machine. Pulls machine
arm that lifts drying stick (rod) of macaroni from rack onto chain conveyor that feeds it onto machine
bed. Starts deheading hammer, stick pusher, and knives, and feeds macaroni onto packaging
conveyor. Starts machine that automatically strips and dehooks macaroni, and passes it through
preset bandsaw to cut product into specified lengths for packaging. Removes cut macaroni from
trough and places in box on packaging conveyor line.
521.685-346 SUGAR GRINDER (sugar & conf.)
Tends machine that grinds granulated sugar into powdered
sugar: Turns handwheel to set spacing between grinding rollers or stones, or installs gratings in drum
of grinding machine to obtain specified degree of fineness. Starts machine and empties bags of
granulated sugar into hopper. Observes grinding and discharging process to verify pulverization of
sugar to specified fineness and discharge of sugar through air-leg into bags. Removes filled bags
from air-leg onto pallet and replaces them with empty bags.
521.685-350 SUGAR PRESSER (grain-feed mills)
Tends press that removes corn-sugar hydrol from crystallized
cakes of sugar. Places cakes in press and turns handwheels to compress cakes and squeeze out
hydrol. Releases pressure and removes slabs.
521.685-354 SUGAR-CHIPPER-MACHINE OPERATOR (grain-feed mills) alternate titles: sugar grinder
Tends machine that chips cakes of sugar into pieces: Lifts
cakes of sugar onto table of machine having rotating wheel equipped with knives. Starts machine
and pushes sugar cakes against wheel that chips cakes into pieces.
521.685-358 SWEET-POTATO DISINTEGRATOR (can. & preserv.)
Tends machine that grinds sweet potatoes into semifluid state
to facilitate cooking process: Starts machine and turns handwheel to admit water into discharge chute
of conveyor and into machine to lubricate potatoes during grinding process. Starts conveyor that
moves potatoes from hopper into chute feeding grinding machine. Observes level of semifluid
potatoes fed into receptacle and stops grinding process when receptacle is full. Clears potato jam-ups
on conveyor, using rod.
521.685-362 THRESHING-MACHINE OPERATOR (tobacco) alternate titles: stem-cleaning-machine feeder; stem-threshing-machine operator
Tends threshing machine that strips leaf particles from
tobacco stems: Starts motor that rotates spike-studded drums or vibrates screen. Forks dried stems
onto feed conveyor or opens chute gate to drop tobacco onto feed conveyor. Removes filled catching
bag, empties bag into bin or sack, and replaces bag on machine. Removes matted stems from spikes
of drum.
521.685-366 TIPPLE TENDER (grain-feed mills)
Tends tipple to dump casings loaded with dried corn starch
onto conveyor: Lowers casing into tipple, using hoist. Turns handwheel to dump starch into hopper
above moving conveyor, and opens hopper gate to deposit starch uniformly on conveyor.
521.685-370 WINERY WORKER (beverage)
Performs any combination of following tasks involved in
winemaking: Lifts bulk grapes or dried pomace onto conveyor leading to crusher, disintegrator, or
de-alcoholizer still, using pitchfork. Connects portable pumps between tanks and turns valves to
pump wine and alcohol from fermenting and fortifying tanks to tanks that cool wine to prevent
further fermentation. Pumps chilled wine into clarifying tanks and adds prescribed chemicals to
wine. Starts agitator that mixes solution to induce sedimentation of wine particles. Pumps clarified
wines through filtering tanks into tank to obtain blended wine. Pumps wine through pasteurizer to
prevent wine spoilage. Pumps pasteurized wine through filtering device to collect sediment and
precipitates and into tanks in bottling room. Tends press that separates juice from pomace and starts
conveyor that transports pomace to disintegrating machine. Starts disintegrating machine and
de-alcoholizer steam still that salvages alcohol from pomace, and starts conveyor that transports
residue to storage. Cleans and sterilizes fermenting and fortifying tanks and railroad tank cars, using
airhose and soda ash.
521.685-374 WINTERIZER (oils & grease) alternate titles: oil winterizer
Tends equipment that strains stearin from vegetable oils, such
as soybean, corn, and cottonseed to produce salad oil: Turns valves to admit oil to chilling tank and
to circulate refrigerant through tank coils for specified time to solidify stearin. Opens filter valves
and adjusts air pressure to force oil through filters and trap suspended stearin.
521.685-378 DEBONER, PET FOOD (can. & preserv.)
Tends deboning-grinder machine that separates flesh from bones to make boneless ground pet food: Positions and secures hopper, screw, and disk assemblies in deboning-grinder machine housings, using wrench, and depresses buttons to activate machine and conveyor. Observes volume of meat parts moving on conveyor into hopper, and adds or removes parts, using shovel, and spreads parts in hopper, using stick, to ensure steady supply of |
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